Effects of Rosiglitazone with Insulin Combination Therapy on Oxidative Stress and Lipid Profile in Left Ventricular Muscles of Diabetic Rats

. Purpose. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that rosiglitazone (RSG) with insulin is able to quench oxidative stress initiated by high glucose through prevention of NAD(P)H oxidase activation. Methods and Materials. Male albino Wistar rats were randomly divided into an untreated control group (C), a diabetic group (D) that was treated with a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (45 mgkg −1 ), and rosiglitazone group that was treated with RSG twice daily by gavage and insulin once daily by subcutaneous injection (group B). HbA1c and blood glucose levels in the circulation and malondialdehyde and 3-nitrotyrosine levels in left ventricular muscle were measured. Result. Treatment of D rats with group B resulted in a time-dependent decrease in blood glucose. We found that the lipid profile and HbA1c levels in group B reached the control group D rat values at the end of the treatment period. There was an increase in 3-nitrotyrosine levels in group D compared to group C. Malondialdehyde and 3-nitrotyrosine levels were found to be decreased in group B compared to group D (P < 0.05). Conclusion. Our data suggests that the treatment of diabetic rats with group B for 8 weeks may decrease the oxidative/nitrosative stress in left ventricular tissue of rats. Thus, in diabetes-related vascular diseases, group B treatment may be cardioprotective

The Effect of N-acetylcysteine on Biomarkers for Radiation-Induced Oxidative Damage in a Rat Model

Our study aimed to investigate the potential radioprotective effects of N-acetylcysteine (NAC) by comparing its biochemical effects with those of WR-2721, as a representative of clinically used radioprotectors, in preventing oxidative damage caused by gamma irradiation (single dose, 6Gy) in normal rat tissue. The rats (n=40) were divided randomly and equally into 4 groups:Control (C), Radiation (R), R+NAC (received irradiation and 1,000mg/kg NAC) and R&#65291;WR-2721 (received irradiation and 200mg/kg WR-2721) rats. Liver tissues and blood samples were harvested and utilized for reduced glutathione (GSH), malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) detection. Serum and tissue GSH levels of R rats decreased compared to those of other groups (p&#60;0.01). Tissue MDA levels of R+NAC and R+WR-2721 rats decreased compared to R rats (p&#60;0.01;p&#60;0.05, respectively). Tissue MPO activities of R+NAC and R+WR-2721 rats were higher than those of R rats (p&#60;0.001). Serum MPO levels of R+WR-2721 rats were lower than those of C rats and R rats (p&#60;0.01, p&#60;0.001, respectively). In conclusion, the study suggests that the radioprotective effect against radiation-induced oxidative damage of NAC may be similar to that of WR-2721.</p

The effects of exogenous l-carnitine on lipid peroxidation and tissue damage in an experimental warm hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury model

AbstractBackground: l-Carnitine is the essential endogenous factor for the transport of long-chain fatty acids from the cytoplasm to within the mitochondrion where the β-oxidation process takes place. l-Carnitine is a superoxide scavenger and an antioxidant that possesses an anti-ischemic action and a stabilizing effect on cell membranes. It may be of help in liver ischemia reperfusion injury. Results regarding the effects of l-carnitine on liver ischemia and reperfusion injury are few and conflicting.Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the efficacy of exogenous l-carnitine on lipid peroxidation and protecting liver at different stages of experimental total warm hepatic ischemia-reperfusion (TWHIR) procedure in rats.Methods: This experimental study in healthy, weanling, male Wistar rats (weighing 180–200 g) was conducted at the Experimental Animal Research Laboratory of the Faculty of Medicine of Mersin University, Mersin, Turkey. Rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: (A) Control group; (B) TWHIR procedure only; (C) l-carnitine administered 2 hours before the TWHIR procedure; (D) l-carnitine administered just before the TWHIR procedure; and (E) l-carnitine administered after total warm hepatic ischemia but just before the reperfusion procedure. Total warm hepatic ischemia (via the Pringle maneuver) and reperfusion were performed for 45 and 30 minutes, respectively. l-Carnitine (200 mg/kg) was administered intravenously. At the end of each procedure a blood sample was drawn and total hepatectomy was performed following reperfusion. Malondialdehyde (MDA) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) levels of both plasma and liver tissue, total antioxidant capacity (TAOC), alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels in plasma, and histopathologic examination were analyzed to assess lipid peroxidation and damage in liver tissue.Results: Thirty-four rats (mean [SD]age, 59.26 [1.2]days; mean [SD] weight, 194.1 [5.1] g) were used in the study. There was a significant difference observed between groups A (n = 5) and B (n = 5) for all evaluation parameters. The TWHIR procedure performed in group B was associated with significant increases versus baseline in ALT, AST, MDA, and MPO in plasma, and MDA and MPO in liver tissue, but a significant decrease of TAOC in plasma. ALT, AST, serum and liver MDA, and MPO levels of group B were significantly higher than all groups administered l-carnitine. l-Carnitine administration between total warm hepatic ischemia and reperfusion was associated with a significant attenuation in all parameters. The liver MDA levels of groups C (n = 8) and D (n = 8) were significantly lower than that of group E (n = 8) (mean [SD]: C, 16.53 [3.32] and D, 18.28 [1.67] vs E, 23.05 [3.52]; P = 0.001 and P = 0.016, respectively). The mean (SD) liver MPO level of group C (1.09 [0.16]) was significantly lower than that of groups D (2.12 [0.25]) and E (2.11 [0.28]) (both, P = 0.001). The TAOC of group B (0.77 [0.12]) was significantly lower than that of groups C (1.34 [0.19]) and D (1.08 [0.20]) (P = 0.001 and P = 0.015, respectively). The TAOC of group C was significantly higher than that of the other l-carnitine groups (E, 0.94 [0.13]) (P = 0.023 vs group D; and P = 0.001 vs group E). Histopathologic scores of groups A, C, and E were significantly lower than that of group B, but the difference between groups B and D was not statistically significant.Conclusions: In this experimental study, administration of exogenous l-carnitine was associated with significantly decreased lipid peroxidation in plasma and liver tissue when administered prior to a TWHIR procedure. In addition, l-carnitine seemed to be more effective with regard to decreasing lipid peroxidation in liver tissue when administered before warm hepatic ischemia. l-Carnitine was associated with significantly decreased leukocyte sequestration in plasma and liver tissue. A significant increase in TAOC was associated with l-carnitine administered prior to ischemia. These observations suggest that l-carnitine might have a protective effect against ischemia-reperfusion injury in rat liver tissue

