2,383 research outputs found
The Boltzmann-Grad limit of the periodic Lorentz gas in two space dimensions
The periodic Lorentz gas is the dynamical system corresponding to the free
motion of a point particle in a periodic system of fixed spherical obstacles of
radius centered at the integer points, assuming all collisions of the
particle with the obstacles to be elastic. In this Note, we study this motion
on time intervals of order and in the limit as , in the case of
two space dimensions
On the distribution of free-path lengths for the periodic Lorentz gas III
In a flat 2-torus with a disk of diameter removed, let be the
distribution of free-path lengths (the probability that a segment of length
larger than with uniformly distributed origin and direction does not meet
the disk).
We prove that behaves like for each
and in the limit as , in some appropriate sense.
We then discuss the implications of this result in the context of kinetic
theory.Comment: 26 pages, 5 figures, to be published in Commun. Math. Phy
Euclidean random matching in 2D for non-constant densities
We consider the 2-dimensional random matching problem in In a
challenging paper, Caracciolo et. al. arXiv:1402.6993 on the basis of a subtle
linearization of the Monge Ampere equation, conjectured that the expected value
of the square of the Wasserstein distance, with exponent between two
samples of uniformly distributed points in the unit square is plus corrections, while the expected value of the square of the Wasserstein
distance between one sample of uniformly distributed points and the uniform
measure on the square is . These conjectures has been proved by
Ambrosio et al. arXiv:1611.04960.
Here we consider the case in which the points are sampled from a non uniform
density. For first we give formal arguments leading to the conjecture that if
the density is regular and positive in a regular, bounded and connected domain
in the plane, then the leading term of the expected values of the
Wasserstein distances are exactly the same as in the case of uniform density,
but for the multiplicative factor equal to the measure of .
We do not prove these results but, in the case in which the domain is a
square, we prove estimates from above that coincides with the conjectured
result.Comment: 14 pages, 3 figure
Voluntary Societies and Urban Elites in 19th Century Italy
Paper given at European History [E-seminars
Language Trees and Zipping
In this letter we present a very general method to extract information from a
generic string of characters, e.g. a text, a DNA sequence or a time series.
Based on data-compression techniques, its key point is the computation of a
suitable measure of the remoteness of two bodies of knowledge. We present the
implementation of the method to linguistic motivated problems, featuring highly
accurate results for language recognition, authorship attribution and language
classification.Comment: 5 pages, RevTeX4, 1 eps figure. In press in Phys. Rev. Lett. (January
2002
On the complete phase synchronization for the Kuramoto model in the mean-field limit
We study the Kuramoto model for coupled oscillators. For the case of
identical natural frequencies, we give a new proof of the complete frequency
synchronization for all initial data; extending this result to the continuous
version of the model, we manage to prove the complete phase synchronization for
any non-atomic measure-valued initial datum. We also discuss the relation
between the boundedness of the entropy and the convergence to an incoherent
state, for the case of non identical natural frequencies
Measuring complexity with zippers
Physics concepts have often been borrowed and independently developed by
other fields of science. In this perspective a significant example is that of
entropy in Information Theory. The aim of this paper is to provide a short and
pedagogical introduction to the use of data compression techniques for the
estimate of entropy and other relevant quantities in Information Theory and
Algorithmic Information Theory. We consider in particular the LZ77 algorithm as
case study and discuss how a zipper can be used for information extraction.Comment: 10 pages, 3 figure
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