A New Approximate Method for Earthquake Behaviour of Worship Buildings

Turkey is in seismically active region, so many earthquakes occur in this country in the last decades. Ancient worship buildings are vulnerable to seismic activity, as many historical buildings. So, it is important to understand that building’s behavior under seismic actions. In this paper, fifteen masonry worship building has been selected which are located and built-in different region in Antalya. The main reason for the paper is to assess the seismic vulnerability of worship building by using a new approximate method. The method which is proposed in this paper aims at a simple and fast procedure based on a simplified geometric approach for immediate screening of masonry buildings at risk

Seismic Performance Evaluation of RC Buildings Using Irregularity Based Indices

Earthquakes may cause structural and non-structural severefig damage and failure during seismic excitations. These collapses and damages start from the weak points of the structures. The reason for these weak points in structures is the mass, rigidity, and discontinuity in the geometry of the structure. These vertical irregularities are one of the major reasons for the failure of structures during earthquakes. Fifteen models are considered in this project to examine the behavior of the building with different heights and vertical irregularities. The seismic response of these selected setback frame structures have been compared with regular frame structures using finite element method-based software SAP2000 v22. In this work regular and setback models of 5 storey, 9 storey, and 13 storey RC frames are considered for modal and dynamic analysis by considering earthquake loads. Furthermore, irregularities indexes comparisons are carried out and discussed in detail for models. The methods used for the analysis are the static method and time history method

A pushover methodology based on directed modal combination and energy based displacement for seismic performance evaluation of buildings

Yapıların deprem güvenliğinin belirlenmesi son yıllara meydana gelen yıkıcı depremlerden sonra önemli bir konu haline gelmiştir. Bu alanda pek çok çalışma yapılmış ve araştırma sonuçları yönetmeliklerde yer almaya başlamıştır. Bu tez kapsamında, yapıların deprem performansının belirlenmesinde yüksek mod etkilerini dikkate almak amacıyla yönlü modal birleştirme ve enerji esaslı yeni bir artımsal itme analiz yöntemi geliştirilmiştir. Yöntemde, yapının deprem sırasındaki davranışının daha gerçekçi belirlenmesi için yapının elastik ötesi davranışa geçtikten sonra her bir ardışık plastik mafsal oluşum adımında, plastik mafsallarda tüketilen plastik enerjilerin toplanması ile hesaplanan yapının toplam plastik enerjisi dikkate alınmıştır. Analizdeki her bir hesap adımındaki yapısal tepkiler, o adımdaki modlara bağlı hesaplanan modal büyüklükler dikkate alınarak, karelerinin toplamının karekökü yönteminin bu tez kapsamında geliştirilen özel bir şekli olan yönlü modal birleştirme kuralı ile bulunmaktadır. Buna bağlı olarak yapının deprem performansının belirlenmesinde kullanılacak yapı plastik enerji kapasite eğrisinin oluşturulması amaçlanmıştır. Seçilen örnek betonarme yapıların, klasik artımsal itme analizi yöntemleri ve geliştirilen yöntemle analizleri yapılmış, elde edilen sonuçlar zaman tanım alanında analiz sonuçları ile karşılaştırılarak geliştirilen yöntem ile ilgili irdelemeler yapılmıştır. After recent catastrophic earthquakes, evaluation of the earthquake safety of existing buildings becomes an important issue. In this research area, many studies are conducted and results obtained from these studies are started to include in earthquake codes. In the present thesis, for considering higher modal effects, a new directed modal combination and energy based pushover analysis method is developed. In this method, total plastic energy consumption of structure is obtained after beginning the inelastic behavior by summing plastic energy consumed at each plastic hinge for each consecutive plastic hinge formation steps. Structural responses for each computation steps are calculated by the special form of square root of the sum of the squares rule, which is developed in this thesis by considering instantaneous modal quantities. Following these calculations, it is aimed to construct structural plastic energy capacity curve for determining earthquake performance of a structure. In the examples, designed reinforced concrete buildings are analyzed by traditional pushover analysis procedures and the proposed procedure and obtained results are compared with the nonlinear time history analysis

