The Need for Increased Attention to Low‐Level Laser Therapy as Treatment for Wounds and Ulcers

Light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation (lasers) is a device that typically generates electromagnetic radiation of uniform wavelength, phase, and polarization. The term low‐level laser therapy (LLLT) is broadly defined as the therapeutic benefit of lasers. This review aims to discuss the positive effects of LLLT on skin wounds, diabetic foot ulcers, and burn healing. Different LLLT protocols have been widely used as treatment for these conditions to accelerate tissue regenerative processes. We have classified eligible papers in the fields of skin wounds, ulcers, and burns into in vivo and in vitro experimental studies and clinical trials that evaluated the use of LLLT as treatments that promote healing. An electronic search of scientific peer reviewed papers was conducted in the PubMed database. Our search has shown that the use of LLLT in biology and medicine is growing rapidly, and advancements in LLLT research dramatically improved the clinicians’ ability to safely and effectively treat wounds and ulcers. There is increased clinical use of laser for wound and ulcer treatment. Several recent studies have confirmed the potential beneficial effects of LLLT for wound healing

Goal Detection in Soccer Video: Role-Based Events Detection Approach

Soccer video processing and analysis to find critical events such as occurrences of goal event have been one of the important issues and topics of active researches in recent years. In this paper, a new role-based framework is proposed for goal event detection in which the semantic structure of soccer game is used. Usually after a goal scene, the audiences’ and reporters’ sound intensity is increased, ball is sent back to the center and the camera may: zoom on Player, show audiences’ delighting, repeat the goal scene or display a combination of them. Thus, the occurrence of goal event will be detectable by analysis of sequences of above roles. The proposed framework in this paper consists of four main procedures: 1- detection of game’s critical events by using audio channel, 2- detection of shot boundary and shots classification, 3- selection of candidate events according to the type of shot and existence of goalmouth in the shot, 4- detection of restarting the game from the center of the field. A new method for shot classification is also presented in this framework. Finally, by applying the proposed method it was shown that the goal events detection has a good accuracy and the percentage of detection failure is also very low.DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v4i6.637

Synthesis and Thermal Decomposition Kinetics of Epoxy Poly Glycidyl Nitrate as an Energetic Binder

An energetic binder epoxy poly glycidyl nitrate (e-PGN) with a molecular weight of about 1244 gr/mol was synthesised via end modified poly glycidyl nitrate (PGN) is presented in the paper. This structure was characterised by the number of epoxy groups, infrared spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance. The thermal degradation behavior of e-PGN was studied by thermo gravimetric analysis (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) under nitrogen atmosphere at different heating rates. The glass transition temperature (Tg) was measured to determine the compatibility of energetic plasticizer with the binder in the mixture of plasticizer/binder and compared with the results of e-PGN, and initial decomposition temperature in e-PGN was studied using the DSC method. The DSC results showed that the glass transition temperature of a mixture of 20 % Bu-NENA/e-PGN mixture (Tg = −56 °C) was lower than e-PGN (Tg = −37.78 °C) that shows the most compatible plasticizer is Bu-NENA. The activation energy of degradation e-PGN and e-PGN-20% Bu-NENA were calculated with DSC by the model-free methods and compared with the results of AKTS software in version 3.51(2013-07-10). The activation energy of exothermic decomposition of the e-PGN and e-PGN-20% Bu-NENA were calculated by the Kissinger, Flynn–Wall–Ozawa, Starink, and AAdvanced kinetics and technology solutions (Friedman) methods. Finally, the half-life prediction of the e-PGN and e-PGN-20% Bu-NENA were investigated

Effect of Implant Diameter on its Survival Rate among a Group of Iranian Warfare Victims Presenting to QaziTabatabai Clinic Affiliated to Shahid Beheshti University during 2000-2010

