1,101 research outputs found
Applied Exercise Physiology: a serendipitous personal journey toward a place that didn’t exist when the journey started
Applied exercise physiology is a rich profession in much of the developed world in the early 21st century. However, in the early 1970’s there was no such profession, just the scientific discipline of exercise physiology. Linked to the 1975 publication of the first edition of ACSM’s Guidelines for Graded Exercise Testing and Exercise Prescription, the authors career has been linked to a serendipitous series of events that have seen the development of the profession of applied exercise physiology. Taken as a whole, these parallel stories inform us of the importance of serendipity within the process of scientific discovery.A fisiologia do exercício aplicada é uma profissão rica em grande parte do mundo, desenvolvido no início do século XXI. No entanto, no início dos anos 1970 não havia tal profissão, apenas a disciplina científica fisiologia do exercício. Ligado à publicação de 1975 da primeira edição das diretrizes do ACSM para os testes do exercício e a prescrição do exercício, a carreira do autor foi ligada a uma série de descobertas afortunadas dos eventos que viram o desenvolvimento da profissão da fisiologia do exercício aplicada. Tomadas como um todo, essas histórias paralelas nos informam da importância das descobertas afortunadas no processo científico
The Anatomy of the Grid - Enabling Scalable Virtual Organizations
"Grid" computing has emerged as an important new field, distinguished from
conventional distributed computing by its focus on large-scale resource
sharing, innovative applications, and, in some cases, high-performance
orientation. In this article, we define this new field. First, we review the
"Grid problem," which we define as flexible, secure, coordinated resource
sharing among dynamic collections of individuals, institutions, and
resources-what we refer to as virtual organizations. In such settings, we
encounter unique authentication, authorization, resource access, resource
discovery, and other challenges. It is this class of problem that is addressed
by Grid technologies. Next, we present an extensible and open Grid
architecture, in which protocols, services, application programming interfaces,
and software development kits are categorized according to their roles in
enabling resource sharing. We describe requirements that we believe any such
mechanisms must satisfy, and we discuss the central role played by the
intergrid protocols that enable interoperability among different Grid systems.
Finally, we discuss how Grid technologies relate to other contemporary
technologies, including enterprise integration, application service provider,
storage service provider, and peer-to-peer computing. We maintain that Grid
concepts and technologies complement and have much to contribute to these other
approaches.Comment: 24 pages, 5 figure
Arts industries do not cause gentrification- they tend to chase it.
Gentrification has been long thought to be sparked by artists and artistic businesses that move into poorer areas. But new research from Carl Grodach, Nicole Foster, and James Murdoch finds that we need to rewrite the story of arts-led gentrification. In a study of the 30 largest US metros, they find that art industries generally do not cause gentrification and the associated displacement of poorer residents. In fact, gentrified places tend to attract the arts, the reverse of the traditionally assumed relationship
The importance of neighborhood context in arts-led development
This article contributes to the creative city–community development arts policy debate by examining the association of arts organizations to various neighborhood contexts in New York City. Results from multivariate regression analyses show that arts organizations regardless of type are positioned to serve the creative class rather than play a community development role. Notably, only a small subset of locally focused organizations and organizations with smaller expenditures locate in disadvantaged and immigrant neighborhoods where they might play a direct role in community development. Instead, most arts organizations tend to locate in the most highly urbanized, amenities-rich areas with young working singles and creative industries. These findings raise important questions for incorporating the arts into neighborhood planning efforts
English Machine Reading Comprehension Datasets: A Survey
This paper surveys 60 English Machine Reading Comprehension datasets, with a
view to providing a convenient resource for other researchers interested in
this problem. We categorize the datasets according to their question and answer
form and compare them across various dimensions including size, vocabulary,
data source, method of creation, human performance level, and first question
word. Our analysis reveals that Wikipedia is by far the most common data source
and that there is a relative lack of why, when, and where questions across
datasets.Comment: Will appear at EMNLP 2021. Dataset survey paper: 9 pages, 5 figures,
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