Static aeroelasticity of a composite oblique wing in transonic flows

One aircraft configuration that shows great promise in achieving high performance is that of an asymmetrically swept wing. When compared to conventional swept wings, these advantages include higher lift to drag ratios and reduced takeoff and landing speeds, which translate into greater performance in terms of fuel comsumption, loiter time, and range. However, the oblique wing has a number of disadvantages because of its asymmetric configuration. The question is how to best achieve maximum stability and roll equilibrium without compromising performance. Using aeroelastic tailoring to enhance aeroelastic stability and control has been demonstrated in several analyses, especially for the forward swept wing. The advantages and disadvantages for the oblique wing configuration are discussed

Segmented switchers and retailer pricing strategies

Empirical studies reveal a surprisingly wide variety of price promotion strategies among retailers, even among Internet sellers of undifferentiated homogenous goods such as books and music CD’s. Several empirical findings remain puzzling, particularly that within the same market some small retailers decide to deeply discount, while other small retailers forgo the price-sensitive switchers and price high to play their niche. We present theoretical and empirical analyses that address these varied pricing strategies. Our model of three asymmetric firms shows that under multiple switcher segments, where different switchers compare prices at different retailers, firm-specific loyalty is not sufficient to explain the variety of retailer pricing strategies. We demonstrate that a retailer’s pricing strategy is driven by the ratio of the size of switcher segments for which the retailer competes to its loyal segment size. The relative switcher-to-loyal ratios among retailers explain when a firm is more or less inclined to discount deeply or frequently. We thereby identify when a small firm finds it optimal to play the niche and price high, despite having few loyals, or to discount and go for the switchers. Our analysis reveals several interesting findings, such as a small firm that benefits from strategically limiting its access to switchers. The results of two empirical studies confirm our model’s predictions for varied retailer pricing strategies in the context of Internet booksellers

Aerolastic tailoring and integrated wing design

Much has been learned from the TSO optimization code over the years in determining aeroelastic tailoring's place in the integrated design process. Indeed, it has become apparent that aeroelastic tailoring is and should be deeply embedded in design. Aeroelastic tailoring can have tremendous effects on the design loads, and design loads affect every aspect of the design process. While optimization enables the evaluation of design sensitivities, valid computational simulations are required to make these sensitivities valid. Aircraft maneuvers simulated must adequately cover the plane's intended flight envelope, realistic design criteria must be included, and models among the various disciplines must be calibrated among themselves and with any hard-core (e.g., wind tunnel) data available. The information gained and benefits derived from aeroelastic tailoring provide a focal point for the various disciplines to become involved and communicate with one another to reach the best design possible

The Impact of Hosting a Major Sport Event on the South African Economy

The impact of the sporting industry on economic decision making has increased dramatically since the global media explosion in the 1980s. Tourism and advertising revenues generated by these mega-events have become a major boost to the economies of hosting nations. In addition, globalisation has placed great emphasis on the importance of foreign direct investment (FDI), especially to developing countries. This paper seeks to examine the impact of the pre-event phase expenditure attributed to the hosting of the 2010 FIFA World Cup on the South African economy. In this phase, expenditure is mainly geared towards the construction and improvement of infrastructure required to successfully host the event. Using a Computable General Equilibrium (CGE) model developed specifically for the South African economy, the impact of the pre-event phase on the local economy is measured. It is found that there is a positive impact on most macroeconomic variables, including GDP and employment. With the potential economic benefits of the event and post-event phases of the World Cup also taken into account, it can be concluded with relative certainty that the impact of hosting a mega-event on the South African economy is beneficial towards achieving higher economic growth and development. In addition to analysing the impact of the 2010 FIFA World Cup, the outcomes are also used to briefly examine the feasibility of South Africa’s bid to host the 2011 IRB World Cup and the 2016 Olympic Games.computable general equilibrium, mega-events, economic development

Principals of Biblical Interpretationin the Lutheran Confessions

Basic and preliminary to the above investigation, however, is an understanding of the principles of biblical interpretation employed in the Lutheran Confessions. The setting forth of these principles and the presuppositions upon which they rest is the primary purpose of this paper. In our investigation we shall give primary attention to confessional statements referring explicitly to biblical interpretation and to examples of biblical interpretation within the confessions that illustrate hermeneutical principles

A licence not to censor: the Cinematograph Act 1909 in Scotland

The legal and administrative framework for film exhibition in Scotland has been viewed through the prism of practices adopted in the rest of the United Kingdom despite the existence of a separate legal system north of the English border. This article is the first to identify and explain the discrepancy that existed between the Scottish regulatory framework and that existing in the rest of Britain, covering the period from the passing of the Cinematograph Act 1909 to the publication of the Edinburgh Cinema Enquiry in 1933. Discussing hitherto neglected documents, such as the Scottish Office Precedent Books, municipal records, education authority minutes and local newspapers, the article adopts a social-historiographical methodology. It contends that the discrepancy was the result of a decentralised tradition of governance and political motivations to maintain the integrity of Scotland's legal system. This means that the full implementation of the Cinematograph Act 1909 was resisted in Scotland, leading to a laissez-faire approach in the realm of film censorship that was heavily criticised by local pressure groups. The article will first establish the historical context of regulating places of public entertainment in Scotland and subsequently discuss the emergence of film censorship practices in the rest of the UK following the passing of the Cinematograph Act 1909. The second half will explain the different legal interpretation of the 1909 Act in Scotland and its consequences for the applicability of the British Board of Film Censors’ ‘A’ certificate

Order of Worship for the Opening of the 138th Academic Year

Order of Worship for the Opening of the 138th Academic Yearhttps://scholar.csl.edu/opening_services/1005/thumbnail.jp

Finding Scotland's cinema factor: from the cinema in education (1925) to the film in the classroom (1933)

This article discusses two experiments that aimed to establish the educational value of cinema: the 1925 Cinema Commission’s report The Cinema in Education, and The Film in the Classroom, an experiment carried out by Glasgow Corporation between 1932 and 1933. Both experiments were part of a discourse on educational cinema that recognized film as a powerful visual medium with a profound impact on how children learned about and interacted with the world around them. The experiments contributed to the fledging of the educational film movement of the 1930s without, however, mirroring the transition to sound occurring in cinemas at that time