Structure of the doublet bands in doubly odd nuclei: The case of 128Cs^{128}Cs

The structure of the $\Delta J = 1$ doublet bands in $^{128}Cs$ is investigated within the framework of the Interacting Vector Boson Fermion Model (IVBFM). A new, purely collective interpretation of these bands is given on the basis of the used boson-fermion dynamical symmetry of the model. The energy levels of the doublet bands as well as the absolute $B(E2)$ and $B(M1)$ transition probabilities between the states of both yrast and yrare bands are described quite well. The observed odd-even staggering of both $B(M1)$ and $B(E2)$ values is reproduced by the introduction of an appropriate interaction term of quadrupole type, which produces such a staggering effect in the transition strengths. The calculations show that the appearance of doublet bands in certain odd-odd nuclei could be a consequence of the realization of a larger dynamical symmetry based on the non-compact supersymmetry group $OSp(2\Omega /12, R)$.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figure

Letter from J.B. Brant to George Sibley, July 14, 1829

Transcript of Letter from J.B. Brant to George Sibley, July 14, 1829. Brant asks for documentation of expenses

RESEARCH PRODUCTIVITY AND SELECTED CHARACTERISTICS OF AGRICULTURAL ECONOMICS FACULTY IN THE SOUTHERN REGION: A QUARTER OF A CENTURY LATER

Productivity and characteristics of southern agricultural economics faculty was compared to other regional faculty. With few exceptions, faculty members in the Southern region are as productive as their counterparts. We also found that the majority of respondents in all regions considered themselves in the top-quartile in all areas.Teaching/Communication/Extension/Profession,

W&L Law Fall Scholarship Celebration 2019

On October 15, 2019, the Washington and Lee Law Library hosted the third bi-annual W&L Law Fall Scholarship Celebration. The event was co-sponsored by the Frances Lewis Law Center and took place in the Law Library\u27s main reading room from 4:30 to 6:30 p.m. On display were dozens of scholarly articles, books, and chapters authored by the W&L Law faculty and student body during 2018 and 2019, with hundreds of additional works accessible online through the Scholarly Commons institutional repository. Faculty, librarians, staff, and administrators mingled with law students over hors d\u27oeuvres and wine to peruse the formidable scholarly output of the W&L Law community. Spouses, alumni, faculty from W&L\u27s undergraduate campus, and others with ties to the University were also in attendance. Brant J. Hellwig, dean of W&L Law, and Christopher B. Seaman, director of the Frances Lewis Law Center, provided welcoming remarks introduced by W&L Law Library director Alex Zhang. The event program, which includes a list of the scholarship on display, is available to download in PDF. Photos taken at the event are also available to view in the W&L Law Scholarly Commons Image Gallery

Address by Professor David B. Wilkins, Washington and Lee University School of Law Commencement Exercises, May 5, 2018

Professor David B. Wilkins of Harvard Law School delivered an invited address to the Washington and Lee Law Class of 2018 at their commencement ceremony. Following the conclusion of the ceremony, Dean Brant Hellwig secured Professor Wilkins\u27 gracious permission to publish the address in the Washington and Lee Law Review, and provides a written introduction to Professor Wilkins\u27 speech here. Professor Wilkins undertook considerable research in crafting a commencement address that incorporated several prominent figures from the history W&L Law and the University. His speech highlighted not only the contributions of George Washington and Robert E. Lee, for whom the University is named, but also two of the Law School’s most prominent alumni: John W. Davis, former Solicitor General of the United States, President of the American Bar Association, and founder of the Davis Polk law firm; and Supreme Court Justice Lewis F. Powell, Jr

Fast pick up technique for high quality heterostructures of bilayer graphene and hexagonal boron nitride

We present a fast method to fabricate high quality heterostructure devices by picking up crystals of arbitrary sizes. Bilayer graphene is encapsulated with hexagonal boron nitride to demonstrate this approach, showing good electronic quality with mobilities ranging from 17 000 cm^2/V/s at room temperature to 49 000 cm^2/V/s at 4.2 K, and entering the quantum Hall regime below 0.5 T. This method provides a strong and useful tool for the fabrication of future high quality layered crystal devices.Comment: 5 pages, 3 figure

Controlling spin relaxation in hexagonal BN-encapsulated graphene with a transverse electric field

