The Effect of Role of Leaders and Strategic Planning Intensity on Strategic Diffusion of Middle Management in South Kalimantan Government

Middle management  play a significant role in the strategic management process, primarily in the impelementation stage. Successful implementation of strategic determined by the diffusion of strategic management of an organization's medium.   Strategic diffusion – the extent to which a strategy is effectively executed and becomes an integral part of the organizationThe purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the role of the leader and  the intensity of strategic planning to strategic involvement, strategic understanding  and  strategic commitment of middle management.  The study was conducted in the public sector in  the provincial government of South Kalimantan. This study is an explanatory research in nature. The population of this study were all local government agencies, with a total of 45 organizations. The respondents were 135 middle managers. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the Generalized Structured Component Analysis (GSCA). The results of this study indicate as follow: firstly, the role of leader’s influence on the involvement of middle management in strategic planning to be mediated by the intensity of strategic planning.  Secondly, the intensity of strategic planning influence on the middle management involvement in strategic planning. Thirdly, strategic planning intensity influence on the  strategic understanding of middle management. Finally, strategic understanding not significant effect on strategic commitment of middle management. Keywords: Role of leadership in strategic planning, intensity of strategic planning, strategic diffusion, middle management.

The Effect of Role of Leaders and Strategic Planning Intensity on Strategic Diffusion of Middle Management in South Kalimantan Government

Middle management  play a significant role in the strategic management process, primarily in the impelementation stage. Successful implementation of strategic determined by the diffusion of strategic management of an organization's medium.   Strategic diffusion – the extent to which a strategy is effectively executed and becomes an integral part of the organizationThe purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the role of the leader and  the intensity of strategic planning to strategic involvement, strategic understanding  and  strategic commitment of middle management.  The study was conducted in the public sector in  the provincial government of South Kalimantan. This study is an explanatory research in nature. The population of this study were all local government agencies, with a total of 45 organizations. The respondents were 135 middle managers. Data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with the Generalized Structured Component Analysis (GSCA). The results of this study indicate as follow: firstly, the role of leader’s influence on the involvement of middle management in strategic planning to be mediated by the intensity of strategic planning.  Secondly, the intensity of strategic planning influence on the middle management involvement in strategic planning. Thirdly, strategic planning intensity influence on the  strategic understanding of middle management. Finally, strategic understanding not significant effect on strategic commitment of middle management. Keywords: Role of leadership in strategic planning, intensity of strategic planning, strategic diffusion, middle management.

Pengaruh Hubungan Kerja, Pengalaman Kerja dan Motivasi Kerja terhadap Kinerja Karyawan Bank Central Asia (Bca) Cabang Borobudur, Malang

This study analyzed effects of working relationship, working experience and working motivation toward the employees\u27 performance in Bank Central Asia (BCA) Branch of Borobudur Malang, either simultaneously or partially, as well as the dominant effect toward performance of the employees. This study was conducted in Bank Central Asia (BCA) Branch of Borobudur Malang, including : KCP Lawang, KCP Singosari, KCP Blimbing, KCP Tumpang, with the number of sample 109 persons comprising of 17 managers and 92 employees to identify the effect of working relationship, working experience and working motivation toward the employees\u27 performance, therefore multiple regression analysis was applied. Results of the study concluded that : (1) The result of the study simultaneously indicated that the variables of the study, working relationship, working experience, and working motivation have significant effect toward the employees\u27 performance in Bank Central Asia (BCA) Branch of Borobudur Malang, (2) The result of the study partially indicated that the respective variables including working relationship, working experience, and working motivation has significant effect toward the employees\u27 performance in Bank Central Asia (BCA) Branch of Borobudur Malang. Among the variables, the dominant one is the variable of working motivation

The Developing Framework On The Relationship Between Market Orientation And Entrepreneurial Orientation To The Firm Performance Through Strategic Flexibility: A Literature Perspective

This paper develops a conceptual framework for an intended study which will examine the relationship between market orientation and entrepreneurial orientation on the firm performance. Previous study has shown that market orientation and entrepreneurial orientation is directly related to organizational performance. However, another studies indicate that the significance of the relationship between variables must be mediated by other variables. Some authors argue that environmental dynamics play a important role in the achievement of the firm performance. Therefore, this article try to fills a gap that exists on the relationship between market orientation and entrepreneurial orientation on the firm performance. In developing framework, we integrate strategic flexibility as a variables which mediates that relationship. This paper provide recommendations for entrepreneurs of how their market orientation and entrepreneurial orientation related with firm performance through strategic flexibility. The limitations and implications are discussed. Keywords: Market Orientation, Entrepreneurial Orientation, Strategic Flexibility, Firm Performanc

