PERAN WTO DALAM MEMBANGUN PENEGAKAN HUKUM INTERNASIONAL TERHADAP PROTEKSIONISME (STUDI KASUS: SENGKETA DAGANG ROKOK KRETEK INDONESIA)

Indonesia’s objection to the United States (US) over a clove ban in 2010 was one of the most difficult trade dispute cases that Indonesia has ever submitted. The dispute between both countries in the clove cigarettes negotiations was actually completed in 2014 after the two countries agreed on mutual understanding (MoU) related to cigarettes. Indonesia's victory over the Dispute Settlement Body (DSB) by the World Trade Organization (WTO) shows the enforcement of international law in intervening in a country's domestic policies.Although it took great deal of time, Indonesia's victory over US becomes a lesson learned. This victory proves the role of the WTO in resolving trade dispute cases and refutes the notion of a superpower in particular the US being immune to the international law. US domestic trade policies that impose a ban on clove cigarettes have deviated from WTO rules and have harmed Indonesia as a produce

Racism and Anti-China Sentiment in Australia

This article discusses racism and anti-China sentiment in Australia. Racism is not quite popular within International Relations studies (IRs). However, this article aims to find how racism may become an exciting topic in IRs as racism has happened in many parts of the world and became widespread during and after the pandemic, including in Australia. Racism itself is not a popular topic within the study of IRs. Still, this research specifically seeks to explore the correlation between the rise of racism and the long Chinese history with Australians. This paper uses qualitative library research to focus on secondary data from previous literature and official websites. This paper argues that immigrants of Chinese or Chinese descent in Australia are, to some people, seen as second-class people. Despite being wealthy and educated like Penny Wong, discrimination towards their race is still their most significant challenge living in Australia. Covid-19 Pandemic has made the challenge more extensive and more robust. The problem is rooted in the racism that has happened and institutionalised since early Australian history. Nevertheless, although the White Australian Policy had abolished, however, racism which was reflected by the Anti-Chinese sentiment, has been continued to play a big part in Australia's foreign policy. It was reflected by the decision of the Australian government to call for an investigation into the outbreak of Covid-19 and Australia's accusation of violation of human rights by the Chinese government had done. Therefore, Australia must be open on this issue because it will help the country build better bilateral relations with its neighbours, including China.

GLOBAL VALUE CHAIN PRODUK PERIKANAN DARAT INDONESIA KE EROPA (STUDI KASUS: IKAN LELE DI SULAWESI SELATAN)

As the largest archipelagic country in the world with 16,771 islands (MMAF, 2020a), Indonesia naturally controls abundant natural resources (SDA). However, the international market for Indonesian fishery products faces strong competition from fish exporting countries from other countries, especially in Asia. For this reason, this study seeks to find out how to map the global value added chain (GVC) of Indonesian inland aquaculture products to Europe specifically by taking the case study of South Sulawesi catfish exports. This research uses a qualitative research type by collecting data through field studies and literature studies. The theory used in this study is the global value added chain (GVC). Using this theory, this research focuses on the added value that occurs in each value chain, finding out the actors who play a role, patterns of relationships and coordination that occur between actors from the local to the global market, as well as the challenges faced by local parties. Based on the data obtained, the GVC mapping of South Sulawesi catfish products shows a rather dominating relationship pattern between exporters and importers. Both earn the most profit in the value chain. This picture is not surprising even though it proves that the position of SMEs and small industries in the fisheries sector is still very low, even in a modular form of market coordination, where products are easy to codify

PEMILU INDONESIA: KIBLAT NEGARA DEMOKRASI DARI BERBAGAI REFRESENTASI

Indonesia has been present and is still able to maintain itself as a democracy icon that should be followed by other countries. As one of the largest democracies in the world, Indonesia in more than ten years is continue growing and transforming with its diversity in society, the dynamics and diversity issues. Indonesia was still able to maintain its identity as a democracy. Through these facts, this paper tried to describe the political situation in Indonesia in the 2014 Presidential Election, as well as reflect further on the response and the effect of foreign parties to the democratic mechanism. What happens in the electoral process in recent months and how Indonesia continues to become an example of the success stories of various identity democracies as diverse as a multicultural country, developing countries, as well as the country with the largest Muslim adherents in the world. This paper sees the problem through the concept of elections and democracy based on the analysis of identity. Where the author tried to look outside the box of the electoral process in the domestic political analysis that has been done before. Probe Indonesia based on its identity in the international sphere as a democratic state becomes interesting when its identity was assessed by comparing it with other identities such as identity and role as a developing country and collective identity as the Southeast Asian country. The papers argue that the election process in Indonesia is not only shaped by domestic factors. Indonesia democratization maturity today can’t be separated from the support of international and Indonesian efforts in playing a role and maintain its identity as a democratic country in the international sphere. Keywords: democracy, election, identit

