Antiaging effect of coffee silver-skin extract

Resumen del póster presentado al 11th International Symposium on the Maillard Reaction celebrado en Nancy (Francia) del 16 al 20 de septiembre de 2012.Peer Reviewe

RICORS2040 : The need for collaborative research in chronic kidney disease

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a silent and poorly known killer. The current concept of CKD is relatively young and uptake by the public, physicians and health authorities is not widespread. Physicians still confuse CKD with chronic kidney insufficiency or failure. For the wider public and health authorities, CKD evokes kidney replacement therapy (KRT). In Spain, the prevalence of KRT is 0.13%. Thus health authorities may consider CKD a non-issue: very few persons eventually need KRT and, for those in whom kidneys fail, the problem is 'solved' by dialysis or kidney transplantation. However, KRT is the tip of the iceberg in the burden of CKD. The main burden of CKD is accelerated ageing and premature death. The cut-off points for kidney function and kidney damage indexes that define CKD also mark an increased risk for all-cause premature death. CKD is the most prevalent risk factor for lethal coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and the factor that most increases the risk of death in COVID-19, after old age. Men and women undergoing KRT still have an annual mortality that is 10- to 100-fold higher than similar-age peers, and life expectancy is shortened by ~40 years for young persons on dialysis and by 15 years for young persons with a functioning kidney graft. CKD is expected to become the fifth greatest global cause of death by 2040 and the second greatest cause of death in Spain before the end of the century, a time when one in four Spaniards will have CKD. However, by 2022, CKD will become the only top-15 global predicted cause of death that is not supported by a dedicated well-funded Centres for Biomedical Research (CIBER) network structure in Spain. Realizing the underestimation of the CKD burden of disease by health authorities, the Decade of the Kidney initiative for 2020-2030 was launched by the American Association of Kidney Patients and the European Kidney Health Alliance. Leading Spanish kidney researchers grouped in the kidney collaborative research network Red de Investigación Renal have now applied for the Redes de Investigación Cooperativa Orientadas a Resultados en Salud (RICORS) call for collaborative research in Spain with the support of the Spanish Society of Nephrology, Federación Nacional de Asociaciones para la Lucha Contra las Enfermedades del Riñón and ONT: RICORS2040 aims to prevent the dire predictions for the global 2040 burden of CKD from becoming true

Detección de la adulteración de aceite de oliva con otros aceites vegetales de menor calidad

Trabajo divulgativo presentado en la Semana de la Ciencia y la Tecnología del ICTAN (2021).Peer reviewe

Pesticidas en zumos y mermeladas

Resumen del trabajo presentado a la I Jornada: CyTA con la Seguridad Alimentaria, celebrada en la Universidad Rey Juan Carlos I de Madrid el día 17 de noviembre de 2017.Se expone la optimización de la metodología y el trabajo desarrollado para la detección de la posible presencia de pesticidas en zumos y mermeladas.Investigando en seguridad alimentaria: El programa AVANSECAL-CM.Peer Reviewe

Enantiomeric composition of filbertone in hazelnuts in relation to extraction conditions. Multidimensional gas chromatography and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in the single ion monitoring mode of a natural sample

The influence of the matrix and the isolation and concentration conditions on the enantiomeric excess of filbertone [(E)-5-methyl-2-hepten-4-one] in hazelnuts is studied. In hazelnuts, under mild conditions the filbertone obtained has a higher enantiomeric excess than that one extracted under forced conditions. Enantiomers were separated by inclusion gas chromatography on Chirasil-β-Dex using multidimensional gas chromatography with flame ionization detection and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry in the selected ion monitoring mode.Peer reviewe

Determination of the enantiomeric composition of limonene and limonene-1,2-epoxide in lemon peel by multidimensional gas chromatography with flame-ionization detection and selected ion monitoring mass spectrometry

The enantiomeric excess of limonene and limonene-1,2-epoxide in lemon peel samples is determined. The enantiomers were separated by multidimensional gas chromatography with flame ionization detection and gas chromatography—mass spectrometry in the selected ion monitoring mode. With this system, it is possible to measure limonene-1,2-epoxide, which appears at low concentrations in lemon peel. The enantiomeric excess of R-(+)-limonene in lemon peel is between 97.1 and 97.4% and that of (1S,2R,4R)-(+)-limonene-1,2-epoxide is between 88.0 and 91.9%. The quantitative determination of limonene in lemon peel is carried out using the optical antipode of the limonene to be quantitated as an internal standard.The authors acknowledge a postdoctoral fellowship from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Education.Peer reviewe

