3,490 research outputs found
Japanese "Budō" in South East Asia : "Shōrinji Kempō" in Indonesia
Globalization, Localization, and Japanese Studies in the Asia-Pacific Region : Past, Present, Future, シンガポール Orchard Parade Hotel, 2004年10月28日-31
Expanding Insight into Asymmetric Palladium-Catalyzed Allylic Alkylation of N-Heterocyclic Molecules and Cyclic Ketones
Eeny, meeny, miny … enaminones! Lactams and imides have been shown to consistently provide enantioselectivities substantially higher than other substrate classes previously investigated in the palladium-catalyzed asymmetric decarboxylative allylic alkylation. Several new substrates have been designed to probe the contributions of electronic, steric, and stereoelectronic factors that distinguish the lactam/imide series as superior alkylation substrates (see scheme). These studies culminated in marked improvements on carbocyclic allylic alkylation substrates
Complexation of DNA with Cationic Surfactant
Transfection of an anionic polynucleotide through a negatively charged
membrane is an important problem in genetic engineering. The direct association
of cationic surfactant to DNA decreases the effective negative charge of the
nucleic acid, allowing the DNA-surfactant complex to approach a negatively
charged membrane. The paper develops a theory for solutions composed of
polyelectrolyte, salt, and ionic surfactant. The theoretical predictions are
compared with the experimental measurements.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figure
An Introduction to Product Essentiality: Conceptualisation and Measurement
Moments of crisis such as pandemics, hyperinflation, or natural disasters cause societies, governments, companies, and individuals to reflect on their priorities and essential needs. However, there is no concept or theory that links human needs to the consumption of goods and services. With this in mind, we introduce the product essentiality concept and a method to measure the essentiality level of a group of products. We used a survey questionnaire and quantitative methodology to illustrate the concept and propose that it can be reasonably approximated by a measure of perceived essentiality. Our analysis examined the influence of location, gender, and family income on the perceived essentiality of general goods and services. For this, a sample of Business and Management students in Brazil and the UK classified 81 products as ‘essential’ or ‘superfluous’. Our findings and analyses show that applying the essentiality concept and its measurement can be consistent and useful for reflecting on what is essential and what is not. This study provides preliminary insights on product portfolio essentiality measurements suggesting it is significantly affected by location rather than gender and income. The results can help organisations to rethink their product portfolios, designs, and assist sustainable development policies
Entanglement, Mixedness, and Spin-Flip Symmetry in Multiple-Qubit Systems
A relationship between a recently introduced multipartite entanglement
measure, state mixedness, and spin-flip symmetry is established for any finite
number of qubits. It is also shown that, within those classes of states
invariant under the spin-flip transformation, there is a complementarity
relation between multipartite entanglement and mixedness. A number of example
classes of multiple-qubit systems are studied in light of this relationship.Comment: To appear in Physical Review A; submitted 14 May 200
Continuous quantum measurement of a double dot
We consider the continuous measurement of a double quantum dot by a weakly
coupled detector (tunnel point contact nearby). While the conventional approach
describes the gradual system decoherence due to the measurement, we study the
situation when the detector output is explicitly recorded that leads to the
opposite effect: gradual purification of the double-dot density matrix.
Nonlinear Langevin equation is derived for the random evolution of the density
matrix which is reflected and caused by the stochastic detector output. Gradual
collapse, gradual purification, and quantum Zeno effect are naturally described
by the equation. We also discuss the possible experiments to confirm the
theory.Comment: Extended version (6 pages) of quant-ph/9807051, published in PR
Gravitational wave bursts from cusps and kinks on cosmic strings
The strong beams of high-frequency gravitational waves (GW) emitted by cusps
and kinks of cosmic strings are studied in detail. As a consequence of these
beams, the stochastic ensemble of GW's generated by a cosmological network of
oscillating loops is strongly non Gaussian, and includes occasional sharp
bursts that stand above the ``confusion'' GW noise made of many smaller
overlapping bursts. Even if only 10% of all string loops have cusps these
bursts might be detectable by the planned GW detectors LIGO/VIRGO and LISA for
string tensions as small as . In the implausible case
where the average cusp number per loop oscillation is extremely small, the
smaller bursts emitted by the ubiquitous kinks will be detectable by LISA for
string tensions as small as . We show that the strongly
non Gaussian nature of the stochastic GW's generated by strings modifies the
usual derivation of constraints on from pulsar timing experiments. In
particular the usually considered ``rms GW background'' is, when G \mu \gaq
10^{-7}, an overestimate of the more relevant confusion GW noise because it
includes rare, intense bursts. The consideration of the confusion GW noise
suggests that a Grand Unified Theory (GUT) value is
compatible with existing pulsar data, and that a modest improvement in pulsar
timing accuracy could detect the confusion noise coming from a network of cuspy
string loops down to . The GW bursts discussed here might
be accompanied by Gamma Ray Bursts.Comment: 24 pages, 3 figures, Revtex, submitted to Phys. Rev.
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