Effect of Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field on Human DNA

Biological effect of radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on the human genome hasbeen a cause of growing concern owing to its increased application. In the present paper, effectof radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation on deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) of the personnelworking near/in radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation environment (radar operators and radiooperators) has been evaluated. Monomorphic hybridisation profile was thought to be of particularinterest for monitoring subtle changes in the DNA, loss or gain of sequences, or alteration inthe enzyme recognition site, if any, and for direct assessment of allele length variation and alleledropout as a consequence of radiofrequency field. Such profiles were obtained using syntheticrepeat oligodeoxyribonunucletide probes in conjunction with different restriction enzymes. Ofthe several enzymes used, BamHI digest uncovered sequence modulation in one of the allelesin the region of 12-13 kb in the exposed personnel with increased frequency compared to thecontrol individuals. This study suggests that some loci in the human DNA may be more proneto mutations arising due to radiofrequency electromagnetic radiation

A TERTIARY CARE CENTER-BASED CLINICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE FOETAL OUTCOME OF JAUNDICE IN PREGNANCY.

Aim: Irregularity in the liver function runs the maternal and other pregnancy aftereffects. The main aim of the investigation is to examine the fetal outcome of high bilirubin levels in pregnancy. Methods: 61 pregnant women were examined in this study. The study was done at Nalanda Medical College for 24 months. In the beginning complete history, comprehensive clinical history, and other investigations were done. A systemic review system was used for recording the causes of liver dysfunction in pregnant women. Outcomes were studied in detail. Results: There were 61 patients in which the occurrence of jaundice was 1 and was more common in younger patients. 40% of the cases were infected with viral hepatitis, and 30% were suffering from HELLP syndrome. Conclusion: The constant problem for pregnant women is jaundice which also has unfavorable results on the neonatal outcome. Recommendation: Transfer to a tertiary care center is advocated. If the pregnant woman is at or beyond 34 weeks’ gestation or if there is any evidence of multiorgan dysfunction or severe complication, immediate induction of labor is recommended. Close monitoring of the mother should be continued after delivery

Altered Mitochondrial DNA Methylation Patterns in Thrombosis

DNA methylation being one of the chief controllers of gene expression has not only been the reason behind the initiation of a plethora of diseases like Cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, etc. Still, it is an active contributor to the pathophysiology of several cardiovascular diseases like coronary artery disease (CAD), Atherosclerosis, Stroke, Cardiomyopathy, etc. The role of nuclear DNA methylation in VTE has been studied earlier, but the comparison of methylation in both nuclear genes and mitochondrial genes in high altitude VTE (HA-VTE) and sea level VTE (SL-VTE) patients has not been studied in depth. Through this present study, DNA methylation patterns of mitochondrial encoded as well as nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes of five high-altitude VTE patients and five sea-level VTE patients have been obtained. On comparing HA-VTE vs. SL-VTE methylation, one hundred and twenty hypermethylated genes and one hundred and thirty-eight hypomethylated genes were observed. Post gene enrichment and ontology study, the TCA cycle and NADH dehydrogenase were found to be the highly enriched pathways in both the study groups. Protein-protein interaction network using STRING pointed out the enriched pathway of L-2-hydroxyglutaric acid when both the gene sets were enriched. These results show the crucial role of mitochondrial DNA methylation in the pathophysiology of thrombosis and show great potential to study the role of mitochondria in thrombosis

A TERTIARY CARE CENTER-BASED CLINICAL INVESTIGATION OF THE FOETAL OUTCOME OF JAUNDICE IN PREGNANCY.

Aim: Irregularity in the liver function runs the maternal and other pregnancy aftereffects. The main aim of the investigation is to examine the fetal outcome of high bilirubin levels in pregnancy. Methods: 61 pregnant women were examined in this study. The study was done at Nalanda Medical College for 24 months. In the beginning complete history, comprehensive clinical history, and other investigations were done. A systemic review system was used for recording the causes of liver dysfunction in pregnant women. Outcomes were studied in detail. Results: There were 61 patients in which the occurrence of jaundice was 1 and was more common in younger patients. 40% of the cases were infected with viral hepatitis, and 30% were suffering from HELLP syndrome. Conclusion: The constant problem for pregnant women is jaundice which also has unfavorable results on the neonatal outcome. Recommendation: Transfer to a tertiary care center is advocated. If the pregnant woman is at or beyond 34 weeks’ gestation or if there is any evidence of multiorgan dysfunction or severe complication, immediate induction of labor is recommended. Close monitoring of the mother should be continued after delivery

