Dentin Hypersensitivity Before and After Periodontal Treatment

Svrha: Želio se procijeniti intenzitet dentinske preosjetljivosti prije postupaka supragingivne i subgingivne instrumentacije i nakon njih. Materijal i metode: Bio je odabran prikladan uzorak od 200 ispitanika obaju spolova u dobi od 18 do 71 godine, a dijagnosticiran im je bio marginalni gingivitis, gingivna recesija i umjeren i/ili izrazit kronični parodontitis. Preosjetljivost je ustanovljena kliničkim pregledom te izmjerena mehanički provlačenjem sonde preko izloženog dentina i toplinskim podražajima – mlazom zraka iz pustera na osjetljivim područjima. Rezultati: Otkriveno je nekoliko vrsta preosjetljivosti kod istog pojedinca, a najčešća je bila preosjetljivost dentina u području korijena zuba. Najviše ispitanika bolovalo je od kroničnog parodontitisa, najčešće su imali više od pet preosjetljivih zuba, a povećana preosjetljivost bila je zabilježena nakon supragingivne i subgingivne instrumentacije. Sekundarni čimbenici koji su pojačavali osjetljivost i sve varijable vezane uz preosjetljivost, statistički su značajni (p<0,05). Zaključak: Preosjetljivost je česta kod pacijenata s parodontnom bolešću, a izraženija je nakon inicijalne parodontne terapije te kada je udružena s ostalim lokalnim čimbenicima.Objective: To evaluate the intensity of dentin hypersensitivity before and after the procedures of supragingival and subgingival instrumentation. Method: The convenience sample consisted of 200 patients of both genders, aged 18-71 years, who had chronic marginal gingivitis, gingival recession and moderate and/or severe chronic periodontitis. The hypersensitivity was diagnosed by clinical examination and measured by means of mechanical (dragging the probe over the exposed dentin) and thermal (air blast from a triple syringe) stimuli in sensitive areas. Results: The data revealed several types of hypersensitivity in the same individual, with the highest percentage in the tooth root; the largest percentage in the sample had chronic periodontitis; most patients had more than five hypersensitive teeth; increased hypersensitivity was found after supragingival and subgingival instrumentation; the presence of secondary factors exacerbating the sensitivity was recorded; and all variables associated with hypersensitivity had statistical significance (p <0.05). Conclusion: It is concluded that hypersensitivity is a common condition in patients with periodontal disease, which is more pronounced after initial periodontal therapy and when associated with other local factors

Hyperbaric oxygen prevents early death caused by experimental cerebral malaria

Background: Cerebral malaria (CM) is a syndrome characterized by neurological signs, seizures and coma. Despite the fact that CM presents similarities with cerebral stroke, few studies have focused on new supportive therapies for the disease. Hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy has been successfully used in patients with numerous brain disorders such as stroke, migraine and atherosclerosis. Methodology/Principal Findings: C57BL/6 mice infected with Plasmodium berghei ANKA (PbA) were exposed to daily doses of HBO (100% O-2, 3.0 ATA, 1-2 h per day) in conditions well-tolerated by humans and animals, before or after parasite establishment. Cumulative survival analyses demonstrated that HBO therapy protected 50% of PbA-infected mice and delayed CM-specific neurological signs when administrated after patent parasitemia. Pressurized oxygen therapy reduced peripheral parasitemia, expression of TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma and IL-10 mRNA levels and percentage of gamma delta and alpha beta CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes sequestered in mice brains, thus resulting in a reduction of blood-brain barrier (BBB)dysfunction and hypothermia. Conclusions/Significance: The data presented here is the first indication that HBO treatment could be used as supportive therapy, perhaps in association with neuroprotective drugs, to prevent CM clinical outcomes, including death39CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO - CNPQCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DE PESSOAL DE NÍVEL SUPERIOR - CAPESFUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULO - FAPESPsem informaçãosem informação2004/00638-

Effect of Quality of Dental Restorations and Time Elapsed Since Placement on Biofilm Retention

