Die Sklaverei der athenischen Demokratie in klassentheoretischer Hinsicht

Im ersten Teil werden Zahlen und Fakten zur antiken griechischen Wirtschaft, Gesellschaftsordnung und Politik dargestellt, in einem weiteren Teil wird besonders auf die Lage der SklavInnen eingegangen. Im theoretischen Kapitel der Diplomarbeit geht es um die Geschichte des Klassenbegriffs, besonders um den Klassenbegriff Karl Marx’. Im Hauptteil schließlich wird die Sekundärliteratur zum Thema Klassengesellschaft in der griechischen Antike mit besonderer Berücksichtigung der Sklavenfrage behandelt. Es ergibt sich dabei, vor allem unter Heranziehung der Erkenntnisse G.E.M. de Ste. Croix’, dass man unter gewissen Bedingungen durchaus von einer Klasse von SklavInnen in der griechischen Antike sprechen kann

Evaluation of a Rail-Orientated Researcher Links Workshop

This paper presents the results from a rail-orientated researcher links workshop, which was organised in Joinville, Brazil. The aim of the workshop was to discuss congestion in Brazil. Thirty-four participants from the UK and Brazil attended the workshop. Feedback forms have been distributed. The information collected has been analysed statistically. The results from the statistical analysis show very positive views of the workshop

Evaluation of a Rail-Orientated Researcher Links Workshop

This paper presents the results from a rail-orientated researcher links workshop, which was organised in Joinville, Brazil. The aim of the workshop was to discuss congestion in Brazil. Thirty-four participants from the UK and Brazil attended the workshop. Feedback forms have been distributed. The information collected has been analysed statistically. The results from the statistical analysis show very positive views of the workshop

Time in Range in Children with Type 1 Diabetes before and during a Diabetes Camp—A Ceiling Effect?

Background: The aim of this study was to assess and compare the time in range (TIR) of children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) before and during a diabetes summer camp using different therapy modalities. Methods: A retrospective analysis of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) data collected from 26 children with T1D (mean age: 11.0 ± 1.4 years; 62% female; 62% on insulin pump; Hb1Ac 7.3 ± 0.8% (56.3 ± 8.7 mmol/mol) before and during a 14-day summer camp. CGM methods: 50% intermittently scanned CGM (isCGM) and 50% real-time CGM (rtCGM). No child was using a hybrid closed loop system. Results: Mean TIR during camp was significantly higher than before camp ((67.0 ± 10.7%) vs. 58.2% ± 17.4%, p = 0.004). There was a significant reduction in time above range (TAR) (p = 0.001) and increase in time below range (TBR) (p < 0.001), Children using isCGM showed a more pronounced improvement in TIR during camp compared to rtCGM-users (p = 0.025). The increase in TIR strongly correlated with numbers of scans per day in isCGM-users (r = 0.751, p = 0.003). Compared to isCGM-users, rtCGM-users showed significantly less TBR. The TIR target was met by 30.8% of participants during camp. Conclusion: Glycemic control improved significantly during the camp. However, on average, the therapy goal (TIR > 70%) could not be achieved despite great professional effort

Assessing the efficacy, safety and utility of closed-loop insulin delivery compared with sensor-augmented pump therapy in very young children with type 1 diabetes (KidsAP02 study): an open-label, multicentre, multinational, randomised cross-over study protocol

Introduction Diabetes management in very young children remains challenging. Glycaemic targets are achieved at the expense of high parental diabetes management burden and frequent hypoglycaemia, impacting quality of life for the whole family. Our objective is to assess whether automated insulin delivery can improve glycaemic control and alleviate the burden of diabetes management in this particular age group.Methods and analysis The study adopts an open-label, multinational, multicentre, randomised, crossover design and aims to randomise 72 children aged 1–7 years with type 1 diabetes on insulin pump therapy. Following screening, participants will receive training on study insulin pump and study continuous glucose monitoring devices. Participants will be randomised to 16-week use of the hybrid closed-loop system (intervention period) or to 16-week use of sensor-augmented pump therapy (control period) with 1–4 weeks washout period before crossing over to the other arm. The order of the two study periods will be random. The primary endpoint is the between-group difference in time spent in the target glucose range from 3.9 to 10.0 mmol/L based on sensor glucose readings during the 16-week study periods. Analyses will be conducted on an intention-to-treat basis. Key secondary endpoints are between group differences in time spent above and below target glucose range, glycated haemoglobin and average sensor glucose. Participants’ and caregivers’ experiences will be evaluated using questionnaires and qualitative interviews, and sleep quality will be assessed. A health economic analysis will be performed.Ethics and dissemination Ethics approval has been obtained from Cambridge East Research Ethics Committee (UK), Ethics Committees of the University of Innsbruck, the University of Vienna and the University of Graz (Austria), Ethics Committee of the Medical Faculty of the University of Leipzig (Germany) and Comité National d’Ethique de Recherche (Luxembourg). The results will be disseminated by peer-reviewed publications and conference presentations.Trial registration number NCT03784027