9,196 research outputs found
Public and private pension spending: principles, practice and the need for reform
This paper surveys the issue of public spending on pensions. Drawing on evidence from systems around the world, but particularly in Britain, we outline the arguments for different types of public and private provision of pension income and consider how far they go towards meeting the objectives of pension provision. We discuss past trends in spending and look at future projections.
Engaging effectively with black and minority ethnic parents in children's and parental services
Recommended from our members
Trachemys gaigeae
Number of Pages: 6Integrative BiologyGeological Science
Constraints on OH Megamaser Excitation from a Survey of OH Satellite Lines
We report the results of a full-Stokes survey of all four 18 cm OH lines in
77 OH megamasers (OHMs) using the Arecibo Observatory. This is the first survey
of OHMs that included observations of the OH satellite lines; only 4 of the 77
OHMs have existing satellite line observations in the literature. In 5 sources,
satellite line emission is detected, with 3 of the 5 sources re-detections of
previously published sources. The 2 sources with new detections of satellite
line emission are IRAS F10173+0829, which was detected at 1720 MHz, and IRAS
F15107+0724, for which both the 1612 MHz and 1720 MHz lines were detected. In
IRAS F15107+0724, the satellite lines are partially conjugate, as 1720 MHz
absorption and 1612 MHz emission have the same structure at some velocities
within the source, along with additional broader 1612 MHz emission. This is the
first observed example of conjugate satellite lines in an OHM. In the remaining
sources, no satellite line emission is observed. The detections and upper
limits are generally consistent with models of OHM emission in which all of the
18 cm OH lines have the same excitation temperature. There is no evidence for a
significant population of strong satellite line emitters among OHMs.Comment: 9 pages, accepted to Ap
3D video coding and transmission
The capture, transmission, and display of
3D content has gained a lot of attention in the last few
years. 3D multimedia content is no longer con fined to
cinema theatres but is being transmitted using stereoscopic
video over satellite, shared on Blu-RayTMdisks,
or sent over Internet technologies. Stereoscopic displays
are needed at the receiving end and the viewer needs to
wear special glasses to present the two versions of the
video to the human vision system that then generates
the 3D illusion. To be more e ffective and improve the
immersive experience, more views are acquired from a
larger number of cameras and presented on di fferent displays,
such as autostereoscopic and light field displays.
These multiple views, combined with depth data, also
allow enhanced user experiences and new forms of interaction
with the 3D content from virtual viewpoints.
This type of audiovisual information is represented by a
huge amount of data that needs to be compressed and
transmitted over bandwidth-limited channels. Part of
the COST Action IC1105 \3D Content Creation, Coding
and Transmission over Future Media Networks" (3DConTourNet)
focuses on this research challenge.peer-reviewe
The Impact of 9/11 and Other Terrible Global Events on Tourism in the U.S. and Hawaii
This paper reviews recent trends in travel and tourism in the U.S. and Hawaii to ascertain how the terrorist attacks of 9/11 and subsequent terrible global events affected their tourism flows and the manner and pace of their recovery. We note that tourism in the U.S. has not fully recovered from 9/11 and other international shocks; indeed recovery of international travel to the U.S. may be a long way off. By contrast, Hawaii tourism is enjoying robust growth in the aftermath of 9/11 as growth in tourist arrivals from the U.S. mainland has more than offset declines in Japanese and other international visitors. We suggest that Hawaii's current tourism boom is in part explained by the diversion of U.S. travel from foreign travel. The paper demonstrates the usefulness of vector error correction models to generate dynamic visitor forecasts which we use to ascertain whether tourism in Hawaii has fully recovered from 9/11 and other terrible international events. The paper considers policy options for facilitating the recovery of international tourism to the U.S.
Preparing for retirement: the pension arrangements and retirement expectations of those approaching state pension age in England
This paper provides a detailed analysis of individuals in households in England aged between 50 and the State Pension Age in terms of their private pension arrangements and current non-pension assets alongside their expectations of future economic circumstances. Our descriptive findings include that members of defined benefit pensions have higher average levels of current earnings than members of defined contribution pensions and that median expected private pension income in retirement is highest for current members of defined benefit schemes. We find that on average those who have, or have had, a private pension have greater non-pension wealth than those who have never had a private pension. In terms of expectations of the future we find that it is those who have the fewest assets who have the least attachment to the labour market and are far less likely to expect any inheritance. Hence we conclude that inequalities in different dimensions of retirement resources tend to reinforce themselves as opposed to offset each other. This working paper was updated in October 2005 to take account of revised housing wealth numbers. Appendices containing additional tables can be downloaded here: Section 2 pdf file [138 KB]; Sections 3 pdf file [119 KB]; Section 4 pdf file [179 KB];
- …