8,626 research outputs found
GENERATION OF FORESTS ON TERRAIN WITH DYNAMIC LIGHTING AND SHADOWING
The purpose of this research project is to exhibit an efficient method of creating dynamic lighting and shadowing for the generation of forests on terrain. In this research project, I use textures which contain images of trees from a bird’s eye view in order to create a high scale forest. Furthermore, by manipulating the transparency and color of the textures according to the algorithmic calculations of light and shadow on terrain, I provide the functionality of dynamic lighting and shadowing. Finally, by analyzing the OpenGL pipeline, I design my code in order to allow efficient rendering of the forest
On the spectrum of shear flows and uniform ergodic theorems
The spectra of parallel flows (that is, flows governed by first-order
differential operators parallel to one direction) are investigated, on both
spaces and weighted- spaces. As a consequence, an example of a flow
admitting a purely singular continuous spectrum is provided. For flows
admitting more regular spectra the density of states is analyzed, and spaces on
which it is uniformly bounded are identified. As an application, an ergodic
theorem with uniform convergence is proved.Comment: 18 pages, no figure
Lack of Finite Characterizations for the Distance-based Revision
Lehmann, Magidor, and Schlechta developed an approach to belief revision
based on distances between any two valuations. Suppose we are given such a
distance D. This defines an operator |D, called a distance operator, which
transforms any two sets of valuations V and W into the set V |D W of all
elements of W that are closest to V. This operator |D defines naturally the
revision of K by A as the set of all formulas satisfied in M(K) |D M(A) (i.e.
those models of A that are closest to the models of K). This constitutes a
distance-based revision operator. Lehmann et al. characterized families of them
using a loop condition of arbitrarily big size. An interesting question is
whether this loop condition can be replaced by a finite one. Extending the
results of Schlechta, we will provide elements of negative answer. In fact, we
will show that for families of distance operators, there is no "normal"
characterization. Approximatively, a normal characterization contains only
finite and universally quantified conditions. These results have an interest of
their own for they help to understand the limits of what is possible in this
area. Now, we are quite confident that this work can be continued to show
similar impossibility results for distance-based revision operators, which
suggests that the big loop condition cannot be simplified
Preferential and Preferential-discriminative Consequence relations
The present paper investigates consequence relations that are both
non-monotonic and paraconsistent. More precisely, we put the focus on
preferential consequence relations, i.e. those relations that can be defined by
a binary preference relation on states labelled by valuations. We worked with a
general notion of valuation that covers e.g. the classical valuations as well
as certain kinds of many-valued valuations. In the many-valued cases,
preferential consequence relations are paraconsistant (in addition to be
non-monotonic), i.e. they are capable of drawing reasonable conclusions which
contain contradictions. The first purpose of this paper is to provide in our
general framework syntactic characterizations of several families of
preferential relations. The second and main purpose is to provide, again in our
general framework, characterizations of several families of preferential
discriminative consequence relations. They are defined exactly as the plain
version, but any conclusion such that its negation is also a conclusion is
rejected (these relations bring something new essentially in the many-valued
cases).Comment: team Logic and Complexity, written in 2004-200
Instability of Nonmonotone Magnetic Equilibria of the Relativistic Vlasov-Maxwell System
We consider the question of linear instability of an equilibrium of the
Relativistic Vlasov-Maxwell (RVM) System that has a strong magnetic field.
Standard instability results deal with systems where there are fewer particles
with higher energies. In this paper we extend those results to the class of
equilibria for which the number of particles does not depend monotonically on
the energy. Without the standard sign assumptions, the analysis becomes
significantly more involved.Comment: 46 page
Assessment of Pelagic Food Webs in Mendums Pond, NH
This study focused on the relationship between plankton in Mendums Pond, NH. A grazing experiment was conducted to determine the effect of zooplankton on the phytoplankton population. The phytoplankton were largely composed of net plankton (75 %) and this fraction was dominated by cyanobacteria (84.5 %) even though this was a slightly acidic system. Data indicated that the mean body length of zooplankton increased with depth. The average body length of Daphnia ranged from 1.4 mm in the epilimnion to 1.9 mm in the hypolimnion. Copepods followed a similar trend increasing in average body length from 0.85 mm to 0.95 mm. The high numbers of cyanobacteria and copepods resulted in a 17.92 % day-1 grazing rate indicating that almost 18 % of the total lake water was filtered every day by the zooplankton. This also suggests that the phytoplankton are reproducing at a higher rate than they are being consumed by grazers. This may raise concerns about the future diversity of the food web as cyanobacteria reproduce and become more dominant in this system
Approximations of strongly continuous families of unbounded self-adjoint operators
The problem of approximating the discrete spectra of families of self-adjoint
operators that are merely strongly continuous is addressed. It is well-known
that the spectrum need not vary continuously (as a set) under strong
perturbations. However, it is shown that under an additional compactness
assumption the spectrum does vary continuously, and a family of symmetric
finite-dimensional approximations is constructed. An important feature of these
approximations is that they are valid for the entire family uniformly. An
application of this result to the study of plasma instabilities is illustrated.Comment: 22 pages, final version to appear in Commun. Math. Phy
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