Number of ITS-1 copies collected by filters and swabs.

<p>DNA was extracted using DNeasy kits (A) and PrepMan Ultra (B) for both swabs and filters. (−) denotes negative Bd diagnosis. Error bars indicate 95% confidence limits. Ordinate scale differs below and above axis break.</p

Infection status of subjects dependent on PCR method of swab samples taken at 24 h and 16 days.

<p>1 Nested PCR.</p><p>2 Taqman probe assay.</p><p>Infection status of subjects dependent on PCR method of swab samples taken at 24 h and 16 days.</p

Bd diagnostic methods have changed over time.

<p>(A) Initial histological and immunohistological approaches rapidly have given way to PCR methods, especially qPCR. (B) At first, Bd was diagnosed by collecting toe-clips, sloughed skin, and other tissues but assaying Bd infection by swabbing began in 2006 and quickly became the predominant sampling method. Publication data from Science Citation Index, Zoological Record, and Google Scholar.</p

Zoospores released by infected subjects, represented as zoospore genomic equivalents (ZGEs), each day over a 5-day collection period.

<p>ZGEs are log-transformed.</p

Alignment of MHC sequences and primers

Alignment of MHC-II β1 exonic and intronic sequences with primers used for their amplificatio

genotyping data corrected for null alleles

Genotyping results for 4 microsatellite markers, corrected for null alleles using MICROCHECKER and the exon2 of one MHC class II locus for Physalaemus pustulosus wild populations (genepop format

Alignment of MHC amino acid sequences

Alignment of MHC amino acid sequence

Sampling of historical specimens across the Korean Peninsula used in this study.

<p>Specimens were collected between 1911 and 2004. Three specimens of <i>Rugosa emeljanovi</i> (previously <i>Rana</i> or <i>Glandirana rugosa</i>), collected from Wonsan, North Korea in 1911, tested qPCR positive for <i>Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis</i> (<i>Bd</i>) infection.</p

dataset2-lva

Genotyping results for 9 microsatellite markers and the exon2 of one MHC class II locus for Litoria verreauxii alpina wild population

DataS1-AA

Alignment of the β1 domain of the MHC class II in worldwide amphibian