A concept of transition to the best available technology as a basis for sustainable development of power industry

The high level of the negative impact on the environment in the Russian Federation remains steady for many years. Significant and specific contribution to the current level of pollution is made by the companies of the energy sector, which is among the top three in terms of the negative impact on the environment. The planned transition to technological regulation system is based on the use of the best available technology (BAT). The concept formation of the transition to BAT is a challenge for the industry. The basis of the concept is the unified approach development, harmonized with the European approaches, Russian practice and methodological guidelines for BAT identification, which will facilitate informational and technical implementation of BAT in the economy entities of the energy sector. To solve this problem, the authors developed a model for BAT implementation, using a step-by-step logical approach to decision-making. This approach is based on a comparison of the environmental protection measures effectiveness with costs that the economic entity should bear to avoid or minimize man-made impact in normal conditions of management, that is, before BAT introduction. The economic expediency evaluation of the technology in a particular industry is an integral part of BAT implementation concept. © 2015 WIT Press

Improvement of an integrated management system resulting in higher industrial safety efficiency

LukOIL PermNefteproduct llc management considers industrial and labor safety system as an essential part of efficient production management. Improvement of company's personnel training and further training system in the field of industrial safety, produce quality, workplace health and safety, environmental management as part of integrated management system functioning is the necessary condition of industrial safety management. The educational electronic resource, developed by authors, is the Web-site accessible to all company's employees that consists of guidance and information-reference materials. Economy effect of the resource usage is cost- and learning time saving, increase of company stuff's competence level. © 2017 WIT Press

The development of an ecological-economic substantiation algorithm for BAT selection for enterprises within the power industry

The Russian Federation is on the verge of crucial changes in the system of governmental regulation for the protection of the environment. A new system of setting the norms for an acceptable impact upon the environment that provides for the rejection of individual permissions for each enterprise and the introduction of norms and plans for the gradual reduction of pollution to the levels corresponding to the best available technologies (BAT), the establishment of the advanced industry of waste disposal and the extended application of renewable energy sources are the main directions of this reforming. The objective of this paper is to develop an algorithm for ecological-economical substantiation for the BAT application of enterprises within the power industry. The obtained results have enabled the formulation of recommendations on the assessment of expenditures for the substantiation of appropriateness of a concrete BAT application, whilst taking into account its ecological/economical effectiveness. This will enhance the validity of managerial solutions concerning the adoption of these technologies at power industry enterprises. This will lead not only to the stable decrease of an adverse impact volume but also to the increase of Russian enterprises' competitive capacity. © 2014 WIT Press.International Journal of Safety and Security Engineering;International Journal of Sustainable Development and Planning;WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environmen

Rationalization of water treatment as a top priority goal of sustainable development of residential areas and improvement of environmental quality

The problem of searching for resource-saving and cost-effective technologies for cleaning rinsing water within the filter structures of waterworks remains relevant for many years. Most of contaminated wastewater of Sverdlovsk Region comes to the surface water bodies from Municipal Unitary Enterprise 'Vodokanal'. The solution of engineering tasks aimed at the environmental situation improvement in urban areas and water bodies protection from pollution subsequently requires continuous improvement of wastewater treatment methods. The paper examines the construction project of rinsing waters treatment unit of the filter station of Municipal Unitary Enterprise 'Vodokanal' with the formation of dehydrated sludge and provides the calculations of technical and economic parameters of the project. The project implementation is expected to result in a decrease of the man-caused environmental impact by eliminating the rinsing waters discharge, as well as by reducing the amount of water taken from the surface source into the technological process of potable water treatment. © 2018 Institute of Physics Publishing. All rights reserved

Improvement of the methodology for assessing domestic wastewater treatment quality using benchmarking tools

