Lipid Composition of Paulownia Seeds Grown in Bulgaria

DergiPark: 246128trakyafbdThe chemical composition of seeds from paulownia (Paulownia tomentosa) was investigated. The main components in the triacylglycerol fraction of the oil were linoleic (64.1%), oleic (21.2%) and palmitic acids (7.3%). ?-Tocopherol (approx. 100.0%) predominated in the tocopherol fraction, and in the sterol fraction – ß-sitosterol (79.2%), campesterol (10.3%) and stigmasterol (7.7%). In the seeds were established 10.6% protein, 9.5% cellulose and 38.2% hydrolysable carbohydrates

Composition of Biologically Active Substances of Flaxseed 1

Abstract The content and composition of biologically active substances of three varieties of flaxseeds was investigated. The flaxseeds contain 33.8 %, 38.0 % and 37.1 % glyceride oil respectively. The total content of phospholipids, mainly phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidic acids in the oils was 0.7 %, 1.0 % and 0.8 %. The general amounts of sterols were found to be 0.3 % in all oils. β-Sitosterol predominated (more than 50.0 %), followed by campesterol and stigmasterol. In the tocopherol fraction (731 mg/kg, 768 mg/kg and 788 mg/kg respectively) γ-tocopherol predominated (61.8 -71.3 %), followed by γ-tocotrienol. Linolenic acid (46.8 %, 49.9 % and 45.0 % respectively) was the main component, followed by oleic and linoleic acids in the triacylglycerols. Higher quantities of palmitic and oleic acids were established in the phospholipids and sterol esters. LnLnLn, LnLnL and LnLnP predominated in triacylglycerols. The oxidative stability was found to be between 6.1 -6.6 h

L. cultivar “Boregine” from South of Bulgaria: a source of nutrients and natural biologically active components

Nowadays, the requirements of new sources of natural food components are constantly expanding worldwide. On one hand, the constituents derived from the common agriculture plants satisfy the needs of the body to function properly. On the other hand, the price of producing ordinary foods is gradually increasing. For that reason, it is necessary to find a cheaper alternative industrial crops, such as a specific variety of lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L. cultivar “Boregine”). The chemical and lipid composition of lupin seeds as well as the physicochemical characteristics of the oil were examined. The seeds are rich in proteins and carbohydrates, mainly starch, but have low oil content. Sucrose was the main soluble sugar and the major amino acids were phenylalanine, arginine, tyrosine and serine. Linoleic and oleic acids were predominate in the oil; β-sitosterol and γ-tocopherol were the main components in the sterol and tocopherol fractions, respectively. Phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylcholine represented more than 50% of all phospholipids and oleic acid was in the highest amount in all phospholipid classes. All physicochemical characteristics of lupin seed oil were in agreement with the requirements for edible oils and its oxidative stability at 100 °C and an air flow rate of 20 L/h was extremely high (more than 100 h). Lupin seeds have high nutritional value and their oil depicts to be stable, which makes them a possible source of high quality lipids with long shelf life

Chemical Composition, Lipid-Soluble Bioactive Compounds and Potential Health Benefits of the Moss <i>Hypnum cupressiforme</i> Hedw

Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. is the main species for Moss surveys (ICP Vegetation programme) in Southeastern Europe and is widely distributed in the region. In addition to their biomonitoring role, mosses are applied in some countries as a traditional medicine for the treatment of eczema, cuts, burns, eye diseases, etc. Therefore, the chemical and lipid composition of the moss H. cupressiforme is of interest to establish their possible application in different fields. The chemical composition of the moss was examined regarding total lipids, proteins, carbohydrates (i.e., fibres), ash, and moisture content. The main lipid-soluble bioactive components were determined as sterols, tocopherols, phospholipids and fatty acids. The major fatty acids were linoleic (14.9%), oleic (13.8%), palmitic (12.5%) and α-linolenic (11.3%) acids. Unsaturated fatty acids (56.4%) prevailed in the glyceride oil, in which the polyunsaturated ones constituted 32.5%. The lipid indices (atherogenicity, thrombogenicity, hypocholesterolemic/hypercholesterolemic ratio, peroxidability, and oxidation stability index) were also theoretically calculated based on the fatty acid composition of the moss lipids to establish their health benefits and the rate of oxidation. The primary results of this study revealed H. cupressiforme to be a promising alternative source of bioactive compounds that could be implemented in supplements with health-promoting effects

CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLEDITSIA TRIACANTHOS L. - APPLICATION IN PHYTOTHERAPY OF SOCIALLY SIGNIFICANT DISEASES

Isolation and identification of biologically active substances from medicinal plant Gleditsia triacanthos L. are examined. Development of methods for obtaining medical extracts of Gleditsia triacanthos L. is of practical importance in medicine for prevention of cardiovascular system diseases, antispasmodics and biliary clearance acting drugs as well as in medicinal cosmetics