Confirmation of Transgenic Robusta Coffee (Coffea Canephora) Transformed by Chitinase-encoding Gene and Its Propagation Through Somatic Embryogenesis

Genetic engineering of Robusta coffee resistant to fungal diseases might be done by introducing a chitinase-encoding gene into genome of this plant. This research was aimed to confirm transgenic plant of BP 308 clone Robusta coffee transformed by chi gene and to evaluate its ability for the somatic embryogenesis. Confirmation of transgenic was carried out by analysis the presence of NPTII gene as a selectable marker for Canamysin resistant using PCR technique. The somatic embryo initiation and reproduction were evaluated in 11 plant accessions. Three kinds of sucrose concentration, 20%, 30% and 40% were applied in initiation stage of somatic embryo germination. The suitability of 4 medium, namely M1 (without addition by liquid medium), M2 (addition by liquid medium contained 0.25 mg/l kinetin), M3 (addition by liquid medium contained 0.25 mg/l IAA) and M4 (addition by liquid medium contained 0.25 mg/l GA3 ) was evaluated for somatic embryo maturation. The result showed that 8 out of 10 plant accessions tested were transgenic and they could be propagated through somatic embryogenesis. The ability of transgenic plant for somatic embryo initiation, reproduction and regeneration were similar with that of nontransgenic one. Germination of somatic embryo could be improved by using 40% sucrose. Maturation of somatic embryo could be improved by addition of fresh liquid medium on the ancient gelled medium that used for somatic embryos reproduction. The best result was obtained on addition of fresh medium contained 0.25 mg/l GA 3 in which 65% of the somatic embryos developed to pre-germinate somatic embryo

In Vitro Propagation of Anthurium Adreanum CV. Nitta Through Organogenesis

Anthurium adreanum Lindl. cv. Nitta is an ornamental plant for cut flower industries. In vitro propagation enables a large scale production of high quality seedlings of A. adreanum quickly. The aim of this experiment was to overcome some problems in the in vitro propagation of A. adreanum, such as contamination, lack of plantlets vigor and low rate of survival in the acclimatization. In vitro propagation of A. adreanum was conducted via organogenesis from leaf explant. Explant sterilization using desogerm, antioxidant, alcohol, rifampicin, and NaOCl was the best because they reduced browning and contamination until 0 %. Organogenesis of A. adreanum was successfully initiated using MS medium added with 2,4-D and BAP at 1 mg L-1, which produced 74 shoots per explant. Shoots were best maturated in MS medium with a half strength of macro minerals added with 1 mg L-1 paclobutrazol. Survival rate increased by 7 and 14 days hardening treatment using double layer medium in the light culture room. Survival rate reached 89.3 % at 8 weeks after acclimatization

Heterodimerization of Arabidopsis calcium/proton exchangers contributes to regulation of guard cell dynamics and plant defense responses.

Arabidopsis thaliana cation exchangers (CAX1 and CAX3) are closely related tonoplast-localized calcium/proton (Ca2+/H+) antiporters that contribute to cellular Ca2+ homeostasis. CAX1 and CAX3 were previously shown to interact in yeast; however, the function of this complex in plants has remained elusive. Here, we demonstrate that expression of CAX1 and CAX3 occurs in guard cells. Additionally, CAX1 and CAX3 are co-expressed in mesophyll tissue in response to wounding or flg22 treatment, due to the induction of CAX3 expression. Having shown that the transporters can be co-expressed in the same cells, we demonstrate that CAX1 and CAX3 can form homomeric and heteromeric complexes in plants. Consistent with the formation of a functional CAX1-CAX3 complex, CAX1 and CAX3 integrated into the yeast genome suppressed a Ca2+-hypersensitive phenotype of mutants defective in vacuolar Ca2+ transport, and demonstrated enzyme kinetics different from those of either CAX protein expressed by itself. We demonstrate that the interactions between CAX proteins contribute to the functioning of stomata, because stomata were more closed in cax1-1, cax3-1, and cax1-1/cax3-1 loss-of-function mutants due to an inability to buffer Ca2+ effectively. We hypothesize that the formation of CAX1-CAX3 complexes may occur in the mesophyll to affect intracellular Ca2+ signaling during defense responses

ANALISIS DETERMINAN TINGKAT KEMISKINAN DI KABUPATEN SUMBAWA

This research aims to study the determinants of poverty levels in Sumbawa Regency which consist of economic growth, human development index and unemployment, both partially and simultaneously. The type of this research is causal associative with a quantitative approach. The type of data used is a quantitative obtained from secondary sources using the documentation method. The data that has been collected will be processed using the SPSS program for further study using techniques, including multiple linear regression analysis, partial hypothesis testing (t test), simultaneous hypothesis testing (F test), and determining the coefficient of determination (R2). The results of the data analysis show that partially economic growth and the human development index have no effect on the poverty rate in Sumbawa Regency, while unemployment has a negative and significant effect on the poverty rate in Sumbawa Regency. Simultaneously, economic growth, human development index, and unemployment have a significant effect on the poverty rate in Sumbawa Regency. The ability of the variables of economic growth, human development index, and unemployment to vary changes in the poverty rate variable in Sumbawa Regency is 82.5%, while the remaining 17.5% is influenced by other variables outside this research model, such as education that is too low, lazy to work, limited natural resources, limited employment opportunities, limited capital, and family burdens

PENGARUH KUALITAS PRODUK DAN LABELISASI HALAL TERHADAP KEPUTUSAN PEMBELIAN MIE SAMYANG (Studi Konsumen di Indomaret Kelurahan Bugis)

