Perlindungan Hukum Terhadap Pengguna Jasa Angkutan Kota Di Palu

Angkutan merupakan sarana untuk memindahkan barang atau orang dari suatu tempat ke tempat lain yang dikehendaki, atau mengirim barang dari tempat asal ke tempat tujuan. Angkutan terdiri dari angkutan orang dengan kendaraan bermotor seperti sepeda motor, mobil penumpang, maupun tak bermotor dan angkutan barang. Dilihat dari kepemilikannya angkutan dibedakan menjadi angkutan pribadi dan Angkutan kota. Angkutan kota sebagai sarana angkutan untuk masyarakat kecil dan menengah dapat melaksanakan kegiatannya sesuai dengan tugas dan fungsinya dalam masyarakat. Pengguna Angkutan kota ini bervariasi, mulai dari buruh, ibu rumah tangga, mahasiswa, pelajar, dan lain-lain. Rumusan masalah yang dibahas adalah : Pertama Bagaimana perlindungan hukum terhadap penumpang angkutan kota di kota palu ? Kedua Bagaimana upaya hukum yang dapat dilakukan oleh penumpang jika terjadi kerugian yang diakibatkan oleh kesalahan pengangkut. Tujuan Penulisan ini dilakukan oleh penulis agar dapat menyajikan data yang akurat sehingga dapat memberi manfaat dan mampu menyelesaikan masalah. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka penelitian mempunyai tujuan sebagai berikut : Pertama Untuk mengetahui perlindungan hukum terhadap penumpang Angkutan kota. Kedua Untuk mengetahui upaya hukum yang dapat dilakukan oleh penumpang akibat kesalahan dari pengangkut. Adapun Pengumpulan data dalam studi kasus ini menggunakan kajian yuridis normatif dan yuridis empiris. Kesimpulan yang dapat disajikan dalam penelitian ini adalah :Pertama Perlindungan hukum terhadap pengguna Jasa Angkutan Kota (Angkot) di Kota Palu sangat diperlukan dalam menjamin keselamatan penumpang itu sendiri sehingga tercipta perasaan aman dan tentram dalam menggunakan jasa Angkutan kota yang ada di Kota Palu. Kedua Menurut Peraturan Daerah Kota Palu mengenai lalulintas dan angkutan jalan diancam pidana kurungan paling lama 6 bulan atau denda paling banyak 4 kali jumlah retribusi terutang. Undang-undang Nomor 22 Tahun 2009 tentang Lalu Lintas dan Angkutan Jalan mengatur tentang Ketentuan Pidana yang dapat menyebabkan Angkutan Kota yang melakukan pelanggaran terhadap Kenyamanan penumpang dapat dihukum sesuai dengan peraturan yang berlaku

Joint venture healthcare system as common practice in developing countries : game changing on assessing health services

To explore the essence of game changing on applying joint venture (JV) approach for healthcare system improvement in developing countries. This is cross-sectional study exploring the factors influencing the successful implementation of JV for the healthcare services in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The study included: Qatar Statistical Authority, CIA fact book, Ministry of Health Annual Report, Hamad Medical Corporation Annual Report, Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development information, and Qatar's healthcare system history. The research indicated that the LMIC healthcare system would benefit from affiliation with leading technology partner for healthcare reform. The findings support the view of LMIC healthcare systems' needs to incorporate joint venture approach in implementing JV concept for process improvement and knowledge transfer to contribute in country economic growth, development, and stability. Current study explored evidence supporting decision maker and management control of JV trends in different ways in comparison with developed countries. JV can also help the organization to share the risk and cost of large capital investment. The present study supports observations on expending the use of JVs as approach for improvement in LMIC healthcare system. The current study confirmed the advantages of JV which include helping businesses grow faster, increasing productivity, and generating greater profits, both parties sharing the risks and costs, accessing new markets and distribution networks. [Abstract copyright: Copyright: © 2020 International Journal of Preventive Medicine.