Biochemical assessment of nutritional status in Indian mustard

The present investigation was carried out to evaluate the nutritional potential of five different Indian mustard genotypes. Fatty acid composition was determined in the oil, whereas seed meal was analyzed for limiting amino acids (tryptophan and methionine), protein content, glucosinolate content and antioxidant potential (DPPH free radical scavenging activity, total antioxidant activity and iron chelating activity). The monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were found to be maximum in RH 0749 (58.70 %) followed by RH (OE) 0801 (48.91 %), JM 6011 (47.03 %), EC 597328 and EC 597340 (45.77 %). Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) were observed maximum in EC 597340 (47.45 %).Glucosinolate content ranged from 42.80 (EC 597328) to 79.79 ?mole/g defatted seed meal (EC 597340). The methanolic seed meal extract exhibited a concentration dependent elimination of DPPH free radicals. All the five genotypes showed about 50 % inhibition in 3.0 mg of dry seed meal. The highest total antioxidant activity (20.41mg/g) and metal ion chelating activity (32.58 %) was observed in RH 0749. Protein content varied from 33.57 [RH (OE) 0801] to 38.01 % (RH 0749). Maximum methionine and tryptophan content were recorded in RH 0749 (0.99 and 1.01 g/100g protein, respectively). Thus, RH 0749 was observed as a potent variety in terms of total antioxidant activity, metal ion chelating activity, protein content, methionine and tryptophan content

Evaluation and diversity analysis in Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss.] germplasm accessions on the basis of principal component analysis

Principal component analysis was carried out with 20 morphological traits (including quantitative as well as qualitative) among 96 germplasm lines of Indian mustard [Brassica juncea (L.) Czern & Coss.]. Principal factor analysis led to the identification of eight principal components (PCs) which explained about 70.41% variability. The first principal component (PC1) explained 16.21% of the total variation. The remaining PC’s explained progressively lesser and lesser of the total variation. Varimax Rotation enabled loading of similar type of variables on a common principal factor (PF) permitting to designate them as yield factor, maturity factor and oil factor etc. Based on PF scores and cluster mean values the germplasm accessions viz., RC2, RC32 and RC51 (cluster I), RC95 and RC96 (cluster X) were found superior for seed yield/plant and yield related factors like primary and secondary branches/plant; while the accessions RC34, RC185 and RC195 (cluster III) and RC53 (cluster VIII) were found superior for oil content. These accessions may further be utilized in breeding programmes for evolving mustard varieties having high seed yield and oil content. Hierarchical cluster analysis resulted into ten clusters containing two to 26 accessions. The results of cluster and principal factor analyses were in confirmation of each other

Evaluation of Phenotypic Trait Analysis Of Cucumber Germplasm

The present research work has 24 genotypes of cucumber were evaluated to find out their similarities and differences based on numerical traits. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design (RBCD) with two replications. Numerical traits of the genotypes were measured according to the coding criteria specified by European Cooperative Programmed for Plant Genetics Resources (ECPGR) 2008. Data showed great variation for almost all the traits. Maximum germination (67.5%) was observed in genotype Mardan local while minimum germination (17.5%) was recorded in genotype 28295. The genotypes Haripur local and 28293 showed early flowering. Similarly highest yield was observed in USA Poinsett, Dargai local and Mardan local. These genotypes could be chosen for crossing with other genotypes like 28295 and Sialkot selection having low germination rate and low yield to get a better genotype of cucumber with high germination and maximum yield. Correlation analysis represent that yield was positively correlated with fruit length (.523** Ple0.01) and fruit width (.439* Ple0.01). While fruit per plant showed positive significant correlation with vine length. Present findings are applicable in cucumber cultivation in swat and other areas with similar climatic conditions. This will intern help to improve the economic return and revenue generation of the farmers

Prevalence of Extended-Spectrum Beta- Lactamase-Producing Gram-Negative Pathogens

Aim: This study determined the prevalence of extended spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL) producing Gram negative bacilli (GNB) and its genetic variants in clinical infections. Method: A total of 359 non-duplicate GNB were recovered from various clinical samples which were aseptically collected and processed following standard microbiological methods. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried out by standard disk diffusion method. ESBLs producers were confirmed by combination disk test and their genetic variants determined by polymerase chain reaction-based protocols. Results: Among 359 GNB, 94 (26.2%) produced ESBL which were mainly distributed across genera as Citrobacter (n=27; 28.7%), Escherichia (n=25; 26.6%), Klebsiella (n=14; 14.9%) Enterobacter (n=12; 12.8%) and Proteus (n=5; 5.3%). Urine was the main source of ESBL producers (n-35; 37.2%) but ESBL production was most prevalent among isolates from sputum (35.7%). Among bacterial species, Klebsiella pneuminiae had the highest prevalence of ESBL- producing phenotypes (44.8%), followed by Enterobacter cloacae (38.5%), Citrobacter freundii (37.7%), Enterobacter aerogenes (36.8%) and Escherichia coli (29.8%). Seventeen bacteria (19.8%) had single ESBL genes while 69 (80.2%) had multiple genes of which 24 harboured blaTEM, blaSHV and blaCTX-M, 40 harboured blaCTX-M and blaTEM, three haboured blaCTX-M and blaSHV and two haboured blaTEM and blaSHV. Among the ESBL-producing strains, blaCTX-M was the most common harboured gene (74; 78.7%), closely followed by blaTEM (72; 76.6%). Conclusion: This study reveals a high prevalence of ESBL-producing bacteria which could complicate antibiotic treatment of clinical infections. There is a need for continuous antibiotic resistance surveillance to inform improved antibiotic stewardship and infection prevention and control