Determination of the enantiomeric ratios of chiral PCB 95 and 149 in human milk samples by multidimensional gas chromatography with ECD and MS(SIM) detection

The enantiomeric ratios of the chiral polychlorinated biphenyls 2, 2′, 3, 5′, 6-pentachlorobiphenyl (PCB 95) and 2, 2′, 3, 4′, 5′, 6-hexachlorobiphenyl (PCB 149) were determined in human milk samples by multidimensional gas chromatography, using two different achiral columns for preseparation and a chiral column for enantiomeric separation. Detection was carried out by electron capture detection and by mass spectrometry in the single ion monitoring mode. For PCB 95 a slight enrichment of the first eluted peak was determined whereas PCB 149 is present as racemate.Peer reviewe

Variaciones en la composición de ácidos grasos y contenido antioxidante en aceitunas como resultado de la aplicación de fitorreguladores al olivo (Olea europaea L.)

[EN]: A new procedure to minimize the degradation of fatty acids and polyphenols during the olive storage is here proposed. This procedure is based on pre-harvest treatments of Arbequina and Picual olive trees with methyl jasmonate and abscisic acid. As a result, total phenolic content increased in all treated Arbequina olives as compared with controls. In contrast to Arbequina, only abscisic acid resulted in total phenolic content increase in Picual olives. Regarding the antioxidant activity, neither of the phytoregulators was effective. Fatty acid composition was also affected by both of them in Arbequina and Picual. Saturated fatty acid decreased with both methyl jasmonate and abscisic acid whereas unsaturated fatty acids increased significantly in treated olives. Olives with higher antioxidant activity exhibited higher unsaturated/saturated fat ratio. The application of phytoregulators to olive tree can be interesting to the oil industry particularly when a delay in oil processing occurs and olives have to be stored.[ES]: En este trabajo se propone un nuevo procedimiento para minimizar la degradación de ácidos grasos y polifenoles durante el almacenamiento de la aceituna. Este procedimiento se basa en el tratamiento pre-cosecha de olivos Arbequina y Picual con jasmonato de metilo y ácido abscísico. Como resultado, el contenido de fenoles totales aumentó en todas las aceitunas Arbequina tratadas por comparación con las aceitunas control. Al contrario que en Arbequina, sólo el ácido abscísico provocó un aumento de fenoles totales en el caso de las aceitunas Picual. Con respecto a la actividad antioxidante, ninguno de los dos fitorreguladores resultó efectivo. La composición de ácidos grasos también se vio alterada con los tratamientos en Arbequina y en Picual. Los ácidos grasos saturados descendieron tanto con jasmonato de metilo como con ácidos abscísico mientras que los ácidos grasos insaturados aumentaron significativamente en las aceitunas tratadas. Las aceitunas con mayor actividad antioxidante mostraron una mayor relación entre ácidos grasos insaturados y ácidos grasos saturados. La aplicación de fitorreguladores al olivo puede ser interesante para la industria del aceite, especialmente cuando existen retrasos en el procesado y las aceitunas tienen que ser almacenadas.Authors thank the Comunidad of Madrid and European funding from FSE and FEDER programs for financial support (project S2018/BAA-4393, AVANSECAL-II-CM).Peer reviewe

Enantioselective analysis of chiral polychlorinated biphenyls in sediment samples by multidimensional gas chromatography-electron-capture detection after steam distillation-solvent extraction and sulfur removal

Enantioselective analysis of the chiral polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) 95, 132 and 149 in river sediment samples was carried out by multidimensional gas chromatography with an achiral-chiral column combination and electron-capture detection. The investigations revealed the PCB congeners analysed to be present racemic within experimental error. A micro simultaneous steam distillation-solvent extraction device was used as extraction method. This technique proved to be a versatile tool for the extraction of organochlorine compounds from several matrices and was used for the extraction of PCBs from sediment samples. The removal of interfering elementary sulfur was carried out by the treatment with copper powder during the extraction.G.P.B. acknowledges a postdoctoral fellowship from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Education. This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft and Fonder chemischen Industrie.Peer reviewe