Building Up Walls: The New Pattern Of Spatial Segregation In São Paulo

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The ‘Bravo Mike Syndrome': private security culture and racial profiling in South Africa

This article analyses how issues of race influence the occupational culture of the armed response sector, a particular part of the private security industry, in Durban, South Africa. In addition to analysing the racial hierarchy of the industry, this article examines the ‘Bravo Mike Syndrome' – Bravo Mike meaning black male in NATO phonetic alphabet code. The ‘Bravo Mike Syndrome' refers to the racialised imaginaries of criminals and the subsequent policing practices performed by armed response officers to protect clients from this racially constructed dangerous ‘Other’. However, as the majority of armed response officers are ‘Bravo Mikes’ themselves, there is a constant element of friction in their performances. Based on 20 months of ethnographic fieldwork, this article thus analyses how racialised understandings of crime influence, and are reproduced by, private policing practices, thereby contributing to studies on private security occupational cultures and racial profiling

Somatização em migrantes de baixa renda no Brasil Somatization in Brazil's low-income migrants

Este artigo tem por objetivo compreender o entrelaçamento da cultura com reações psicológicas de indivíduos expostos ao processo de migração e estabelecer relações entre o fenômeno da migração e adoecimento psicossomático. O enfoque metodológico é essencialmente qualitativo, baseado em representações sociais de pacientes migrantes e da equipe de funcionários e profissionais de um centro de saúde do município próximo de Campinas. A análise demonstrou que a migração era percebida negativamente, como uma causadora de doenças quando havia perda do emprego/renda e fragmentação de laços familiares e comunitários. Se tais elementos estavam estabilizados, fatores estressantes do cotidiano permaneciam mascarados (mantidos fora da consciência) e a piora da saúde não era atribuída à migração ou à qualidade de vida. O problema da migração e doença, pela perspectiva do centro de saúde, incluía abordagem terapêutica exclusivamente biológica sem outra perspectiva que contribuísse para os sujeitos assimilarem as novas condições de vida num novo ambiente sócio-cultural.<br>This paper aims to debate relations between culture and psychological reactions of individuals exposed to the process of migration and to establish relations between migration and psychosomatic sickening. The methodological approach is essentially qualitative and based on social representations of migrant patients, staff and professionals of a public health unit near Campinas. The analysis demonstrated that migration was negatively experienced as producing ailments when loss of job/income, break of family/community ties was involved. When these elements were stabilized, stressful factors of daily life remained covered (out of conscience) and worsening in health condition was attributed neither to migration nor to life quality. The problem of migration and ailments, from the health center perspective, involved merely biological procedures and did not include additional perspectives to help patients to assimilate their new life conditions in a new social environment

The disintegration of a socialist exemplar: discourses on urban disorder in Alexanderplatz, Berlin

A large public square in Berlin's eastern part, Alexanderplatz was rebuilt in the 1960s as an exemplar of socialist planning. In the 1990s, it became a problem for urban planners and ordinary Berliners. Drawing on ethnographic material, the author offers a multifaceted account of how disorder is experienced, governed, and materialized in Alexanderplatz. Talk about disorder has provided a way of discussing the dislocations accompanying unification and the vanishing of a socialist ideal. But it may also be understood as a commentary on the perceived failures of government and the social. These discourses involve two distinct conceptions of “society” and “the social.” One is a familiar notion of the social as a problem space; the other is a utopian notion of society as an unattained ideal, characteristic of state socialism. The author suggests how attempts to create order, such as the new design proposed for Alexanderplatz, can appear to produce the disorder they proclaimed to contain