2,442 research outputs found
The Role of Consciousness in Memory
Conscious events interact with memory systems in learning, rehearsal and retrieval (Ebbinghaus 1885/1964; Tulving 1985). Here we present hypotheses that arise from the IDA computional model (Franklin, Kelemen and McCauley 1998; Franklin 2001b) of global workspace theory (Baars 1988, 2002). Our primary tool for this exploration is a flexible cognitive cycle employed by the IDA computational model and hypothesized to be a basic element of human cognitive processing. Since cognitive cycles are hypothesized to occur five to ten times a second and include interaction between conscious contents and several of the memory systems, they provide the means for an exceptionally fine-grained analysis of various cognitive tasks. We apply this tool to the small effect size of subliminal learning compared to supraliminal learning, to process dissociation, to implicit learning, to recognition vs. recall, and to the availability heuristic in recall. The IDA model elucidates the role of consciousness in the updating of perceptual memory, transient episodic memory, and procedural memory. In most cases, memory is hypothesized to interact with conscious events for its normal functioning. The methodology of the paper is unusual in that the hypotheses and explanations presented are derived from an empirically based, but broad and qualitative computational model of human cognition
âThe very wound of this ill newsâ:Maximilien Morillon and the impact of bad news during the early years of the Dutch Revolt, 1566â74
This article demonstrates the importance that inhabitants of the sixteenth-century Netherlands, in particular members of the elite, attached to the unpleasant effects of bad news, such as ill health, feelings of uncertainty, and discouragement. It aims to show this through the case study of the correspondence of Maximilien Morillon (1517â1586), vicar-general of Mechelen and one of the most prolific letter writers from this period. Historians have conceded that the study of news and propaganda constitutes an essential part in understanding the dynamics of early modern conflicts. Yet while they have focused on the content of reports and methods of dissemination, little attention has been paid to the perceived effects of news on its recipients. Within the emotional turn, historians have studied early modern emotional states of grief, anxiety, and depression. Yet their connection with the study of news can arguably be made more explicit. In this article I will synthesize both areas of research, demonstrating how Morillon perceived the impact of bad news during the first years of the Dutch Revolt
Imaging the Radio Photospheres of Mira Variables
We have used the VLA at 43 GHz to image the radio continuum emission from o
Ceti, R Leo, and W Hya and to precisely locate their SiO maser emission with
respect to the star. The radio continuum emission region for all three stars
has a diameter close to 5.6 AU. These diameters are similar to those measured
at infrared wavelengths in bands containing strong molecular opacity and about
twice those measured in line-free regions of the infrared spectrum. Thus, the
radio photosphere and the infrared molecular layer appear to be coextensive.
The 43 GHz continuum emission is consistent with temperatures near 1600 K and
opacity from H-minus free-free interactions. While the continuum image of o
Ceti appears nearly circular, both R Leo and W Hya display significant
elongations. The SiO masers for all three stars show partial rings with
diameters close to 8 AU.Comment: 14 pages; 3 figure
Detection of Optical Synchrotron Emission from the Radio Jet of 3C279
We report the detection of optical and ultraviolet emission from the
kiloparsec scale jet of the well-known quasar 3C~279. A bright knot, discovered
in archival V and U band {\it Hubble Space Telescope} Faint Object Camera
images, is coincident with a peak in the radio jet \sim0.6\arcsec from the
nucleus. The detection was also confirmed in Wide Field Planetary Camera-2
images. Archival Very Large Array and MERLIN radio data are also analyzed which
help to show that the high-energy optical/UV continuum, and spectrum, are
consistent with a synchrotron origin from the same population of relativistic
electrons responsible for the radio emission.Comment: 6 pages, 3 figs. accepted for publication in ApJL with minor
revision
Near-Field Radio Holography of Large Reflector Antennas
We summarise the mathematical foundation of the holographic method of
measuring the reflector profile of an antenna or radio telescope. In
particular, we treat the case, where the signal source is located at a finite
distance from the antenna under test, necessitating the inclusion of the
so-called Fresnel field terms in the radiation integrals. We assume a ``full
phase'' system with reference receiver to provide the reference phase. We
describe in some detail the hardware and software implementation of the system
used for the holographic measurement of the 12m ALMA prototype submillimeter
antennas. We include a description of the practicalities of a measurement and
surface setting. The results for both the VertexRSI and AEC
(Alcatel-EIE-Consortium) prototype ALMA antennas are presented.Comment: 14 pages, 14 figures, to appear in IEEE Antennas and Propagation
Magazine, Vol. 49, No. 5, October 2007. Version 2 includes nice mug-shots of
the author
De eerste Nederlandse persfoto
De eerste Nederlandse persfoto wordt standaard toegeschreven aan een foto in de Katholieke Illustratie van de gevolgen van een brand in Raamsdonk in 1885. Het is, geredeneerd naar de maatstaven van wat we tegenwoordig als nieuws definiëren, een klassieke nieuwsgebeurtenis. Het is echter nog maar de vraag of dit inderdaad de eerste nieuwsfoto is. Wie oude nummers van de
Katholieke Illustratie doorbladert, vindt meer fotoâs die in aanmerking komen als eerste persfoto. Minstens twee eerder gepubliceerde fotoâs kunnen evengoed beschouwd worden als persfoto. Het gaat hierbij vooral om definities. Wat is nieuws? Wat is een persfoto? Of, nog fundamenteler, wat is een foto
Radio Emission Signatures in the Crab Pulsar
Our high time resolution observations of individual pulses from the Crab
pulsar show that both the time and frequency signatures of the interpulse are
distinctly different from those of the main pulse. Main pulses can occasionally
be resolved into short-lived, relatively narrow-band nanoshots. We believe
these nanoshots are produced by soliton collapse in strong plasma turbulence.
Interpulses at centimeter wavelengths are very different. Their dynamic
spectrum contains regular, microsecond-long emission bands. We have detected
these bands, proportionately spaced in frequency, from 4.5 to 10.5 GHz. The
bands cannot easily be explained by any current theory of pulsar radio
emission; we speculate on possible new models.Comment: 26 pages, 10 figures, to appear in Ap
Imaging the Ionized Disk of the High-Mass Protostar Orion-I
We have imaged the enigmatic radio source-I (Orion-I) in the Orion-KL nebula
with the VLA at 43 GHz with 34 mas angular resolution. The continuum emission
is highly elongated and is consistent with that expected from a nearly edge-on
disk. The high brightness and lack of strong molecular lines from Orion-I can
be used to argue against emission from dust. Collisional ionization and H-minus
free-free opacity, as in Mira variables, require a central star with >10^5
Lsun, which is greater than infrared observations allow. However, if
significant local heating associated with accretion occurs, lower total
luminosities are possible. Alternatively, photo-ionization from an early B-type
star and p+/e- bremsstrahlung can explain our observations, and Orion-I may be
an example of ionized accretion disk surrounding a forming massive star. Such
accretion disks may not be able to form planets efficiently.Comment: 16 pages, 1 table, 3 figure
De Hoge Born verbindt: kwaliteiten en effecten van zorgboerderij De Hoge Born
De Hoge Born blijkt voor zorgvragers een plek te zijn 'waar je mag zijn wie je bent', waar 'je jezelf met je problemen leert accepteren' en 'zelfvertrouwen en eigenwaarde ontwikkelt'. Dit legt een basis voor hun verdere ontwikkeling. Bij de meeste zorgvragers die langere tijd zijn gevolgd met het monitoringsinstrument werden betrouwbare positieve veranderingen vastgestel
- âŠ