Problems with the treatment efficiency of domestic wastewater for the Ural Federal district have remained relevant for several decades. More than 55% of the total amount of contaminated wastewater originates from municipal wastewater utilities. Sectoral legislation reform, the development of private capital and tariff regulation have contributed to the long-term improvement of municipal wastewater utilities in solving modernization and environmental problems, including the involvement of different groups of stakeholders in this process. The existing methods and tools for assessing the achievements of key performance indicators in the field of domestic wastewater treatment are not representative, do not reflect the dynamic results; information turnover occurs with no publicity; and there is no possibility to compare results with similar companies in other districts of the Russian Federation, to identify and replicate the best practices. This paper proposes a methodical approach for wastewater treatment quality assessment conducted by water companies. The transition from the currently used indicator, the proportion of sewage samples that do not meet the accepted standards for allowable discharge standards (ADS), doesn't allow making an adequate assessment of the water companies' efforts in wastewater treatment facilities' modernization, towards indicators that take into account the multiplicity and frequency of ADS excess by effluent components, is suggested. The proposed indicators can be used in sectoral benchmarking, for assessment of the effectiveness of the environmental activities within wastewater utilities. The comparison and analysis of the indicators' dynamics can help identify and replicate the best practices used in the field of wastewater treatment processing, under conditions of availability of information to the professional community. Finally, this action will create significant progress for water companies on the issue of reducing negative environmental impacts. © 2018 WIT PressACKNOWLEDGEMENT This work was supported by Act 211 of the government of the Russian Federation, contract No. 2.A 03.21.0006

Comparison of Makro- and Mikromorfologiya Cerebellum for the Representatives of Different Classes on the Example of Lizard Quick, Perepela Reserve, Pidkovonosa Large

Наведено результати дослідження макроморфології мозочка та цитоархітектоніки кори в представників різних класів: ссавців – на прикладі підковоноса великого (Philobhus ferrumeauinum), птахів – перепела звичайного (Coturnix coturnix), плазунів – ящірки прудкої (Lacerta agilis). Виявлено відмінності в будові мозочка, пов’язані із середовищем проживання, ступенем локомоторної активності, опануванням повітряного простору. The results of research of macromorphology of cerebellum are resulted and citoarkhitektoniki of bark for the representatives of different classes. Savci – on the example of pidkovonosa large (Philobhus ferrumeauinum), birds – quail ordinary (Coturnix coturnix), reptiles – lizard of quick (Lacerta agilis). Viyavleno difference in the structure of cerebellum the lives related to the environment, by the degree of lokomotornoy activity, capture of air space.Роботу виконано на кафедрі зоології ВНУ ім. Лесі Українк

Waste recycling as an aspect of the transition to a circular economy

A necessary condition for a successful transition to a circular or closed economy is the creation of sufficient capacity for sorting and recycling of production and consumption waste. According to experts, annually more than 10 million tons of tires go out of use in the world, only in Russia every 4-5 years the increase in used tires will be about 2 million tons, which creates serious environmental and economic problems. This research is aimed at solving the problem of recycling accumulated and formed waste tires. The article provides a comparative analysis of tire recycling methods, proves the choice of pyrolysis method and estimates the environmental and economic efficiency of the project of a plant for processing used tires by pyrolysis. © 2020 Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd

Elaboration of an Algorithm for the Efficient Use of Municipal Solid Waste Landfills

The annual increase in generation and disposal of production and consumer wastes presents an ever pressing environmental, economic, and social challenge for modern industrially developed urbanized territories. As part of the waste management reform, an important issue is the restoration of old landfills for municipal solid waste (MSW). One of possible engineering solutions for the implementation of projects for the reburial of waste from old landfills is excavation of the landfill body with further sorting and extraction of landfill soil and, in some cases, recycled materials. This will reduce the amount of waste subject to reburial. The article examines several options for the implementation of the projects of old landfill restoration. It offers an algorithm for the efficient use of MSW landfills based on the data of environmental and economic analysis of some waste landfill restoration projects. © Published under licence by IOP Publishing Ltd