The relevance of learning quantum physics from the perspective of the secondary school student: A case study

Studying quantum physics in upper secondary school is now a standard practice (Stadermann et al., 2019). But given the context of science education, with low recruitment numbers in higher education and poor attitudes towards science, it remains a question whether students find the learning of quantum physics relevant. In this study, we explore how students perceive the importance of quantum physics and technology and whether their perception changes after an intervention, namely the "Quantum Rules!" visit. We also aim to understand if they overall feel that learning quantum is relevant or not. In order to answer these questions, we followed a mixed-methods approach, combining both questionnaires and interviews. The quantitative analysis showed that the "Quantum Rules!" intervention has a positive effect on students' perception of the relevance of quantum physics and technology, especially regarding how important they feel quantum science is for society. Nevertheless, the qualitative information revealed that although students may find quantum physics and technology important for society, that does not necessarily mean that they find learning quantum physics relevant. We found that students believe the latter is relevant to them only if they find it interesting. We therefore rediscover the common expression "important, but not for me," and we further propose that this perception derives from students not seeing the societal relevance of learning quantum physics.Comment: Published in http://scimath.net/articles/81/814.pd

Repositie van supracondylaire humerusfracturen middels een tijdelijke Kirschner-draad

* Abstract Closed reduction and percutaneous pinning have become the standard method of treatment of displaced supracondylar humeral fractures in children. Precise anatomical reduction is crucial in order to get good treat­ ment results. Traditional closed reduction can be challenging for these multidirectional, unstable fractures. Our goal is to point out a closed reduction method for the treatment of displaced supracondylar humeral fractures using a temporal Kirschner­wire which is positioned in the proximal humeral fragment. This tech nique could reduce the amount of conversions to open reposition * Samenvatting Instabiele gedislokeerde supracondylaire humerusfracturen bij kinderen worden in opzet behandeld met gesloten repositie en fixatie middels Kirschner­draden. Het functionele resultaat is mede afhankelijk van een adequate repositie. Deze repositie kan met de conventionele repositiemethode lastig zijn bij deze soms multidirectioneel instabiele fracturen bij jonge kinderen. Het artikel beschrijft, aan de hand van een casus, een methode waarbij gebruik wordt gemaakt van een tijdelijke Kirschner­draad in het proximale humerusfragment. Zodra, middels manipulatie, de adequate repositie is bereikt wordt de fractuur op de gebruikelijke manier gefixeerd en de tijdelijke Kirschner­draad verwijderd. Deze techniek zou kunnen bijdragen aan het verkleinen van het aantal conversies naar een open repositie

Eruption of kimberlite magmas: physical volcanology, geomorphology and age of the youngest kimberlitic volcanoes known on earth (the Upper Pleistocene/ Holocene Igwisi Hills volcanoes, Tanzania)

The Igwisi Hills volcanoes (IHV), Tanzania, are unique and important in preserving extra-crater lavas and pyroclastic edifices. They provide critical insights into the eruptive behaviour of kimberlite magmas that are not available at other known kimberlite volcanoes. Cosmogenic 3He dating of olivine crystals from IHV lavas and palaeomagnetic analyses indicates that they are Upper Pleistocene to Holocene in age. This makes them the youngest known kimberlite bodies on Earth by >30 Ma and may indicate a new phase of kimberlite volcanism on the Tanzania craton. Geological mapping, Global Positioning System surveying and field investigations reveal that each volcano comprises partially eroded pyroclastic edifices, craters and lavas. The volcanoes stand 102 to 106 Pa s) for kimberlite, attributed to degassing and in-vent cooling. Each volcano is inferred to be the result of a small-volume, short-lived (days to weeks) monogenetic eruption. The eruptive processes of each Igwisi volcano were broadly similar and developed through three phases: (1) fallout of lithic-bearing pyroclastic rocks during explosive excavation of craters and conduits; (2) fallout of juvenile lapilli from unsteady eruption columns and the construction of pyroclastic edifices around the vent; and (3) effusion of degassed viscous magma as lava flows. These processes are similar to those observed for other small-volume monogenetic eruptions (e.g. of basaltic magma)

Effect of process conditions on the performance of a dual-reactor biodesulfurization process

The biotechnological gas desulfurization process under haloalkaline conditions is widely applied for removal of toxic H2S from sour gas streams. In this process H2S is biologically oxidized into elemental sulfur. Recently, the process has been extended with an anaerobic process step (dual-reactor line-up), increasing the selectivity for elemental sulfur (S8) from ~85–97% and decreasing the formation of (thio)sulfate. It was also found that biological sulfide uptake took place in the anaerobic bioreactor. In order to apply this process in industry, more insight is needed of the effect of the process conditions on the process performance. The effect of the process conditions HRT and sulfide concentration in the anaerobic bioreactor and pH on the overall product selectivities and on biological sulfide uptake in the anaerobic bioreactor were investigated. 7 experiments were performed in a pilot-scale biodesulfurization set-up. In all experiments, high selectivities (>95%) for S8 formation were obtained, except when the pH in the aerated bioreactor was increased from 8.5 to 9.1 (selectivity of 88%). Furthermore, biological sulfide uptake in the anaerobic bioreactor increased at higher sulfide concentrations and at higher pH. We hypothesize the biological sulfide uptake under anaerobic conditions is related to polysulfide formation. Our results increase the understanding how to control biological sulfide conversion in the dual-reactor biodesulfurization process

