Preparation, Characterization, and Antimicrobial Activities of Mixed Ibuprofen-Salicylic Acid Metal-Drug Complexes

Most variants of bacteria are resistant to traditional antibiotics which are organic. To overcome the growing infections, bacteria resistant infections, and multiple drug resistance (MDR) rates, transition metals with biological importance were coordinated to organic ligands (Ibuprofen and Salicylic acid) with anti-inflammatory properties. In this study, metal complexes of mixed Ibuprofen and Salicylic acid were prepared using a standard method to give of the type [M(Ibu)(Sal)X] (where M = Fe2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, and X = Cl2, Ibu = Ibuprofen, Sal = Salicylic acid). The complexes were characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy, conductivity measurements, melting points, FT-IR, and X-ray diffraction. The metal ions are coordinated to the ligands via the carboxylato oxygen donor atoms of both ligands. From the physicochemical data, the complexes are non-electrolytes. The XRD study suggested that the metal complexes possess a well-defined crystalline structure with average crystallite sizes of < 62 nm. Evaluations of the antimicrobial activities of the ligands and their complexes against gram-positive bacteria (S. aureus, B. subtilis,  S. faecalis) and gram-negative bacteria (K. pneumonia, E. coli, and  P. aeroginosa) via standard method were utilized to determine the zones of inhibition. The complexes exhibited a higher zone of inhibition, indicating higher antimicrobial activities when compared to the parent ligand. The results revealed that the metal-drug complexes are promising chemotherapeutic agents with wide spectrum of activities. Keywords:  Metal-drug complexes; Ibuprofen; Spectra studies; Salicylic acid; Antimicrobial activit

Antimalarial and Antimicrobial Activities of some Heteroleptic Metal(II) Complexes of Sulfadiazine–Vitamin C: Synthesis and Spectroscopic Studies

Some new Ni(II), Zn(II), Co(II), Cu(II), and Cd(II) of mixed Sulphadiazine and Vitamin C complexes have been synthesized and characterized by different spectroscopic techniques such as FT-IR, elemental analysis, molar conductivity, and magnetic measurements. Both ligands used for this research work act as bidentate ligands towards the central metal ions coordinating through the nitrogen atoms of >C=N-, NH2 groups of Sulphadiazine and oxygen atoms of OH, CO groups of Vitamin C. Tetrahedral and square-planar geometries have been proposed for the complexes. The complexes are stable under atmospheric conditions. The ligands and their complexes were screened for antimicrobial activities against some isolated organisms: Klebsiella pneumoniae, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Enterococcus faecalis to evaluate their microbial inhibiting potential. The derived complexes were found to exhibit an increased inhibitory action against the organisms when compared to the free ligands. The percentage reduction in parasitaemia for the compounds was also evaluated against Plasmodium berghei. In this realm, [Cd(Su)(Vit)]Cl2 showed the highest activity (89%) as compared to other compounds: Sulphadiazine, Ni(II), Zn(II), Co(II), and Cu(II) complexes are 70, 50, 81, 76, and 77%, respectively, Vitamin C showed no activity. Keywords: Sulfadiazine, Antimalarial, Vitamin C, Physicochemical, Metal-drug complexes, Antimicrobia

Perception and Resistance Mechanism of some Metal-drug Complexes and Their Roles as Antibacterial

Metal-based drugs have undergone much development and application for therapeutic and diagnostic purposes for many decades since the huge success of cisplatin and other successful metal-drug complexes in the clinical stages. Furthermore, this metal-based drug has come up with a lot of signs of resistance and side-effects in their uses. This review points to some of the resistance natures and mechanisms of previously synthesized complexes in the field of chemistry

Metal (II) Complexes of some Carboxylic group Drugs: Chelation, Characterization, Antibacterial, Analgesic, and Toxicology Studies: Biological Potentials of Carboxylic Group Drug Complexes

The present work focuses on the synthesis and biological evaluation of metal complexes of mixed acetylsalicylic acid and para-aminobenzoic acid in ratio 1:1:1 to give a complex type: [M(ASA)(PABA)(H2O)n(Cl2)x](Cl2)y (where M = Cu(II), Cd(II), Ni(II), Fe(III), or Mn(II); ASA = Acetylsalicylic acid; PABA = para-aminobenzoic acid; n = 0 or 2; x = 0 or 1; y = 0 or 1). The metal complexes were obtained by a refluxing method and characterized by elemental analysis, melting point, conductivity measurements, ultraviolet-visible absorption, and infrared spectroscopy. The conductance measurement indicates the non-electrolytic nature of the complexes. The octahedral environment has been proposed for the complexes except for Cd (II) complex. The level of toxicity of the synthesized complexes was determined in vivo. [Cu(ASA)(PABA)(H2O)2], [Cd(ASA)(PABA)]Cl2, and [Mn(ASA)(PABA)(H2O)2] exhibited higher enzymatic activities in the serum and kidney homogenates of the Wister rats investigated. The acetic acid-induced writhing model method was used in the evaluation of the analgesic activities of the prepared complexes. Metal complexes of Cu (II), Cd(II), Ni(II), Fe(III), and Mn(II) exhibited percentage writhing inhibition of 67.61, 43.87, 60.42, 70.45, and 52.34 % respectively. The complexes proved to be more effective than their parent-free ligands with Fe (III) possessing the highest analgesic potentials. The in vitro antimicrobial activity against bacterial strains was studied using the agar well diffusion procedure. It was also observed that the complexes exhibited higher bacteriostatic activities than the free ligands