O setor agroexportador brasileiro no contexto da integração Mercosul/UE1

From the prospect of implementation of the Mercosul/UE agreement, which should allow the strengthening of the trade between the two blocks, we analyzed the possible gains in two alternative scenarios of integration using a Partial Equilibrium Model for the estimation of trade creation and trade deviation in the Brazilian Agricultural Export Sector. The results for the two levels of tariff reduction confirmed the expectations that the integration Mercosul/UE would provide significant commercial gains for the Brazilian agribusiness. In addition, the estimates of trade creation were for most of the simulations superior to those of trade deviation, confirming the productive efficiency and competitiveness of the Brazilian Agricultural Export Sector in the world economy.Mercosul/UE integration, partial equilibrium, trade creation and trade deviation, International Relations/Trade, Q17,

As exportações brasileiras: um enfoque de portfólio eficiente

A seleção de uma pauta eficiente de exportação permite ao país melhor adequação ao planejamento de médio e longo prazo, com maior estabilidade e menores riscos, o que dá sustentabilidade ao desenvolvimento. O modelo de portfólio, de Markowitz, permite avaliar a pauta de exportação de um país por uma análise de retorno e risco, possibilitando a seleção de uma carteira ótima. Nesse contexto, foram avaliadas as pautas de exportação do Brasil em 6-dígitos da Nomenclatura Comum do Mercosul. Verificou-se que a pauta nacional foi se diversificando com participações cada vez mais eqüitativas dos produtos componentes. As seções Matérias Têxteis, Indústrias Alimentares e Metais Comuns e Suas Obras foram selecionadas dentre as mais importantes, em todos os três períodos considerados na análise, o que indica o potencial de estabilidade de seus produtos na conformação estrutural da pauta de exportações do país, observando-se que esses produtos são aqueles tradicionalmente exportados pelo país. O modelo é um instrumental na tomada de decisões, no caso de produtos exportáveis, em que está em jogo a estrutura produtiva e de comércio de um país, a qual envolva produtores, trabalhadores e comerciantes, ou seja, tanto pessoas quanto recursos produtivos no processo de produção e de exportação.Exportações, Markowitz, Portfólio, Risco, Mercosul, International Relations/Trade,

Compensações financeiras e royalties hidrelétricos na determinação do investimento público e das despesas sociais

Based on the regulation about the compensatory payment for using the water resources and land flooding for the generation of electric power, this study was carried out to evaluate the effect of the "extra" financial resource – financial compensations and hydroelectric royalties – in budget revenue formation and in the public expenses determination of the receiving municipalities in Minas Gerais. From the discussions about the determinants of the government expenses the public county accounts were estimated regressions with data panel for each of the municipal expenses under consideration (investment, housing and urbanization, health and sanitation, education and culture), and proportion indexes and growth rates of expenses and incomes were calculated. The main sources of municipal income (compensatory resources, Municipal Participation Fund – FPM, Taxes on Circulation of Goods and Services – ICMS, Urban Territorial Property Tax – IPTU, Any nature Service Tax – ISS, and county taxes) served as explanatory variables. The results showed the budget revenue availability is significant to determining the county public expenses, and confirmed the power of the financial payoffs and hydroelectric royalties on expansion of the county expense in local infrastructure. This was apprehended mainly by the elasticities of the functions estimated for the investment, housing, urbanization, health and sanitation expenses.Hydroelectric royalties, Budget revenue, Public expenses, Public Economics,

FONTES DE CRESCIMENTO DAS EXPORTAÇÕES DO COMPLEXO SOJA BRASILEIRO

O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar as principais fontes de crescimento das exportações brasileiras de soja em grão, farelo e óleo de 1995 a 2004. Para tanto, utilizou-se o modelo de comércio internacional Constant-Market-Share, que permitiu decompor as fontes de crescimento em quatro efeitos, quais sejam, crescimento do comércio mundial, composição da pauta, destino das exportações e competitividade. Os dados para o cálculo do modelo Constant-Market-Share foram coletados junto ao Sistema de Análise das Informações de Comércio Exterior (ALICE), da Secretaria de Comércio Exterior (SECEX), que possui os dados de exportações brasileiras Free on Board (FOB) em dólares, à Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) e à Organização Mundial do Comércio (OMC). Os resultados indicaram que as principais fontes de crescimento para o grão, o farelo e o óleo de soja do período II em relação ao período I foi a competitividade, e do período III em relação ao período II foi o crescimento do comércio mundial. The aim of this paper is identify the principal sources of growth on Brazilian exports of soy in grain, bran and oil from 1995 to 2004. For this, it was used the model of international commerce Constant-Market-Share, which allowed analyzing the sources of growth in four effects: growth of the world commerce, composition of the subject, destiny of the exports and competitiveness. The data to calculate the model Constant-Market-Share were collected from the System of Analysis of Informations from the Exterior Commerce (ALICE), the General Office of Exterior Commerce (SECEX), that has the data of Brazilian exports Free on Board (FOB) in dollars, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World-wide Organization of the Commerce (WTO). The results indicated that the principal sources of growth for the grain, the bran and the oil soy oil during the period II in relation to the period I was the competitiveness, and during the period III according to the period II was the growth of the world commerce.Complexo Soja, Constant-Market-Share, Comércio Internacional, Soy Complex, Constant-Market-Share, International Commerce, International Relations/Trade,

