Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw in patients with multiple myeloma

Purpose: To review the main clinical-radiographic, therapeutic, and preventive aspects of osteonecrosis related to intravenous bisphosphonate therapy in patients with multiple myeloma. Materials and methods: Between 2005 and 2006, we studied four patients with previous diagnosis of multiple myeloma treated with intravenous zoledronic acid, presenting nonhealing extraction sockets and intraoral exposed bone. We assessed the location of lesions, the relation with previous history of dento-alveolar surgery procedures, the clinical features, the treatments carried out, and the outcomes achieved. Results: All the patients were treated with chlorhexidine mouthwashes and oral amoxycilin-clavulanic acid for long periods of time. Two patients did not respond to the conservative management and needed surgical bone debridement. Conclusions: Dental extractions seem to contribute the development of osteonecrosis of the jaw in patients with multiple myeloma treated with intravenous bisphosphonate therapy. Whereas the pathologic mechanisms are not known, these patients should undergo frequent check-ups before, during, and after bisphosphonate therapy. The management must be symptomatic and palliative, including systemic antibiotics, control of pain, and chlorhexidine mouthwashes during long periods of time

Cicatriz fibrosa postquistecomía: importancia de la regeneración ósea guiada

El hueso es el único tejido del organismo capaz de regenerarse, es decir, se forma hueso nuevo que, tras un proceso de remodelado, será idéntico al preexistente. La regeneración tisular es la respuesta que consigue la restitutio ad integrum del tejido tras un trauma, a diferencia de la reparación, donde el tejido que se forma es un tejido cicatricial, con características diferentes al original

Down syndrome as risk factor for respiratory syncytial virus hospitalization : A prospective multicenter epidemiological study

Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infection in childhood, particularly in premature infants, is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. To compare the hospitalization rates due to RSV infection and severity of disease between infants with and without Down syndrome (DS) born at term and without other associated risk factors for severe RSV infection. In a prospective multicentre epidemiological study, 93 infants were included in the DS cohort and 68 matched by sex and data of birth (±1 week) and were followed up to 1 year of age and during a complete RSV season. The hospitalization rate for all acute respiratory infection was significantly higher in the DS cohort than in the non-DS cohort (44.1% vs 7.7%, P<.0001). Hospitalizations due to RSV were significantly more frequent in the DH cohort than in the non-DS cohort (9.7% vs 1.5%, P=.03). RSV prophylaxis was recorded in 33 (35.5%) infants with DS. The rate of hospitalization according to presence or absence of RSV immunoprophylaxis was 3.0% vs 15%, respectively. Infants with DS showed a higher rate of hospitalization due to acute lower respiratory tract infection and RSV infection compared to non-DS infants. Including DS infants in recommendations for immunoprophylaxis of RSV disease should be considered