Objective: At present, treatment of edentulous areas with implant-supported prosthesis has greatly increased. The aim of this study was to assess the survival rate of implants with different diameters. Methods: This retrospective study was conducted on 239 warfare victims presenting to Qazi Tabatabaie Clinic during 2000-2010. A total of 1,649 implants were placed. The success criteria included presence of osteointegrated implants with no sign of infection, mobility, or lucency around them. Data were extracted from patients’ records and recorded in questionnaires. Statistical analysis was carried out using Chi-square or Log-Rank test.Results: A total of 1,533 implants were evaluated out of which, 61 (4%) had failed. Survival rate of implants of different brands had a significant association with implant diameter as the highest failure rate was observed in implants with 5-6.5 mm diameter and the lowest failure rate belonged to 3-3.5 mm diameter implants.Conclusion: Study results demonstrated that the survival of implants may be affected by their diameter as the failure rate was higher in implants with greater diameters

Vocabulary knowledge learning and reading comprehension performance: which one is superior - breadth or depth?

Reading has been and is a demanding task for foreign language learners. Correspondingly, vocabulary knowledge plays an extremely vital role in foreign language learning and numerous researchers have investigated the correlation between vocabulary knowledge and reading comprehension. However, research on breadth and depth of EFL learners’ vocabulary knowledge and their mutual interactions is inadequate. Accordingly, the present paper intends to review the relationships between EFL students’ vocabulary knowledge and reading comprehension and analyze whether breadth and depth of vocabulary knowledge are correlated to each other. Having reviewed numerous studies in this regard, it was found that whereas both breadth and depth vocabulary knowledge have vital roles in EFL learners' reading comprehension performance, depth of vocabulary knowledge plays a more significant role. It was also found that depth and breadth of vocabulary knowledge are positively correlated, that is, those learners who had large vocabulary size will have a deeper knowledge of the words, too.La lectura ha sido y es una tarea demandada para los aprendices de segundas lenguas. Igualmente, el aprendizaje de vocabulario juega un papel vital en el aprendizaje de una lengua extranjera y numerosos investigadores han establecido la correlación entre conocimiento del vocabulario y la comprensión lectora. Sin embargo, la investigación sobre la amplitud y la profundidad en el conocimiento del vocabulario de aprendices de inglés como lengua extranjera (EFL – English as a Foreign Language) y sus interacciones mutuas es inadecuada. De manera similar, este artículo intenta revisar las relaciones entre el conocimiento del vocabulario de alumnado EFL y su comprensión lectora, así como analizar si la amplitud y la profundidad de dicho conocimiento de vocabulario están correlacionadas. Habiendo revisado numerosos estudios al respecto, encontramos que al tiempo que la profundidad y la amplitud en el conocimiento del vocabulario tienen papeles esenciales en la comprensión lectora de los aprendices EFL, la profundidad juega un papel más esencial, si cabe. También encontramos que la profundidad y la amplitud en el conocimiento del vocabulario están correlacionadas de manera positiva, es decir, aquel alumnado que mostraba un amplio conocimiento en el número de palabras, también mostraba un conocimiento más profundo de esas palabras

Analysis of Insect-Plant Interactions Affected by Mining Operations, A Graph Mining Approach

The decline in ecological connections signifies the potential extinction of species, which can be attributed to disruptions and alterations. The decrease in interconnections among species reflects their susceptibility to changes. For example, certain insects and plants that rely on exclusive interactions with a limited number of species, or even a specific species, face the risk of extinction if they lose these crucial connections. Currently, mining activities pose significant harm to natural ecosystems, resulting in various adverse environmental impacts. In this study, we utilized network science techniques to analyze the ecosystem in a graph-based structure, aiming to conserve the ecosystem affected by mining operations in the northern region of Scotland. The research encompasses identifying the most vital members of the network, establishing criteria for identifying communities within the network, comparing, and evaluating them, using models to predict secondary extinctions that occur when a species is removed from the network, and assessing the extent of network damage. Our study's novelty is utilizing network science approaches to investigate the biological data related to interactions between insects and plants.Comment: 9 pages, 16 figure