MENILIK TANTANGAN DAN POTENSI KERJASAMA SELATAN-SELATAN DALAM MENINGKATKAN PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI INDONESIA ERA (PASCA) COVID-19

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana krisis yang diakibatkan oleh pandemi Covid-19mempengaruhi kebijakan tiap-tiap negara dalam menghadapi situasi ketidakpastian ini. Pada dasarnya fenomena ini telah menimbulkan Effect Global bagi seluruh sektor-sektor kehidupan umat manusia terkhusus Sosial-budaya, politik, kesehatan, pendidikan, keamanan dan yang terpenting dalam pembahasan ini merupakan Ekonomi. Dinamika Ekonomi internasional di era Covid-19 secara umum dapat dikatakan mengalami penurunan yang sangat drastis hingga menyentuh titik curam dibandingkan krisis-krsis yang pernah terjadi sebelumya. Berangkat dari kenyataan tersebut banyak kendala dan juga ketimpangan yang sangat besar atau heterogenitas yang kompleks dirasakan oleh seluruh masyarakat internasional.Artinya, ditengah ketidakpastian yang terjadi saat ini respon internasional benar-benar sangat diperlukan demi menjaga stabilitas jalannya dunia internasional. Kolaborasi antar negara-bangsa dianggap sebagai salah satu respon Internasional yang memiliki dampak positif dan cukup mampu mengatasi masalah ekonomi di berbagai belahan dunia salah satunya adalah Kerjasama Selatan-Selatan (South-south Cooperation). Untuk mengetahui hal tersebut lebih dalam, kami memperoleh data dari berbagai sumber baik berita, laporan penelitian, jurnal, dan website. Dengan menggunakan metode kualitatif dan pendekatan literature review untuk menjawab pertanyaan-pertanyaan besar terkait potensi dan tantangan yang akan dihasilkan dari kolaborasi internasional atau kerjasama Internasional dari segi ekonomi

Halal Certification of Indonesian Cosmetics Products

This article aims to explore the impact of halal certification of Indonesian products and the interplay between halal certification, Indonesia’s economic interest and International Trade Regime. This research uses qualitative approach taking Indonesia case study by collecting secondary data from varied sources. The findings indicate that the massive awareness of halal products especially cosmetic is not solely motivated by religious motive. The halal product is not substantially driven by religiosity. In fact, to understand the meaning of halal, this paper argues that companies that trade halal product do not follow Islamic values. Further, this paper suggests that Islam does not support economic system that prioritizes a few parties, put women as an object, not environmentally friendly, or wasteful. On the contrary, it promotes an order that is not fair for all. However, this paper further argues that halal trend in Indonesia trade system is more about the rise of Islamic populism. WTO therefore, has to be cautious on accommodating halal labelling in international trade. It must be opened to the needs of Islamic countries yet it has to be aware that it may become new form of protectionism which is unfair for global trade standards