This study aims to know the effect of product quality and halal labeling toward purchasing decisions of Samyang noodles in Sumbawa Besar District.The type of this study was associative study.The data used in this study was primary data obtained directly from the respondents.The data collection technique were through observation and questionnaires.The method used to analyze data was simple linear regression. Based on data analysis showed that Product quality had significant effect toward purchasing decisions of Samyang noodle in Sumbawa District, it was based on value of t-value > t-table or 2.900 > 2.011 and the significance value was 0.006 lower than 0.05.then, halal labeling had significant effect toward purchasing decision of Samyang Noodle in Sumbawa District, it was based on t-value > t-table (4.142 > 2.01) with significant value of 0.000 was lower than 0.05. Then simultaneously product quality and halal labeling had significance and positive effect toward purchasing decision of Samyang noodle in Sumbawa District, it was based on f-test where f-value > f-table (24.624 > 2.80) with significance value of 0.000 was lower than 0.05, while the value of R2  was 0.512 or 51.2%, it means that the percentage effect of Product quality and halal labeling toward purchasing decision of Samyang noodle in Sumbawa district was 51.2% while the remaining of 49.8% was affected by other variables out of this study

PENGARUH BELANJA DAERAH TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI KABUPATEN SUMBAWA TAHUN 2012–2018

This study aims to know how the influence of regional spending toward economic growth in Sumbawa district during the period of 2012-2018. This study was an associative study with a quantitative approach. The type of data used in this study was secondary data collected through the documentation method. The data collected were analyzed using simple linear regression analysis techniques, t test and the coefficient of determination (R2). Based on the results of study, obtained a simple linear regression equation, namely Y = 55.194 - 4.058 LnX + e, the constant value was 55.194. This constant value states that if the independent variable (regional spending) was equal to zero, then the economic growth in Sumbawa Regency will be 55.194 percent. Furthermore, the coefficient of determination was 0.255 percent. This showed that the realization of regional spending contributed 25.5 percent toward economic growth, while the remaining of 74.5 percent was influenced by variables outside the regression model of this study. Based on the results of research using the t test shows that the results obtained from regional spending with a t-value of -1.308 were lower than the t-table of 2.571, which means that there was no significant or no significant (negative) relationship between regional spending on economic growth in Sumbawa district

PENGEMBANGAN DESA WISATA DALAM UPAYA MENINGKATKAN KESEJAHTERAAN MASYARAKAT TELUK SANTONG KABUPATEN SUMBAWA

This study aims to know the efforts to develop a tourist village in improving the welfare of the people of Teluk Santong village, Plampang Sub-District, Sumbawa District. Type of this study was qualitative descriptive study. The data collection technique used was participant observation in the form of direct observations that had done by researcher by involving oneself in various activities in the tourist village. The method of data collection was done through unstructured interviews and documentation. The data analysis technique used in this study was qualitative data analysis which includes data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusion and verification.The results of data analysis showed that the Teluk Santong tourism village had many natural potentials that can be developed into a tourist village. This was also supported by the willingness, ability, enthusiasm and good communication and can increased economic capacity and creating jobs so as to improve the welfare of the communities in Teluk Santong village

PEMBANGUNAN SEKTOR PERTANIAN SEBAGAI UPAYA PENINGKATAN PEREKONOMIAN KABUPATEN SUMBAWA

This study aims to analyze the agricultural sector development strategy as an effort to improve the economy in Sumbawa District. This study used a descriptive method with a qualitative approach. The type of data used in this study is qualitative data in the form of research informants' perceptions regarding agricultural sector development strategies as an effort to improve the economy of Sumbawa District obtained through interviews. Informants in this study were determined using a purposive technique, namely determining informants based on certain criteria. The informants for this study consisted of the Head of the Agriculture Department, the Head of UPTD. Untir Iwes Sub-District, rice farmers and corn farmers. Data analysis in this study used the SWOT analysis technique. The results of this study showed that the SWOT analysis of agricultural sector development as an effort to improve the economy in Sumbawa District produces four alternative strategies, namely SO Strategy, ST Strategy, WO Strategy, and WT Strategy. In general, the results of this study describe that the agricultural sector in Sumbawa District has enormous potential to be developed as an effort to improve the economy in Sumbawa District. The priority of the agricultural sector development strategy as an effort to improve the economy in Sumbawa District is to increase the government's active role in the development of the agricultural sector and to collaborate with related agencies to design a program to accelerate the development of the region's leading agricultural sector

Analisis Pendapatan Usaha Home Industri Kain Tenun (Kre Alang) di Dusun Sameri Desa Poto Kecamatan Moyo Hilir Kabupaten Sumbawa Tahun 2019

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pendapatan usaha home industri kain tenun (kre alang) di Dusun Sameri Desa Poto Kecamatan Moyo Hilir Kabupaten Sumbawa. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif dengan jenis data yang digunakan, yaitu data kuantitatif yang diperoleh dari sumber primer. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa total biaya produksi yang dikeluarkan pada usaha home industri kain tenun di Dusun Sameri adalah sebesar Rp. 40.934.000,- atau dengan rata-rata sebesar Rp. 930.318,- perbulan, sedangkan penerimaan yang diperoleh adalah sebesar Rp. 103.200.000,- atau dengan rata-rata sebesar Rp. 2.345.455,- perbulan. Sehingga pendapatan bersih yang diperoleh dari usaha home industri kain tenun di Dusun Sameri adalah sebesar Rp. 62.266.000,- atau dan rata-rata sebesar Rp. 1.415.136,- perbulan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pendapatan dari usaha ini lebih besar dibandingkan biaya produksi sehingga usaha ini cukup menguntungkan apabila dilihat dari segi ekonomis