Factors Affecting Quality of Sleep in Intensive Care Unit

Background: The etiology of sleep disruption in intensive care unit is poorly known and often ignored complication. It is caused by the environmental factors especially pain, noise, diagnostic testing and human interventions that cause sleep disruption. Light, medications and activities related to patient care interfere with patient's ability to have good sleep. There are multi-factorial environmental etiologies for disruption of sleep in ICU. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the factors disturbing the sleep quality in intensive care unit (ICU) admitted patients. Methodology: A cross sectional study was designed involving 150 patients admitted in intensive care unit and high dependency unit of Gulab Devi Chest Hospital. The duration of study was from September 2015 to March 2016. The questionnaire was made and filled with the help of patients. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 16.00. Results: Mean age of patients was 50.46+10.96 with maximum age of 65 and minimum age of 30 years. There was 53.33% male patients and 46.67% females participating in this study. The sleep quality was significantly poor in ICU than at home. After analysis, 54.67% patients were with poor quality of sleep due to pain and 48.67% were due to noise of environmental stimuli. The other factors were alarms, light and loud talking. Conclusion: Current study shows that reduced sleep quality is a common problem in ICU with multi-factorial etiologies. Patient reported the poor sleep quality in ICU due to environmental issues that are potentially modifiable. Conclusion: Current study shows that reduced sleep quality is a common problem in ICU with multi-factorial etiologies. Patient reported the poor sleep quality in ICU due to environmental issues that are potentially modifiable

Knowledge and attitude of ethics committee (EC) members on bioethics and structure & function of EC in Bangladesh: A pilot study

Having scandalous unethical research practices in the mid and late 20th century, study protocols of biomedical research reviewed by the Ethics Committee (EC) has become the accepted international standard. The Declaration of Helsinki uniformly requires that all biomedical research involving human participants, including research on identifiable human material or data, should be approved by the EC. Today, concerns over the quality of the EC functions worldwide. There are research globally in this regard but no data are available from Bangladesh. Hence, we conducted a questionnaire based pilot study on knowledge and attitude of EC members on bioethics and structure & function of EC in Bangladesh

Suggestion systems: a usability-based evaluation model

Usability has been used to design and assess products and websites. This paper takes the concept of usability one step further and proposes a framework to assess suggestion systems. Thus taking the concept of usability one step further and applying it in the area of ideas management through suggestion system. The fundamental premise of the article is that a suggestion system designed, with usability in mind, will improve innovation among employees, and hence increase participation. This framework was then used to assess four suggestion systems in an oil and gas company in the middle-east. These systems were further assessed for employee perception of their usability and participation. After collecting data on these three different aspects conclusions are drawn. Out of the four systems analyzed, the most usable suggestion system had the highest participation rate and the least usable system attracted the fewest suggestions

Theory of the asymmetric ripple phase in achiral lipid membranes

We present a phenomenological theory of phase transitions in achiral lipid membranes in terms of two coupled order parameters -- a scalar order parameter describing lipid chain melting, and a vector order parameter describing the tilt of the hydrocarbon chains below the chain-melting transition. Existing theoretical models fail to account for all the observed features of the phase diagram, in particular the detailed microstructure of the asymmetric ripple phase lying between the fluid and the tilted gel phase. In contrast, our two-component theory reproduces all the salient structural features of the ripple phase, providing a unified description of the phase diagram and microstructure

Phase behavior of two-component lipid membranes: theory and experiments

The structure of the ripple phase of phospholipid membranes remains poorly understood in spite of a large number of theoretical studies, with many experimentally established structural features of this phase unaccounted for. In this article we present a phenomenological theory of phase transitions in single- and two-component achiral lipid membranes in terms of two coupled order parameters -- a scalar order parameter describing {\it lipid chain melting}, and a vector order parameter describing the {\it tilt of the hydrocarbon chains} below the chain-melting transition. This model reproduces all the salient structural features of the ripple phase, providing a unified description of the phase diagram and microstructure. In addition, it predicts a variant of this phase which does not seem to have been experimentally observed. Using this model we have calculated generic phase diagrams of two-component membranes. We have also determined the phase diagram of a two-component lipid membrane from x-ray diffraction studies on aligned multilayers. This phase diagram is found to be in good agreement with that calculated from the model.Comment: 10 pages, 10 figure