Bipolar bozuklukta psikolojik dayanıklılık, algılanan sosyal destekle ilişkili midir?

Objective: Psychological resilience (PR) is a risk factor that is associated with onset of disease, quality of life, and prognosis in bipolar disorder (BD). There are variables that can affect PR positively and negatively; one of them is perceived social support (PSS). The aim of this study was to examine this relationship. Methods: The Multidimensional Scale of PSS, Adult PR Scale, and Data Collection Form were requested from 90 patients with bipolar I disorder in the euthymic stage and 30 controls who were matched for age, gender, marital status, and level of education. Results: PSS and PR scores were significantly lower in the bipolar group than in the control group. In the control group, only the family subscale of PSS was significantly correlated with PR, while both the family and friend subscales were significantly associated with PR in the bipolar group. In a regression analysis which considered PR as an independent variable, the family and friend subscales of PSS and age at onset were significant. Conclusion: Family therapy and peer support groups in addition to medical therapy in BD may contribute positively to prognosis. In addition, training modules to develop PR for BD patients with risk factors such as childhood trauma and early onset would improve prognosis.Amaç: Ruhsal dayanıklılık (RD), bipolar bozuklukta (BB) hastalık başlangıcı, yaşam kalitesi ve prognoz ile ilişkili bir risk etkenidir. RD’yi olumlu ve olumsuz yönde etkileyebilecek değişkenler vardır ve bunlardan biri algılanan sosyal destektir (ASD). Çalışmanın amacı BB hastalarında RD ile ASD arasındaki ilişkiyi incelemektir. Yöntem: Ötimik evredeki BB I hastası 90 kişi ile yaş, cinsiyet, medeni durum ve eğitim açısından eşleştirilmiş 30 kişiden oluşan kontrol grubuna çok boyutlu ASD Ölçeği, Yetişkin RD Ölçeği ile Veri Toplama Formu verilmiştir. Bulgular: ASD ve RD puanları BB grubunda kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı olarak düşüktü. Kontrol grubunda ASD ölçeğinin aile alt boyutu RD ile anlamlı korelasyon gösterirken, BB grubunda hem aile, hem de arkadaş alt ölçekleri anlamlı korelasyon gösterdi. RD'nin bağımsız değişken alındığı regresyon analizinde ASD'nin aile ve arkadaş alt ölçekleri, hastalık başlangıç yaşı ile geçmişte intihar girişimi öyküsü varlığı anlamlı bulundu. Sonuç: BB’de ilaç tedavisine ek olarak aile terapisi ve akran destek grupları prognoza olumlu katkıda bulunabilir. Ek olarak, çocukluk çağı travması. intihar girişimi öyküsü ve erken başlangıç gibi risk etkenleri olan BB hastaları için RD’yi geliştirmeye yönelik ruhsal eğitim modüllerinin prognoza olumlu katkıları olabilirQ1WOS:0004927249000052-s2.0-8507466629

Clinical Characteristics and Visual Outcomes of Pediatric Optic Neuritis: A Single Center Experience

INTRODUCTION: The aim of this study was to describe the clinical characteristics, visual outcomes of pediatric patients presenting with first-episode of optic neuritis. METHODS: We reviewed medical records of the patients newly diagnosed with optic neuritis younger than 18 years between January 2014 and December 2018 retrospectively. RESULTS: Twenty-eight patients were included to this study. The mean age at first onset of optic neuritis was 13.2+-3.1 years (range 6.2-17.3 years). The mean follow-up period was 4.2+-3.2 (range 0.6-13.08) years. 7 of 28 (25%) patients had recurrent optic neuritis. Optic neuritis involvement was unilateral in 17 of 28 (60%) patients. Forty percent of the patients had idiopathic optic neuritis. Of the six patients with demyelinating lesions in cranial magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at the first admission, three were diagnosed with multiple sclerosis (MS) at the time of first optic neuritis attack, and three were diagnosed within 13.4+-4.8 months after the first episode. Eight of 21 optic neuritis patients (38%) had oligoclonal band positivity and the incidence of MS was significantly higher in these patients (p=0.014). The mean visual acuity at nadir was 0.48+-0.27 at admission. Whereas it was 0.74+-0.31 and 0.76+-0.33 at 1 and 6 months respectively. There was a strong correlation between first and sixth-month visual acuity (r=0.98, p=0.00). DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Our study demonstrated that poor visual acuity (worse than 0.5) at 1 month can predict poor vision at 6 months. The patients with demyelinating lesions in cranial MRI at their first optic neuritis episode, are more likely to develop MS during the follow-up

Investigation of Proline, Chlorophyll and Carotenoids Changes Under Drought Stress in Some Onion (Allium Cepa L.) Cultivars

Drought is one of the major limitations for vegetable growth and productivity all over the World. In this study the effects of drought stress on proline, chlorophyll a/b, total chlorophyll and carotenoids were investigated in some onion (Allium cepa L.) cultivars (Kantartopu-3, Akgun-12 and Texas Early Grano) under the early plant growth phase.&nbsp; Seeds were germinated in peat material and transferred to plastic pots after 21 days of sowing. The plants have been grown in vermiculite by “substrate culture” technique. Three different irrigation applications (pot/field capacity (PC) PC-90 (90% of PC), PC-70 (70% of PC), PC-40 (40% of PC) were tested under greenhouse conditions. After six weeks of transferring, leaf parts were isolated and studied for various indices. Irrigation rates affected significantly the all parameters of onion. The results indicated that drought increased accumulation of proline in onion seedlings, while decreased the content of chlorophyll and carotenoid.&nbsp;&nbsp;</p