4,749 research outputs found
Redshifts of New Galaxies
Observations increasingly demonstrate the spatial association of high
redshift objects with larger, low redshift galaxies. These companion objects
show a continuous range of physical properties - from very compact, high
redshift quasars, through smaller active galaxies and finally to only slightly
smaller companion galaxies of slightly higher redshift. The shift in energy
distribution from high to low makes it clear that are seeing an empirical
evolution from newly created to older, more normal galaxies.
In order to account for the evolution of intrinsic redshift we must conclude
that matter is initially born with low mass particles whose mass increase with
time (age). This requires a physics which is non-local (Machian) and which is
therefore more applicable to the cosmos than the Big Bang extrapolation of
local physics. Ambartsumian's "superfluid" foresaw some of the properties of
the new, low particle mass, protogalactic plasma which is required,
demonstrating again the age-old lesson that open minded observation is much
more powerful than theoretical assumptions.
Since the ejected plasma, which preferentially emerges along the minor axis
of the parent galaxy, develops into an entire galaxy, accretion disks cannot
supply sufficient material. New matter must be created within a "white hole"
rather than bouncing old matter off a "black hole".Comment: Invited review talk at the 194th IAU Symp. on "Activity in galaxies
and related phenomena", held in Byurakan, Armenia, August 17-21, 1998, Eds.
Y.Terzian, E.Khachikian, and D.Weedman, PASP Conf. Series, in pres
A Galaxy Cluster Near NGC 720
The galaxy cluster RXJ 0152.7-1357 is emitting X-rays at the high rate of 148
counts . It would be one of the most luminous X-ray clusters known if
it is at its redshift distance of z = .8325. It is conspicuously elongated,
however, toward the bright, X-ray active galaxy NGC 720 about 14 arcmin away.
At the same distance on the other side of NGC 720, and almost perfectly
aligned, is an X-ray BSO of 5.8 cts/ks. It is reported here that the redshift
of this quasar is z = .8312.Comment: 7 pages, 4 figure
NGC 3628: Ejection Activity Associated with Quasars
NGC3628 is a well-studied starburst/low level AGN galaxy in the Leo Triplet
noted for its extensive outgassed plumes of neutral hydrogen. QSOs are shown to
be concentrated around NGC3628 and aligned with the HI plumes. The closest high
redshift quasar has z=2.15 and is at the tip of an X-ray filament emerging
along the minor axis HI plume. Location at this point has an accidental
probability of ~2x10^-4. In addition a coincident chain of optical objects
coming out along the minor axis ends on this quasar. More recent measures on a
pair of strong X-ray sources situated at 3.2 and 5.4 arcmin on either side of
NGC3628 along its minor axis, reveal that they have nearly identical redshifts
of z=0.995 and 0.981. The closer quasar lies directly in the same X-ray
filament which extends from the nucleus out 4.1 arcmin to end on the quasar of
z=2.15. The chain of objects SW along the minor axis of NGC3628 has been imaged
in four colors with the VLT. Images and spectra of individual objects within
the filament are reported. It is suggested that material in various physical
states and differing intrinsic redshifts is ejected out along the minor axis of
this active, disturbed galaxy.Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A. Postscript file
including full resolution figures at
http://www.eso.org/~fpatat/ngc3628/paper_ngc3628.ps.g
First tentative detection of anisotropy in the QSO distribution around nearby edge-on spiral galaxies
AIMS. To check whether the polar angle distribution of QSOs around nearby
spiral galaxies is isotropic or not.
METHODS. A statistical analysis of the polar angle distribution of large
samples of QSOs from the SDSS survey and Monte Carlo simulations to calculate
their significance are carried out.
RESULTS. There is a clear excess of QSOs near the minor axis with respect to
the major axis of nearby edge-on spiral galaxies, significant at a level
3.5-sigma up to angular distances of 3 deg. (or ~1.7 Mpc) from the centre of
each galaxy. The significance is increased to 3.9-sigma with the z>0.5 QSOs,
and it reaches 4.8-sigma if we include galaxies whose circles of radius 3
degrees are covered by the SDSS in more than 98% (instead of 100%) of the area.
CONCLUSIONS. Gravitational lensing in the halo of nearby galaxies or
extinction seem insufficient to explain the observed anisotropic distribution
of QSOs. The anisotropic distribution agrees qualitatively with the predictions
of Arp's models, which claim that QSOs are ejected by galaxies along the
rotation axis, although Arp's prediction give a distance of the QSOs ~3 times
smaller than that found here. In any case, a chance fluctuation, although
highly improbable, might be a possibility rather than a true anisotropy, and
the present results should be corroborated by other groups and samples, so we
prefer to consider it as just a first tentative detection.Comment: 16 pages, accepted to be published in A&
Function, Role, and Disposition in Basic Formal Ontology
Numerous research groups are now utilizing Basic Formal Ontology (BFO) as an upper-level framework to assist in the organization and integration of biomedical information. This paper provides elucidation of the three BFO categories of function, role, and disposition, and considers two proposed sub-categories of artifactual function and bio-logical function. The motivation is to help advance the coherent treatment of functions, roles, and dispositions, to help provide the potential for more detailed classification, and to shed light on BFO’s general structure and use
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