We experimentally study the electronic spin transport in hBN encapsulated single layer graphene nonlocal spin valves. The use of top and bottom gates allows us to control the carrier density and the electric field independently. The spin relaxation times in our devices range up to 2 ns with spin relaxation lengths exceeding 12 $\mu$m even at room temperature. We obtain that the ratio of the spin relaxation time for spins pointing out-of-plane to spins in-plane is $\tau_{\bot} / \tau_{||} \approx$ 0.75 for zero applied perpendicular electric field. By tuning the electric field this anisotropy changes to $\approx$0.65 at 0.7 V/nm, in agreement with an electric field tunable in-plane Rashba spin-orbit coupling

Social and Demographic Influences on Environmental Attitudes

Sociologists have studied environmental attitudes for over two decades. Much of this research has sought to determine what factors are related to these attitudes. Past research has shown that certain social and demographic variables tend to have a positive influence on environmentalism. One of the more valid and reliable indicators of environmentalism is the 12-item attitude scale known as the New Environmental Paradigm (NEP). That scale has been shown to consist of three sub-scales. This paper extends previous research by examining the relative influence of six independent variables (age, gender, race, education, income, and residence) on each of the sub-scales and the overall NEP scale. The analysis generally supports the hypotheses that younger people, women, whites, and people of higher education levels hold more environmental attitudes as measured by the NEP index. Income has a significant nonlinear effect

Electromagnetic Dipole Strength in Transitional Nuclei

Electromagnetic dipole absorption cross-sections of transitional nuclei with large-amplitude shape fluctuations are calculated in a microscopic way by introducing the concept of Instantaneous Shape Sampling. The concept bases on the slow shape dynamics as compared to the fast dipole vibrations. The elctromagnetic dipole strength is calculated by means of RPA for the instantaneous shapes, the probability of which is obtained by means of IBA. Very good agreement with the experimental absorption cross sections near the nucleon emission threshold is obtained.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figure

Litter controls of microbial community composition and function in forest soils

Most carbon (C) transformations in soil are carried out by a diverse and complex soil microbial community. The size and composition of the soil microbial community is determined by poorly understood interactions between the quantity and chemical composition of plant inputs, as well as climate. Given the metabolic diversity of soil microorganisms and functional overlap among distinct taxonomic groups, changes in microbial community composition do not necessarily lead to changes in microbial community function at the ecosystem scale. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of long-term manipulations of above- and belowground plant litter inputs to soil on the composition and function of the soil microbial community in forest ecosystems, as part of a larger detritus input and removal treatment experiment. In the first part of my study, soils from three very different forest ecosystems subjected to the same long-term C input manipulations were analyzed using phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) analysis to determine if there were changes in microbial community composition in response to litter input manipulations. This experiment also allowed me to examine if the observed changes were consistant across the three ecosystems sampled. In all three forest ecosystems, root exclusion led to changes in microbial community structure, whereas wood and litter input additions and exclusion did not change the microbial community composition. The soil without roots had a lower fungal:bacterial ratio; in addition, changes were found in the bacterial community, especially actinomycetes, even after accounting for the potential loss of mycorrhizal fungi due to root exclusion. Seasonal differences in the PLFA profile at one site were greater than any of the treatment differences, with the taxonomic biomarkers responsible for treatment differences varying by sampling date, underlining the importance of seasonal sampling. In the second part of my study soils from an old-growth Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii) - western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla) forest in the Oregon Cascades that has received seven years of either wood addition or root and litter input exclusion were incubated with 50 μg C g^(-1) soil universally 13C-labeled glucose, glutamate, oxalate, and phenol in a 14-day lab incubation. Changes in the rate and mechanism of substrate degradation were examined by following the 13C tracer into microbial respiration, as well as looking at incorporation of 13C into microbial biomass and PLFAs. Utilization of the four added substrates varied in soil of each litter manipulation treatment. Glucose and glutamate respiration rates were similar in soils from all three litter treatments, and were readily incorporated into all PLFA biomarkers. Higher rates of oxalate and phenol respiration were found in the soils with added wood and lower rates in the soils with litter and root exclusion, compared with the control soil. Phenol was utilized primarily by fungi, with little incorporation into any other PLFA biomarkers. The addition of each of the four substrates led to the enhanced degradation of soil organic matter (priming) in soils of all three litter treatments, and was greater following the addition of phenol and oxalate. Of the three litter teatments, priming was greatest in the soils with litter excluded. These results demonstrate that altering plant inputs to soil can lead to changes in microbial utilization of C compounds. In appears that many of the obseved C utilization differences are a result of changes in the size and composition of the fungal community