Svrha: U istraživanju se željela procijeniti povezanost zadržavanja biofilma i vremena proteklog otkako je postavljen na smolom restaurirane površine prednjih zuba. Metode: Uzorak se sastojao od 120 zuba 40 pacijenata obaju spolova u dobi između 16 i 60 godina. Ukupno je na njima bilo 230 restauriranih površina. Za mjerenje stupnja zadržavanja biofilma i površinske hrapavosti materijala te vrste kaviteta i rubova bili su potrebni indeks zadržavanja plaka i opseg restauracija (PRRI), a procjenjivala su se i vanjska svojstva preparacije kaviteta. Rezultati: Gotovo sve proučavane površine bile su postavljene prije jedne do pet godina. Najčešći PRRI za zadržavanje biofilma je bio II i IV, 83 posto uzoraka imalo je grubu površinu, a 46,5 posto kavitete II. razreda. subgingivno je bilo 62,2 posto rubova, a kod 38,6 posto zabilježen je višak korištenog restaurativnog materijala. Površinska hrapavost restauracije bila je usko povezana sa zadržavanjem biofilma i vremenom postavljanja (oba p<0,01). Vanjska svojstva restauracije (prekonturiranje, manjak materijala za restauraciju, spoj zub – restauracija) također su značajno bili povezani s vremenom proteklim od postavljanja (svi p<0,05). Zaključak: Vrijeme proteklo od postavljanja smolaste restauracije utječe na hrapavost površine i stupanj zadržavanja biofilma.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate associations of biofilm retention on resin-restored surfaces of anterior teeth with quality and time elapsed since placement. Methods: The study sample comprised 120 teeth with 230 restored surfaces in 40 patients of both sexes aged 16–60 years. The Plaque Retention and Extension in Restoration Index (PRRI) was used to measure the degree of biofilm retention, and the surface roughness of the material, cavity type and margins, and external cavity preparation characteristics were also evaluated. Results: Most surfaces analysed had been placed 1–5 years previously. The most prevalent PRRI biofilm retention scores were III and IV, 83.0% of samples presented surface roughness, 46.5% of cavities were class III, 62.2% of surfaces had subgingival margins, and 38.6% retained excessive restorative material. Surface roughness was significantly associated with the degree of biofilm retention and time elapsed since placement (both p < 0.01). Three external cavity preparation characteristics (over-contouring, lack of restorative material, tooth–restoration interface) were also associated significantly with the time elapsed since placement (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: The time elapsed since the placement of resin restorations influences surface roughness and the degree of biofilm retention

Immunization with the MAEBL M2 domain protects against lethal Plasmodium yoelii infection

FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOMalaria remains a world-threatening disease largely because of the lack of a long-lasting and fully effective vaccine. MAEBL is a type 1 transmembrane molecule with a chimeric cysteine-rich ectodomain homologous to regions of the Duffy binding-like erythrocyte binding protein and apical membrane antigen 1 (AMA1) antigens. Although MAEBL does not appear to be essential for the survival of blood-stage forms, ectodomains M1 and M2, homologous to AMA1, seem to be involved in parasite attachment to erythrocytes, especially M2. MAEBL is necessary for sporozoite infection of mosquito salivary glands and is expressed in liver stages. Here, the Plasmodium yoelii MAEBL-M2 domain was expressed in a prokaryotic vector. C57BL/6J mice were immunized with doses of P. yoelii recombinant protein rPyM2-MAEBL. High levels of antibodies, with balanced IgG1 and IgG2c subclasses, were achieved. rPyM2-MAEBL antisera were capable of recognizing the native antigen. Anti-MAEBL antibodies recognized different MAEBL fragments expressed in CHO cells, showing stronger IgM and IgG responses to the M2 domain and repeat region, respectively. After a challenge with P. yoelii YM (lethal strain)-infected erythrocytes (IE), up to 90% of the immunized animals survived and a reduction of parasitemia was observed. Moreover, splenocytes harvested from immunized animals proliferated in a dose-dependent manner in the presence of rPyM2-MAEBL. Protection was highly dependent on CD4(+), but not CD8(+), T cells toward Th1. rPyM2-MAEBL antisera were also able to significantly inhibit parasite development, as observed in ex vivo P. yoelii erythrocyte invasion assays. Collectively, these findings support the use of MAEBL as a vaccine candidate and open perspectives to understand the mechanisms involved in protection.Malaria remains a world-threatening disease largely because of the lack of a long-lasting and fully effective vaccine. MAEBL is a type 1 transmembrane molecule with a chimeric cysteine-rich ectodomain homologous to regions of the Duffy binding-like erythr831037813792FAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOFAPESP - FUNDAÇÃO DE AMPARO À PESQUISA DO ESTADO DE SÃO PAULOCNPQ - CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICOsem informaçãosem informaçã

Vivências dos alunos da fisioterapia na atenção primária com mulheres da comunidade do Bairro Alto: Relato de Experiência

Objetivo: Relatar a experiência dos alunos do 4º período, do curso de fisioterapia da Universidade Federal do Paraná em atividades de promoção de saúde e prevenção de doenças realizadas com um grupo de mulheres na comunidade do Bairro alto. Métodos: Foram realizados treze encontros que incluíam rodas de conversa e atividades que buscavam informar sobre temas relacionados à saúde e prevenir o aparecimento de disfunções. Cada encontro possuía uma rotina de aferição da pressão arterial (PA) no início e no final das atividades e era liderado por um aluno que realizava rodas de conversa sobre o tema em questão, além de propor exercícios de alongamento, fortalecimento e/ou aeróbio. Ao final de cada encontro era entregue um folder com informações referentes ao tema abordado. Resultados: Durante os encontros foi possível ampliar a visão biopsicossocial dos alunos em relação à atenção primária, em especial dos usuários da Unidade de Saúde do Bairro Alto. Além entrelaçar os saberes interdisciplinares aplicando-os nas vivências com a comunidade, promovendo aos discentes crescimento profissional e pessoal. Conclusão: Através deste estudo os discentes adquiriram maior conhecimento com relação à atenção primária, por meio da experiência enriquecedora da vivência prática