The Role of Organizational Commitment as Mediator of Organizational Culture and Employees’ Competencies on Employees’ Performances (A Study on Irrigation Area Management in Southeast Sulawesi)

This study aims to analyze and explain the role of organizational commitment and organizational culture as mediator of employees’ competencies on employees’ performances of Irrigation Area Management in Southeast Sulawesi. The analysis in this study is Structural Equation Modeling (SEM), the results of this study is on the relationship between the variables which does not affect significantly. The employees’ competencies on employees’ performances means that the employees’ competencies of Irrigation Area Management in Southeast Sulawesi province does not have an impact on employees’ performance improvement, so in order to increase employees’ performances, it is needed an improvement on organizational commitment. The study also considers at organizational commitment as mediation is able to strengthen organizational culture on performance improvement

INTRODUCING NEW EMPLOYEE EMPOWERMENT APPROACH: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

Purpose of the study: The aim of the paper is to introduce newly developed constructs of employee empowerment as alternatives to the existing measures serving both the organization and employees. Centered on employees as the focus of the argument regarding how genuinely employee empowerment is realistically practiced in organizations today. Methodology: The study applied systematic literature review (SLR) or systematic research synthesis (SRS) as the method to gather, analyze and respond to the research query. The study method embraces the definition of SLR by Rousseau et al., (2008). The conditions for the literature search electronically were done through multiple journal sites. The gathered academic published materials were dated between 1954-2017. Main Findings: The findings revealed that there is a misconception surrounding the true picture of employee empowerment in organizations. Different organizations have different interpretations of employee empowerment as deem fitting to serve their needs. Most findings propagate employee empowerment on the conditions of internal factors of the organization. Applications of this study: This new approach to employee empowerment will give employees a new lease of life that extends beyond the immediate influence of the organization. It incorporates external factors as both define and shape the attitude and behaviors of employees. Both micro and macro factors relating to work roles and non-work roles of employees matter in empowerment. Novelty/Originality of this study: This study takes a holistic approach to employee empowerment by taking both inside-out and outside-in approach to factors that have strong influence on the attitude and behavior of employees thus relates to performance. It introduces new measures for employee empowerment

THE SEARCH FOR NEW MEASURES IN ORGANISATIONAL COMMUNICATION: A SYSTEMATIC LITERATURE REVIEW

Purpose of the study: Communication is a central pillar in organisation, yet little genuine communication takes place in the organisation. The purpose of the paper is to craft communication model that promotes routine information availability and accessibility by simplifying the approach to organisational communication through the leadership level, functional level and operational level. Methodology: The study applied systematic literature review (SLR) or systematic research synthesis (SRS) as the approach to gather data, analyse to address the research query. The study method embraces the definition of SLR by Rousseau et al. (2008). The conditions for literature search electronically was done through multiple journal sites. The gathered published material dated between 1961-2018. Main Findings: The paper put forward three propositions to establish the argument for organisational communication. The findings show that there is no definitive agreement what constitute organisational communication as it is given many names like internal communication, employee communication, corporate communication etc. There is total lack of structural approach to organisational communication. Applications of this study: The paper refocuses organisational communication towards a three-tier approach and challenges leadership to communicate in tandem with managerial roles as purported by Mintzberg in order to give prominence to organisational communication. Novelty/Originality of this study: The paper introduces three new dimensions as measures of organisational communication with a new perspective on leadership communication, where Mintzberg’s managerial roles were used as reference for leadership communication responsibility which is missing in today’s organisation. The new measures of organisational communication are leadership level, functional and operational level

Analisis Perilaku Keputusan Konsumen dalam Pembelian Produk Patung Kayu pada Toko Kerajinan (Art Shop) Kecamatan Sukawati, Gianyar, Bali

