3,607 research outputs found
Fermion localization on degenerate and critical branes
In this work we analyze the localization of fermions on degenerate and
critical Bloch branes. This is done directly on physical coordinates, in
constrast to some works that has been using conformal coordinates. We find the
range of coupling constants of the interaction of fermions with the scalar
fields that allow us to have normalizable fermion zero-mode localized on the
brane on both, critical and degenerate Bloch branes. In the case of critical
branes our results agree with those found in [Class. Quantum Grav. \textbf{27}
(2010) 185001]. The results on fermion localization on degenerate Bloch branes
are new. We also propose a coupling of fermions to the scalar fields which
leads to localization of massless fermion on both sides of a double-brane.Comment: 16 pages, 6 figure
Rotational Symmetry of Classical Orbits, Arbitrary Quantization of Angular Momentum and the Role of Gauge Field in Two-Dimensional Space
We study the quantum-classical correspondence in terms of coherent wave
functions of a charged particle in two-dimensional central-scalar-potentials as
well as the gauge field of a magnetic flux in the sense that the probability
clouds of wave functions are well localized on classical orbits. For both
closed and open classical orbits, the non-integer angular-momentum quantization
with the level-space of angular momentum being greater or less than is
determined uniquely by the same rotational symmetry of classical orbits and
probability clouds of coherent wave functions, which is not necessarily
-periodic. The gauge potential of a magnetic flux impenetrable to the
particle cannot change the quantization rule but is able to shift the spectrum
of canonical angular momentum by a flux-dependent value, which results in a
common topological phase for all wave functions in the given model. The quantum
mechanical model of anyon proposed by Wilczek (Phys. Rev. Lette. 48, 1144)
becomes a special case of the arbitrary-quantization.Comment: 6 pages, 5 figure
On Coordinate Transformations in Planar Noncommutative Theories
We consider planar noncommutative theories such that the coordinates verify a
space-dependent commutation relation. We show that, in some special cases, new
coordinates may be introduced that have a constant commutator, and as a
consequence the construction of Field Theory models may be carried out by an
application of the standard Moyal approach in terms of the new coordinates. We
apply these ideas to the concrete example of a noncommutative plane with a
curved interface. We also show how to extend this method to more general
situations.Comment: 20 pages, 1 figure. references adde
Domain wall brane in squared curvature gravity
We suggest a thick braneworld model in the squared curvature gravity theory.
Despite the appearance of higher order derivatives, the localization of gravity
and various bulk matter fields is shown to be possible. The existence of the
normalizable gravitational zero mode indicates that our four-dimensional
gravity is reproduced. In order to localize the chiral fermions on the brane,
two types of coupling between the fermions and the brane forming scalar is
introduced. The first coupling leads us to a Schr\"odinger equation with a
volcano potential, and the other a P\"oschl-Teller potential. In both cases,
the zero mode exists only for the left-hand fermions. Several massive KK states
of the fermions can be trapped on the brane, either as resonant states or as
bound states.Comment: 18 pages, 5 figures and 1 table, references added, improved version
to be published in JHE
Extraordinarily transparent compact metallic metamaterials
The design of achromatic optical components requires materials with high transparency and low dispersion. We show that although metals are highly opaque, densely packed arrays of metallic nanoparticles can be more transparent to infrared radiation than dielectrics such as germanium, even when the arrays are over 75% metal by volume. Such arrays form effective dielectrics that are virtually dispersion-free over ultra-broadband ranges of wavelengths from microns up to millimeters or more. Furthermore, the local refractive indices may be tuned by altering the size, shape, and spacing of the nanoparticles, allowing the design of gradient-index lenses that guide and focus light on the microscale. The electric field is also strongly concentrated in the gaps between the metallic nanoparticles, and the simultaneous focusing and squeezing of the electric field produces strong ‘doubly-enhanced’ hotspots which could boost measurements made using infrared spectroscopy and other non-linear processes over a broad range of frequencies
Paleotsunami evidence in the Bahía Inglesa coast (Atacama, Chile) based on a multi-approach analysis