Short-term Quality of Life after Autologous Compared to Alloplastic Breast Reconstruction:A Prospective Study

BACKGROUND: The aim of this prospective multi-center study was to evaluate whether autologous breast reconstruction (BR) leads to lower short-term Quality of Life (QoL) compared to alloplastic BR, due the more physically demanding surgery and increased risk of severe complications of autologous BR.METHODS: Changes in QoL following BR were measured in this prospective multi-center study using the Breast-Q questionnaire which was administered preoperatively, and at six weeks and six months postoperatively. Characteristics and complications, classified according to Clavien-Dindo (CD), were compared between alloplastic and autologous groups. Profile plots and generalized Linear regression models were constructed to analyze the Breast-Q subscales over time for both BR groups.RESULTS: Preoperatively, women undergoing autologous BR scored lower on all Breast-Q scales compared to women undergoing alloplastic BR, regardless whether they underwent immediate or delayed BR. Women undergoing autologous BR scored higher at six weeks and six months postoperative on "satisfaction with breasts" (p=0.001), "psychosocial well-being" (p=0.024) and "sexual well-being" (p=0.007). Postoperative "physical well-being: chest" was similar between both groups (p=0.533). CD grade ≥III complications occurred more often among women in the autologous group (27% versus 12%, p=0.042). Complications were not associated with worse Breast-Q scores on any of the subscales.CONCLUSION: In contrast to our expectations and despite the higher incidence of severe complications and lower preoperative breast satisfaction and QoL scores, women undergoing autologous BR have higher levels of breast satisfaction, and psychosocial and sexual well-being, both at six weeks and six months after BR compared to women undergoing alloplastic BR.</p

Short-term Quality of Life after Autologous Compared to Alloplastic Breast Reconstruction:A Prospective Study

BACKGROUND: The aim of this prospective multi-center study was to evaluate whether autologous breast reconstruction (BR) leads to lower short-term Quality of Life (QoL) compared to alloplastic BR, due the more physically demanding surgery and increased risk of severe complications of autologous BR.METHODS: Changes in QoL following BR were measured in this prospective multi-center study using the Breast-Q questionnaire which was administered preoperatively, and at six weeks and six months postoperatively. Characteristics and complications, classified according to Clavien-Dindo (CD), were compared between alloplastic and autologous groups. Profile plots and generalized Linear regression models were constructed to analyze the Breast-Q subscales over time for both BR groups.RESULTS: Preoperatively, women undergoing autologous BR scored lower on all Breast-Q scales compared to women undergoing alloplastic BR, regardless whether they underwent immediate or delayed BR. Women undergoing autologous BR scored higher at six weeks and six months postoperative on "satisfaction with breasts" (p=0.001), "psychosocial well-being" (p=0.024) and "sexual well-being" (p=0.007). Postoperative "physical well-being: chest" was similar between both groups (p=0.533). CD grade ≥III complications occurred more often among women in the autologous group (27% versus 12%, p=0.042). Complications were not associated with worse Breast-Q scores on any of the subscales.CONCLUSION: In contrast to our expectations and despite the higher incidence of severe complications and lower preoperative breast satisfaction and QoL scores, women undergoing autologous BR have higher levels of breast satisfaction, and psychosocial and sexual well-being, both at six weeks and six months after BR compared to women undergoing alloplastic BR.</p

Short-term Quality of Life after Autologous Compared to Alloplastic Breast Reconstruction:A Prospective Study

BACKGROUND: The aim of this prospective multi-center study was to evaluate whether autologous breast reconstruction (BR) leads to lower short-term Quality of Life (QoL) compared to alloplastic BR, due the more physically demanding surgery and increased risk of severe complications of autologous BR.METHODS: Changes in QoL following BR were measured in this prospective multi-center study using the Breast-Q questionnaire which was administered preoperatively, and at six weeks and six months postoperatively. Characteristics and complications, classified according to Clavien-Dindo (CD), were compared between alloplastic and autologous groups. Profile plots and generalized Linear regression models were constructed to analyze the Breast-Q subscales over time for both BR groups.RESULTS: Preoperatively, women undergoing autologous BR scored lower on all Breast-Q scales compared to women undergoing alloplastic BR, regardless whether they underwent immediate or delayed BR. Women undergoing autologous BR scored higher at six weeks and six months postoperative on "satisfaction with breasts" (p=0.001), "psychosocial well-being" (p=0.024) and "sexual well-being" (p=0.007). Postoperative "physical well-being: chest" was similar between both groups (p=0.533). CD grade ≥III complications occurred more often among women in the autologous group (27% versus 12%, p=0.042). Complications were not associated with worse Breast-Q scores on any of the subscales.CONCLUSION: In contrast to our expectations and despite the higher incidence of severe complications and lower preoperative breast satisfaction and QoL scores, women undergoing autologous BR have higher levels of breast satisfaction, and psychosocial and sexual well-being, both at six weeks and six months after BR compared to women undergoing alloplastic BR.</p