Expression levels of maternal plasma microRNAs in preeclamptic pregnancies

The present study aimed to identify the differential expression profiles of microRNAs in the plasma between patients with preeclampsia (PE) and healthy pregnancies using quantitative real-time PCR. The expression profiles of 32 miRNAs in maternal plasma from 31 patients with PE and 32 healthy pregnancies were evaluated. The expression levels of eight miRNAs including miR-210, miR-375, miR-197-3p, miR-132-3p, miR-29a-3p, miR-328, miR-24-3p, and miR-218-5p were significantly upregulated and the expression levels of three miRNAs, including miR-302b-3p, miR-191-5p, and miR-17-5p, were significantly downregulated in patients with preeclampsia when compared to healthy pregnant women. In conclusion, we identified 11 miRNAs that may be potential biomarkers for non-invasive diagnosis and a pivotal role in the prediction of PE. Considering the small cohort of patients, further studies with larger samples from different gestational stages are necessary to confirm our findings.IMPACT STATEMENT What is already known on this subject? The alterations in the release pattern of placenta-specific miRNAs detected in maternal serum have been found to be associated with pregnancy-related complications such as preeclampsia (PE). What do the results of this study add? In the present study, the release pattern of seven miRNAs had consistency and two of them had inconsistency with previous researches. Moreover, two novel miRNAs were also defined to demonstrate the interrelationship between PE and miRNAs. What are the implications of these findings for clinical practice and/or future research? The identification of 11 miRNAs that may be potential biomarkers for non-invasive diagnosis and a pivotal role in the prediction of PE. Considering the small cohort of patients, further studies with larger samples from different gestational stages are necessary to confirm our findings

Functional association of interleukin-18 gene-607 C/A promoter polymorphisms with endometriosis

WOS: 000285411600076PubMed: 20797704This study evaluated for the first time the relationship between interleukin-18 (IL-18) C607A genotypes and endometriosis in 135 women with endometriosis and 84 controls. In the study population, IL-18 -607*A homozygote and A allele were positively correlated with the risk of developing endometriosis or the stage of endometriosis. (Fertil Steril (R) 2011; 95:298-300. (c) 2011 by American Society for Reproductive Medicine.

Association of Insulin Receptor Substrate-2 Gene Polymorphism with Ovarian Cancer

Objective: The insulin receptor substrate (IRS) proteins have been implicated in contributing to all stages of tumorigenesis in many cancers, from initiating events to metastatic progression. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association of IRS-2 gene polymorphism with ovarian cancer. Material and Methods: The study group consisted of 185 women: 45 women with ovarian cancer and 140 control subjects. All the patients with ovarian cancer were primarily treated by surgical intervention. Genetic polymorphism of IRS-2 G1057D was detected by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based restriction fragment-length polymorphism (RFLP).Results: For IRS-2 G1057D polymorphism, the frequencies of GG, GD and DD genotypes were 60%, 33.3%, and 6.7%, respectively in the ovarian cancer cases and 53.6%, 38.6% and 7.9 % in controls. The risk for ovarian cancer was not significantlydifferent in the individuals with the IRS-2 DD genotype compared to the GG genotype (95% CI: 0.203-3.04, P: 0.787). Also, there was no association between carriage of the D allele and ovarian cancer risk. We found no significant difference between the genotypes in the ovarian cancer group and control group (P:0.545).Conclusion: These results do not support an association between carriage of the G1057D variant of IRS-2 gene and ovarian cancer

Expression of plasma miRNAs in patients with ≥ 70% CAD, patients with ≤ 70% CAD, and normal arteries. Data are expressed as mean delta Cts and standard deviation.

<p>Expression of plasma miRNAs in patients with 1) ≥70% CAD, 2) patients with</p

miRNA results and demographic data.

<p>miRNA results and demographic data.</p