Le corpus lexical de l’habitat inuit de l’Arctique oriental canadien

Les Inuit de l’Arctique canadien (Nunavik et Nunavut actuels), avant leur sédentarisation qui se fit largement durant la décennie 1950-1960, avaient un mode de vie nomade et saisonnier. Ils organisaient leur type d’habitat (iglu) en conséquence, comme l’a fort bien décrit Mauss (1999, p. 390) dans son étude sur la morphologie sociale des sociétés inuit : « suivant les saisons, la manière dont les hommes se regroupent, l’étendue, la forme de leur habitat, la nature de leurs établissements chan..

Souvenirs de Michèle Therrien

Lundi 21 octobre 1996 : rentrée universitaire en 1re année de langue et culture inuit à l’Inalco, dans la classe de Michèle Therrien. Je découvre la femme avec laquelle je me suis déjà longuement entretenu au téléphone. Elle est vive et menue, longs cheveux noirs tombant sur les épaules. Je suis à ce moment loin d’imaginer que nous deviendrons si proches pendant tant d’années. Je lui avais écrit quelques mois plus tôt que je voulais étudier la langue inuit. Cependant, parce que je vivais à Br..

Excellence Mapping: Bibliometric study of the productivity and the impact of scientific publications of the JRC: Mapping of scientific areas and application areas: Volume 2: Analysis of the JRC collaborations with world academic institutions

The present report is the second volume of the Joint Research Centre (JRC) excellence mapping. While the first volume concentrates on the productivity and the impact of the JRC scientific work, in terms of publications and citations, in general, the present volume analyses a particular subset of publications that have been jointly produced with scientists from other organisations. In particular, it analyses the co-authored publications between the JRC and the world academic institutions, which are highly ranked in different world university rankings. In the context of this analysis, three different rankings have been used (Times higher education ranking, QS world university ranking and Academic ranking of world universities) and the Top-100 academic institutions in each of them have been analysed in order to investigate: 1) the existence of formal agreements with the JRC; 2) number of co-authored publications with the JRC and 3) the scientific areas where the collaborations occur.JRC.A.2-Planning, Evaluation and Knowledge Managemen

Horizon 2020-funded security research projects with dual-use potential: An overview (2014-2018)

The analysis carried out in this report facilitates the identification of dual-use research topics and projects funded under Horizon 2020 that have a dual-use civilian/military potential, the results of which could be applied both by security and defence stakeholders (including industry). In this way, it could support the future security and defence research programmes in their attempt of avoiding duplication of investments and promoting synergies.JRC.E.7-Knowledge for Security and Migratio

JRC horizon scanning on dual-use civil and military research

This report presents the results of a horizon scanning exercise carried out by the JRC, aiming at identifying “emerging” issues displaying potentiality for dual-use research and further applications, i.e. use of civilian research outcomes for defence purposes and vice versa. The exercise allowed the identification of 14 issues, seven of which being further commented: six perceived as having very high relevance for dual-use applications in short- to mid-term (between now and ca. 10 years), plus one assessed as emerging at the longer-term. Interestingly four issues out of these seven ones fall entirely or partially under the realm of biology: “Multifunctional materials”, “CRISPR and genetic manipulations”, “Enhancing humans” and “Synthetic biology”. All together, these thematic issues, actually interrelated, show that the importance of the manipulation of the living, including that of human bodies, with all its aspects, positive and negative, bright and dark, defensive and offensive, is expected to increase in time and impact.JRC.E.7-Knowledge for Security and Migratio

Excellence mapping: Bibliometric study of the productivity and the impact of scientific publications of the JRC: Mapping of scientific areas and application areas: Volume 1: General analysis and benchmarking

This report analyses the productivity and the impact of the scientific work of the Joint Research Centre (JRC) in specific scientific areas by means of publications and citations analysis in order to identify and map areas of excellence. The excellence mapping is structured as two volumes: the first volume concentrates on benchmarking the scientific publications and the second one on aspects of scientific collaborations. In order to benchmark the JRC impact, five indicators based on citations and size-independent metrics are used. On the basis of these indicators, the JRC performance is compared with the Top-15 organisations in the world having the highest absolute number of citations in a given scientific area, and against the world average.JRC.A.2-Planning, Evaluation and Knowledge Managemen