Short-term Quality of Life after Autologous Compared to Alloplastic Breast Reconstruction:A Prospective Study

BACKGROUND: The aim of this prospective multi-center study was to evaluate whether autologous breast reconstruction (BR) leads to lower short-term Quality of Life (QoL) compared to alloplastic BR, due the more physically demanding surgery and increased risk of severe complications of autologous BR.METHODS: Changes in QoL following BR were measured in this prospective multi-center study using the Breast-Q questionnaire which was administered preoperatively, and at six weeks and six months postoperatively. Characteristics and complications, classified according to Clavien-Dindo (CD), were compared between alloplastic and autologous groups. Profile plots and generalized Linear regression models were constructed to analyze the Breast-Q subscales over time for both BR groups.RESULTS: Preoperatively, women undergoing autologous BR scored lower on all Breast-Q scales compared to women undergoing alloplastic BR, regardless whether they underwent immediate or delayed BR. Women undergoing autologous BR scored higher at six weeks and six months postoperative on "satisfaction with breasts" (p=0.001), "psychosocial well-being" (p=0.024) and "sexual well-being" (p=0.007). Postoperative "physical well-being: chest" was similar between both groups (p=0.533). CD grade ≥III complications occurred more often among women in the autologous group (27% versus 12%, p=0.042). Complications were not associated with worse Breast-Q scores on any of the subscales.CONCLUSION: In contrast to our expectations and despite the higher incidence of severe complications and lower preoperative breast satisfaction and QoL scores, women undergoing autologous BR have higher levels of breast satisfaction, and psychosocial and sexual well-being, both at six weeks and six months after BR compared to women undergoing alloplastic BR.</p

Short-term Quality of Life after Autologous Compared to Alloplastic Breast Reconstruction:A Prospective Study

BACKGROUND: The aim of this prospective multi-center study was to evaluate whether autologous breast reconstruction (BR) leads to lower short-term Quality of Life (QoL) compared to alloplastic BR, due the more physically demanding surgery and increased risk of severe complications of autologous BR.METHODS: Changes in QoL following BR were measured in this prospective multi-center study using the Breast-Q questionnaire which was administered preoperatively, and at six weeks and six months postoperatively. Characteristics and complications, classified according to Clavien-Dindo (CD), were compared between alloplastic and autologous groups. Profile plots and generalized Linear regression models were constructed to analyze the Breast-Q subscales over time for both BR groups.RESULTS: Preoperatively, women undergoing autologous BR scored lower on all Breast-Q scales compared to women undergoing alloplastic BR, regardless whether they underwent immediate or delayed BR. Women undergoing autologous BR scored higher at six weeks and six months postoperative on "satisfaction with breasts" (p=0.001), "psychosocial well-being" (p=0.024) and "sexual well-being" (p=0.007). Postoperative "physical well-being: chest" was similar between both groups (p=0.533). CD grade ≥III complications occurred more often among women in the autologous group (27% versus 12%, p=0.042). Complications were not associated with worse Breast-Q scores on any of the subscales.CONCLUSION: In contrast to our expectations and despite the higher incidence of severe complications and lower preoperative breast satisfaction and QoL scores, women undergoing autologous BR have higher levels of breast satisfaction, and psychosocial and sexual well-being, both at six weeks and six months after BR compared to women undergoing alloplastic BR.</p

Short-term Quality of Life after Autologous Compared to Alloplastic Breast Reconstruction:A Prospective Study

BACKGROUND: The aim of this prospective multi-center study was to evaluate whether autologous breast reconstruction (BR) leads to lower short-term Quality of Life (QoL) compared to alloplastic BR, due the more physically demanding surgery and increased risk of severe complications of autologous BR.METHODS: Changes in QoL following BR were measured in this prospective multi-center study using the Breast-Q questionnaire which was administered preoperatively, and at six weeks and six months postoperatively. Characteristics and complications, classified according to Clavien-Dindo (CD), were compared between alloplastic and autologous groups. Profile plots and generalized Linear regression models were constructed to analyze the Breast-Q subscales over time for both BR groups.RESULTS: Preoperatively, women undergoing autologous BR scored lower on all Breast-Q scales compared to women undergoing alloplastic BR, regardless whether they underwent immediate or delayed BR. Women undergoing autologous BR scored higher at six weeks and six months postoperative on "satisfaction with breasts" (p=0.001), "psychosocial well-being" (p=0.024) and "sexual well-being" (p=0.007). Postoperative "physical well-being: chest" was similar between both groups (p=0.533). CD grade ≥III complications occurred more often among women in the autologous group (27% versus 12%, p=0.042). Complications were not associated with worse Breast-Q scores on any of the subscales.CONCLUSION: In contrast to our expectations and despite the higher incidence of severe complications and lower preoperative breast satisfaction and QoL scores, women undergoing autologous BR have higher levels of breast satisfaction, and psychosocial and sexual well-being, both at six weeks and six months after BR compared to women undergoing alloplastic BR.</p