The Atacama coast is located in an area with a current high risk of tsunami, and the sedimentary deposits found in the Bahía Inglesa area, in the Morro sector, clearly indicate that this was also the case in the past. This investigation analyzes a paleotsunami sedimentary deposit consisting of a block field associated with three sand lobes oriented towards land on top of a marine terrace at an altitude of 70–75 m, which originated from a tsunamigenic event occurred between interglacial periods MIS 7 (ca. 210 ± 10 ky) and MIS5e (ca. 125 ± 5 ky). The deposits have been studied using a multiple approach combining geomorphological, sedimentological, biological, and geochemical criteria. The first type of criteria clearly indicate that the energy required to move the blocks and form the sand lobes could only have been generated by a tsunami. Sedimentological criteria constitute direct evidences of a marine origin due to the presence of siliceous remains from diatom species and spicules from strictly marine sponges, while geochemical criteria, such as the stable isotope signature and chemical composition, constitute evidence of a marine intrusion. © 2022, The Author(s)
Mice lacking NF-κB1 exhibit marked DNA damage responses and more severe gastric pathology in response to intraperitoneal tamoxifen administration
Tamoxifen (TAM) has recently been shown to cause acute gastric atrophy and metaplasia in mice. We have previously demonstrated that the outcome of Helicobacter felis infection, which induces similar gastric lesions in mice, is altered by deletion of specific NF-κB subunits. Nfkb1-/- mice developed more severe gastric atrophy than wild-type (WT) mice 6 weeks after H. felis infection. In contrast, Nfkb2-/- mice were protected from this pathology. We therefore hypothesized that gastric lesions induced by TAM may be similarly regulated by signaling via NF-κB subunits. Groups of five female C57BL/6 (WT), Nfkb1-/-, Nfkb2-/- and c-Rel-/- mice were administered 150 mg/kg TAM by IP injection. Seventy-two hours later, gastric corpus tissues were taken for quantitative histological assessment. In addition, groups of six female WT and Nfkb1-/- mice were exposed to 12 Gy γ-irradiation. Gastric epithelial apoptosis was quantified 6 and 48 h after irradiation. TAM induced gastric epithelial lesions in all strains of mice, but this was more severe in Nfkb1-/- mice than in WT mice. Nfkb1-/- mice exhibited more severe parietal cell loss than WT mice, had increased gastric epithelial expression of Ki67 and had an exaggerated gastric epithelial DNA damage response as quantified by γH2AX. To investigate whether the difference in gastric epithelial DNA damage response of Nfkb1-/- mice was unique to TAM-induced DNA damage or a generic consequence of DNA damage, we also assessed gastric epithelial apoptosis following γ-irradiation. Six hours after γ-irradiation, gastric epithelial apoptosis was increased in the gastric corpus and antrum of Nfkb1-/- mice. NF-κB1-mediated signaling regulates the development of gastric mucosal pathology following TAM administration. This is associated with an exaggerated gastric epithelial DNA damage response. This aberrant response appears to reflect a more generic sensitization of the gastric mucosa of Nfkb1-/- mice to DNA damage
Fermion localization on branes with generalized dynamics
In this letter we consider a specific model of braneworld with nonstandard
dynamics diffused in the literature, specifically we focus our attention on the
matter energy density, the energy of system, the Ricci scalar and the thin
brane limit. As the model is classically stable and capable of localize
gravity, as a natural extension we address the issue of fermion localization of
fermions on a thick brane constructed out from one scalar field with
nonstandard kinetic terms coupled with gravity. The contribution of the
nonstandard kinetic terms in the problem of fermion localization is analyzed.
It is found that the simplest Yukawa coupling support
the localization of fermions on the thick brane. It is shown that the zero mode
for left-handed can be localized on the thick brane depending on the values for
the coupling constant .Comment: 6 pages, 3 figure
Intersecting Flavor Branes
We consider an instance of the AdS/CFT duality where the bulk theory contains
an open string tachyon, and study the instability from the viewpoint of the
boundary field theory. We focus on the specific example of the AdS_5 X S^5
background with two probe D7 branes intersecting at general angles. For generic
angles supersymmetry is completely broken and there is an open string tachyon
between the branes. The field theory action for this system is obtained by
coupling to N =4 super Yang-Mills two N =2 hyper multiplets in the fundamental
representation of the SU(N) gauge group, but with different choices of
embedding of the two N=2 subalgebras into N=4. On the field theory side we find
a one-loop Coleman-Weinberg instability in the effective potential for the
fundamental scalars. We identify a mesonic operator as the dual of the open
string tachyon. By AdS/CFT, we predict the tachyon mass for small 't Hooft
coupling (large bulk curvature) and confirm that it violates the AdS stability
bound.Comment: 36 page
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