An intervention study to prevent relapse in patients with schizophrenia

Purpose: To determine whether the use of relapse prevention plans (RPPs) in nursing practice is an effective intervention in reducing relapse rates among patients with schizophrenia. Design and Methods: Experimental design. Patients with schizophrenia (or a related psychotic disorder) and nurses from three mental health organizations were randomly assigned to either an experimental (RPP) or control condition (care as usual). The primary outcome measure was the psychotic relapses in the research groups. Results: The relapse rates in the experimental and control groups after 1-year follow-up were 12.5% and 26.2%, respectively (p=.12, ns). The relative risk of a relapse in the experimental versus the control group was 0.48(ns). Conclusions: In this study no statistically significant effects of the intervention were found. Effectiveness research in this area should be continued with larger sample sizes and longer follow-up periods

Security and defence research in the European Union: a landscape review

This landscape report describes the state of play of the European Union’s policies and activities in security and defence and the EU-funded research aimed at supporting them, with an exclusive focus on intentional harm. It is organised around several thematic building blocks under the umbrella of the three core priorities defined in the European agenda on security. The report reviews the current main risks and threats but also those that may emerge within the next 5 years, the policy and operational means developed to combat them, the main active stakeholders and the EU legislation in force. In this context, a short history of EU research on security and defence is presented, followed by an inventory of relevant research and development projects funded under the Horizon 2020 framework programme during the period 2014-2018. The specific contributions of the Joint Research Centre to security research are also highlighted. Finally, future avenues for security and defence research and development are discussed. Please note that the executive summary of this landscape report has been published simultaneously as a companion document.JRC.E.7-Knowledge for Security and Migratio

Characterisation of Metallothionein Isoforms by Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatography with On-Line UV and Electrochemical Detection

Four metellothioneins (MTs), rabbit liver MT (RL), MT-1 (RL-1) and MT-2 (RL-2) and horse kidney MT (HK), were subjected to reversed-phase HPLC with on-line UV and electrochemical (EC) detection, the latter comprising of a graphite electrode. The MTs are found to exhibit a different polymorphism and the varioius peaks differ in their detectability depending on the detection mode. RL-2 (1 major peak) and HK (3 peaks) have peak patterns which are stable with time and varying pH, all peaks being detected by EC and UV modes. The 2 other MTs also exhibit peaks which are eluted within the same retention time range as the previous mentioned MTs and which giveEC and UV signals (3 peaks for RL-1 and 3 for RL), but which also shows some other peaks - eluted earlier - which are perfectily detected in UV but not or very little in EC. Stable with time at neutral and basic pH, the RL-1 and RL chromatograms are highly evolutional in acid pH. We can therefore assume that the peaks detected by both EC and UV modes correspond to the original thiol containing isoforms, while those less hydrophobic of RL-1 and RL correspond to modified species.JRC.D-Institute for Reference Materials and Measurements (Geel

Non-humains (« esprits ») et cycles saisonnier et circadien chez les Inuit canadiens

Dans la pensée inuit, le monde sensible était non seulement peuplé d’humains et d’animaux, mais également d’une multitude d’êtres non humains (autres que les animaux), souvent dénommés « esprits », aux caractéristiques presque aussi variées qu’il est possible d’en imaginer et formant des sociétés originales. Un trait pourtant semble les distinguer de ce que les ethnographes rapportent bien souvent de leurs enquêtes à travers les continents : les non-humains inuit n’apparaissent pas ontologiquement liés au monde de la nuit et de l’obscurité. Une singularité que l’on propose de mettre en correspondance avec cette autre ligne de force de la pensée inuit qui voit dans les relations entre obscurité et lumière, et entre nuit et jour, continuité plutôt qu’opposition.In Inuit thought, the perceptible world was not only populated by humans and animals, but also by a multitude of nonhuman beings (other than animals), often called “spirits”, with the most varied characteristics imaginable and forming original societies. However, one trait seems to distinguish them from what ethnographers quite often report about their investigations across the continents: Inuit nonhumans appear not to be ontologically linked to the world of night and darkness. Here this unique feature is linked to that other keystone of Inuit thought which see continuity rather than opposition in relations between darkness and light, night and day