KEMITRAAN INDONESIA DAN GLOBAL FUND DALAM MENGATASI PENYAKIT TBC DI INDONESIA

This research focuses on the partnership between Global Fund and Indonesia. For this reason, this paper answers the question of what are the forms and models of partnerships carried out between Global Fund and Indonesia in overcoming the infectious disease Tuberculosis. This study uses the conceptual framework of global health security and human security to see the partnership that exists between GF and Indonesia which has been going on since 2003. This research focuses on the existence of three important aspects in the implementation of the global health security partnership which include: normative aspects, institutional aspects and practical aspects of how the implementation of the global security health policy can be completed. This research finds that these three aspects are fulfilled and are the key to the success of the partnership which continue between the GF, the central government, local government and community institutions through programs funded in a three-year cycle and carried out in a long term (round). For this reason, these three aspects must continue to be encouraged and evaluated in order to create wider impact.  Penelitian ini berfokus pada kemitraan antara Global Fund dan Indonesia. Untuk itu, tulisan ini menjawab pertanyaan mengenai bentuk dan model kemitraan yang dilakukan antara Global Fund dan Indonesia ddalam mengatasi penyakit menular Tuberkulosis. Penelitian ini menggunakan kerangka konseptual kesehatan keamanan global dan keamanan manusia untuk melihat kemitraan yang terjalin antara GF dan Indonesia tersebut yang telah berlangsung sejak 2003. Adapun penelitian ini berfokus kepada keberadaan tiga aspek penting dalam implementasi kemitraan kesehatan keamanan global yang mencakup: Aspek normatif, aspek institusional dan aspek praktis mengenai bagaimana implementasi dari kebijakan kesehatan keamanan global tersebut dapat diwujudkan. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa ketiga aspek tersebut terpenuhi dan menjadi kunci keberhasilan kemitraan yang hingga kini masih terjalin antara GF, pemerintah pusat dan pemerintah lokal serta lembaga masyarakat melalui program didanai melalui siklus tiga tahunan dan dikerjakan dalam jangka panjang (round). Untuk itu tiga aspek tersebut harus terus didorong dan dievaluasi agar kebermanfaatannya menjadi lebih luas. &nbsp

KERJASAMA ASING DENGAN PEMERINTAH INDONESIA DALAM MENGATASI PENINGKATAN PERNIKAHAN ANAK SELAMA PANDEMI COVID 19

Perkawinan anak di Indonesia termasuk cukup tinggi yang naik dari 2019 yang hanya 23.700 menjadi 34.000 pengajuan (Katadata, 2021). Kondisi ini memburuk di masa pandemi Covid 19. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menjawab pertanyaan mengenai bagaimana peran negara dan non- negara dalam mengatasi perkawinan anak di Indonesia terutama selama Pandemi Covid-19 dan bagaimana mereka mengatasi tantangan yang terjadi di lapangan dalam upaya advokasi tersebut. Hal ini bertujuan bukan hanya memperkaya kajian terkait dengan persoalan perkawinan anak namun juga menjadi masukan bagi berbagai pihak terkait untuk mengevaluasi skema kerjasama selama ini. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah penelitian analisis kualitatif berdasarkan metode tringulasi sumber data dengan melakukan perbandingan studi pustaka/dokumentasi dari pihak pemerintah Indonesia, dari pihak asing dan lembaga masyarakat di Indonesia. Penelitian ini sendiri menemukan bahwa aktor asing sangat berperan besar dalam bukan hanya mengatasi masalah perkawinan anak tapi juga dalam mencegahnya baik melalui pemberian bantuan teknis, pelatihan dan upaya advokasi berupa kerjasama lembaga internasional dan universitas serta lembaga pendidikan keagaamaan dan dukungan terhadap organisasi kemasyarakatan.

Korean Pop Culture Sebagai Instrument Politik Luar Negeri Korea Selatan

Fenomena budaya pop Korea Selatan yang disebut Hallyu telah berhasilmenjangkau ke seluruh dunia saat ini. BTS yang merupakan boyband grupK-pop berhasil menjadi salah satu manifestasi Hallyu yang paling sukses. Kesuksesan BTS kemudian memberikan pengaruh yang cukup signifikanbagi perkembangan ekonomi, politik hingga kebudayaan Korea Selatan. Tulisan ini akan membahas bagaimana upaya yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah Korea Selatan dalam meningkatkan nation branding negaranyadan bagaimana BTS sebagai sebuah icon K-pop dimanfaatkan oleh Korea Selatan sebagai instrument politik luar negerinya. Penelitian inimenggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dengan metode pengumpulan data studi kepustakaan (library research). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwaupaya yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah Korea Selatan telah terimplementasiatau terwujudkan dalam berbagai kebijakan yang juga bertransformasi darisatu pemerintahan ke pemerintahan berikutnya mengikuti dan menyesuaikan dengan kebutuhan atau dimen zaman. Kemudian, secarakhusus pemerintah Korea Selatan menggandeng BTS sebagai aktordiplomasinya dengan menjadikan BTS sebagai duta promosi, melibatkan BTS sebagai media dalam menjaga hubungan dengan negara lain, berkolaborasi dengan BTS untuk memperluas studi dan bahasa Korea, hingga melibatkan BTS ke dalam lingkaran diplomatik seperti mendaulat BTS sebagai utusan khusus presiden