Análise do desempenho das exportações brasileiras de carne bovina: uma aplicação do método Constant-Market-Share, 1995-2003

The study analyzes the behavior of the Brazilian’s beef exports, in natura, during the 1995 to 2003 period. It shows that the substantial increase in exports made the country one of the leading beef exporters and tries to identify the factors that contributed for this growth. The methodological procedures involve the application of the Constant-Market-Share model to identify the sources of growth of the exports through the world trade growth effect, origin of exports effect and competitive effect. The composition effect was not estimated given the fact that the model was applied to only one product. The results show that the competitive and structural effects gave a significant increase to the Brazilian’s exports. The study shows, also, that Brazil increased its market share due the several factors that contributed to an expansion in its exports through new world markets.Brazilian’s beef exports, Constant-Market-Share, Competitive and structural effects, International Relations/Trade,

Health-related quality of life in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus in the different geographical regions of Brazil : data from the Brazilian Type 1 Diabetes Study Group

Background: In type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) management, enhancing health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is as important as good metabolic control and prevention of secondary complications. This study aims to evaluate possible regional differences in HRQoL, demographic features and clinical characteristics of patients with T1DM in Brazil, a country of continental proportions, as well as investigate which variables could influence the HRQoL of these individuals and contribute to these regional disparities. Methods: This was a retrospective, cross-sectional, multicenter study performed by the Brazilian Type 1 Diabetes Study Group (BrazDiab1SG), by analyzing EuroQol scores from 3005 participants with T1DM, in 28 public clinics, among all geographical regions of Brazil. Data on demography, economic status, chronic complications, glycemic control and lipid profile were also collected. Results: We have found that the North-Northeast region presents a higher index in the assessment of the overall health status (EQ-VAS) compared to the Southeast (74.6 ± 30 and 70.4 ± 19, respectively; p < 0.05). In addition, North- Northeast presented a lower frequency of self-reported anxiety-depression compared to all regions of the country (North-Northeast: 1.53 ± 0.6; Southeast: 1.65 ± 0.7; South: 1.72 ± 0.7; Midwest: 1.67 ± 0.7; p < 0.05). These findings could not be entirely explained by the HbA1c levels or the other variables examined. Conclusions: Our study points to the existence of additional factors not yet evaluated that could be determinant in the HRQoL of people with T1DM and contribute to these regional disparities

Índice de Inovação: hierarquização dos produtores do arranjo produtivo local de fruticultura irrigada, estado do Ceará

The proposal is to identify and analyze homogeneous groups of producers with different productive and innovations levels, to develop better in the arrangement productive horticulture place irrigated located in the Limoeiro do Norte and Russas cities, in Ceará state. The technical of factorial analysis was used for the definition of the factors and the analysis of groupings to form homogeneous groups. The development of the arrangement productive place of irrigated horticulture of Low Jaguaribe in Ceará state is sustained by a group of producers which are more integrated and intensive in the production processes, innovation, cooperation and interactive learning, and for the relationships developed in local terms

O setor agroexportador brasileiro no contexto da integração Mercosul/UE1

From the prospect of implementation of the Mercosul/UE agreement, which should allow the strengthening of the trade between the two blocks, we analyzed the possible gains in two alternative scenarios of integration using a Partial Equilibrium Model for the estimation of trade creation and trade deviation in the Brazilian Agricultural Export Sector. The results for the two levels of tariff reduction confirmed the expectations that the integration Mercosul/UE would provide significant commercial gains for the Brazilian agribusiness. In addition, the estimates of trade creation were for most of the simulations superior to those of trade deviation, confirming the productive efficiency and competitiveness of the Brazilian Agricultural Export Sector in the world economy