Seismic fragility analysis of traditional himis structures in Turkey

It is extremely important to better understand the behavior of existing buildings against earthquakes, to reduce the damage that may occur in these structures in future earthquakes, and to repair and strengthen them when necessary. Studies on the earthquake behavior of traditional Himis structures, which constitute a large part of the historical urban fabric in Turkey, are not quite enough. So, using existing example types, the purpose of this study is to examine, wooden himis frame Turkish structures according to seismic loads. In this study, the earthquake performance of traditional Turkish himis structures under different earthquake accelerations and the behavior of structures in earthquakes were investigated. Himis structures are also evaluated in terms of their studs types, as well as material details. The buildings were modeled based on the finite element model approach by Sap2000 V22 software, their dynamic characteristics were determined and time history analyses were performed to obtain drift ratio. Furthermore, the seismic demand of the Himis structure types was defined and compared. Finally, to assess seismic risk and damage estimation, a probabilistic assessment was carried out and the fragility curves for each building type were derived

Earthquake analysis of historical Basdurak Mosque

Masonry historical monuments that connecting the past and the present are of major importance in terms of reflecting the knowledge and property of different cultures. This explains that why the protection of historic monuments is so important. The preservation of the historical monuments that constitute our historical and cultural heritage is only possible if they are examined in detail, their problems are solved and their solution methods and techniques are improved. One historical masonry mosque was selected to study in this paper. The mosque is modeled and analyzed by using SAP2000 finite element software in accordance with the dimensions of an architectural building survey. Seismic assessment of the monument was carried out via three-dimensional time-history dynamic analyses of the structure. Minimum and maximum values of displacements, base shear. and stress were interpreted, and the results were displayed graphically and discussed the earthquake motion was applied in two different directions which is X and Y The seismic capacity of this building has been determined for varied earthquake grade. As a result of the analysis, displacements, stresses (tensile and compressive), base shear force were calculated under the effect of earthquakes. The Structural safety of the mosque was evaluated, and three-dimensional finite element analysis gave a general idea about the structural performance of the mosque

Seismic retrofitting of an existing industrial structure for converting into an education building

At the earthquake prone zones, it is important to satisfy adequate seismic resistance of structures. Current seismic codes are mainly focused on the regulations for new building. However, earthquakes occurred especially in last decades, showed that existing building stocks do not have a sufficient resistance. For evaluating seismic resistance of existing structures new analysis methodologies arc developed in recent years. These analysis methods enable the identification of seismic performance of an existing structure. Old industrial buildings located in the in the city center, usually either being demolished or use of a different purpose for making renovations. Demolition of the existing buildings with insufficient seismic safety is generally preferred but is not possible in some cases. En this paper, seismic analysis of an existing industrial structure converted into an education building is introduced. According to performed analysis, proposed seismic retrofitting technique is briefly described. As a result of retrofitting existing industrial structure, life of the building is extended and new function is assigned

Energy consumption of RC buildings during their life cycle

Studies on the total energy use during the life cycle of reinforced concrete buildings are desirable, considering the urgent necessity to save energy. Life cycle of buildings includes different phases which are the manufacture of the building materials, transportation, construction of the building, occupancy, renovation, demolition and removal of the materials from debris. However, there have been few studies are on the total energy use during the life cycle of buildings. Researches are mainly focused oil the energy use for buildings during their period of use. In the present study, the total energy use of ordinary reinforced concrete buildings in Izmir during their life cycle is investigated and their energy consumptions are calculated for all temporal phases separately

Performance based design using life cycle cost analysis

Life cycle cost analyses is one of the useful tool for evaluating the lifespan performance of buildings. The sum of initial and future costs associated with the construction and operation of a building over a period of life time is determined by life cycle cost analysis. In this study, a moment-resisting steel building is designed using various base shear values and the life cycle cost of each design is determined for different earthquake intensities. Static pushover analysis is used to calculate yield base shear value of each design and initial costs, the cost of the expected damages caused by earthquakes that are expected to occur during the design life of the buildings are estimated. The optimum economic design of the steel building is determined by using yield base shear and total cost values

Strengthening of masonry railway station building for sustainable future

Improving seismic resistance of historic masonry buildings have become a major task for structural engineers. In order to extend the service life and apply the new building regulations to existing masonry buildings, an approach based on multi-level evaluation with an appropriate intervention strategy is necessary. Structural interventions should account social, environmental and economic influences in order to incorporate safety, eco-efficiency and sustainability. In this study, a historical masonry railway station building, constructed in Usak city of Turkey, is analyzed according to Turkish Seismic Code and based on the results; seismic performance of the building is evaluated. Vulnerable parts of the structural system are identified by earthquake safety analysis. Afterwards, strengthening intervention technique is proposed for improving buildings seismic response. Outcomes of the numerical analysis show that proposed strengthening methodology improved building seismic capacity significantly and reduced the probability of brittle failure of the masonry parts