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui: (1) faktor yang dipertimbangkan oleh konsumen dalam keputusan pembelian produk patung kayu; (2) Faktor yang mempunyai pengaruh paling dominan dalam keputusan pembelian produk patung kayu. Lokasi penelitian ditetapkan di Kecamatan Gianyar Bali karena merupakan pusat industri kerajinan patung kayu di Bali dan mempunyai pasar sampai ke luar negeri. Toko kerajinan (art shop) patung kayu di Kecamatan Sukawati jumlah cukup banyak dan terus berkembang, toko kerajinan (art shop) letaknya terpusat, berjejer dan saling berdekatan. Kecamatan Sukawati terletak dalam jalur utama ke arah timur seperti obyek wisata Ubud, Istana Presiden Tampak Siring, Goa Gajah, Kintamani serta obyek wisata lainnya. Yang menjadi populasi dalam penelitian ini meliputi seluruh wisatawan mancanegara yang berkunjung pada toko kerajinan (art shop) patung kayu di Kecamatan Sukawati Gianyar Bali. Penentuan sampel dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode accidental sampling yaitu teknik pengambilan sampel berdasarkan kebetulan, dengan demikian siapa saja yang kebetulan bertemu dengan peneliti dan memenuhi syarat yang ditentukan dapat digunakan sebagai responden. Sedangkan jumlah sampel yang diperlukan jika dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis faktor adalah paling sedikit 4 atau 5 kali jumlah variabel yang diteliti. Karena jumlah variabel yang diteliti sebanyak 20 maka sampel ditetapkan 100 responden. Alat analisa yang digunakan adalah analisis faktor untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang dipertimbangkan konsumen dalam keputusan pembelian produk patung kayu dan analisis regresi berganda untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor yang mempunyai pengaruh paling dominan dalam keputusan pembelian produk patung kayu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 20 variabel dapat direduksi menjadi 17 variabel yang tersebar dalam 6 faktor. Tiga variabel dikeluarkan dari model karena tidak memenuhi kriteria MSA > 0,5 yaitu variabel potongan harga (X12) dan dua variabel tidak memenuhi kriteria, dimana communality <0,5 yaitu variabel saluran distribusi (X16) dan variabel sarana lain (X20). Dari uji analisis faktor diperoleh hasil bahwa dari 17 variabel yang ditahan di dalam model dan mengelompokkan ke dalam 6 faktor merupakan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku konsumen dalam keputusan pembelian produk patung kayu. Faktor-faktor tersebut adalah faktor harga dengan eigen value 4,63653, faktor promosi dengan eigen value 3,15352, faktor referensi dengan eigen value 1,87740, faktor produk dengan eigen value 1,58539, faktor budaya dengan eigen value 1,34874 dan faktor kondisi fisik dengan eigen value 1,10984. Dengan analisis regresi berganda diketahui 74% keputusan pembelian patung kayu dipengaruhi oleh enam faktor sebagai variabel independen, sedangkan sisanya dipengaruhi oleh faktor di luar model analisis yang diduga diantaranya adalah adanya Perubahan selera konsumen yang ingin kembali menyatu dengan alam dan peristiwa politik Indonesia yang kurang mendukung bagi kunjungan wisatawan mancanegara. Hal ini terlihat dari nilai koefisien determinasi (R2) sebesar 0,74504. Model ini juga digunakan untuk mengetahui faktor mana yang berpengaruh paling dominan di antara 6 faktor yang mempengaruhi konsumen dalam keputusan pembelian produk patung kayu. Dari hasil regresi dapat diketahui bahwa dari enam faktor sebagai variabel independen yang dianalisis, secara simultan berpengaruh terhadap keputusan pembelian konsumen. Hal ini ditunjukkan oleh Fhitung=45,29365 > Ftabel =2,29 signifikan pada a=5%. Kemudian dari enam faktor tersebut dapat pula diketahui bahwa faktor produk merupakan faktor yang berpengaruh paling dominan dalam keputusan pembelian. Hal ini ditunjukkan dalam nilai thitung sebesar 8,594 (tertinggi di antara enam faktor yang mempengaruhi konsumen)

Perilaku Konsumen dalam Memilih Jasa Layanan Operator Mobile Phone yang Berbasis Cdma dan Gsm (Studi pada Pelajar dan Mahasiswa Kelompok N-gens di Kota Malang dari Perpektif Stratejik)

An objective of this research is to (1) identify factors that customer consider in choosing mobile phone operator service (whether CDMA and GSM), (2) identify dominant variable that influences consumer behavior. Kind of this research is applied research with a research method of causal study. This research is intended to student and university student segments in Malang City, which these are included into Net Generation group (born between 1977-1997) with age minimal limitation for respondent of 17 years. Sample framework for this research is user of CDMA and GSM cards of 175 respondents. Moreover, for its sample technique used is non-probability sampling with purposive sample method, and the second is quota sampling. Extraction result of 34 variables is 7 new factors, which it is labeled as follow: (1) product image factor, (2) service factor, (3) environment influence factor, (4) promotion factor, (5) individual factor, (6) price factor, and (7) process factor. From discriminant analysis, the contrary result with the hypothesis is found, that is price variable, rather than dominant variable in differentiating consumer behavior of CDMA operator to GSM operator. They are more sensitive to product process. Product image to persue subscriber for student of SMU and university as subscriber “Smart” group. Research result conclude are to build competitive advantage, the operator must be to get positional advantage as differentiation “content” service which result are process, as result from product positioning aplication