Congenital Juvenile Xanthogranuloma of Foot, a Nodular Lesion: An Unusual Case in 2-month-old Infant

A 2-month-old infant presented with a circumscribed nodule on left foot since birth. Excision biopsy showed juvenile xanthogranuloma, an uncommon diagnosis in an unusual site; common sites being head and neck. Uncommon sites are groin, genital organs, limbs and even internal organs. It carries a favorable prognosis

Evaluation of Some Hydrobiological Parameters in River Asan in Morena District

Industrialization, urbanization, population explosion and green revolution have deteriorated the various sources of water. The industrial effluents, sewage and polluted water from other sources when discharged into any stream or river not only cause pollution but drastically disturb the fauna & flora. The same is true for Asan River flowing in Madhya Pradesh. It, therefore, becomes a must to assess water quality of Asan at the downstream site (D) and upstream site (A) throughout its entire length in Morena district. It was since the beginning of 1970's that environmental pollution became a serious problem in India. Because of the rapid increase of population and concentration of factories around the coastal region of Asan. Significant alterations in hydrobiological parameters were observed

High resolution ultra sound and color Doppler in evaluation of thyroid nodule with fine needle aspiration cytology correlation

Background: Thyroid gland is the first to develop in fetal life and is largest of all the endocrine glands. It is superficial in location which helps in its excellent visualization of normal anatomy and pathologic condition by high resolution real time grey scale sonography. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the usage of grey scale ultrasound and color Doppler with FNAC correlation for differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid nodule.Methods: This prospective study was carried out on sixteen patients who came to our department from period of 1 February to  31 march 2016.Grey scale ultrasound of neck  and Doppler followed by USG guided FNAC of thyroid swelling was done.Results: Out of 16 cases, 3 were malignant, 10 were benign, and 3 were indeterminate. One case was diagnosed as benign lesion on sono which came out to be malignant on pathology as follicular carcinoma. The cases were presented as hypoechoic lesion with regular margins with peripheral and internal vascularity. Due to well defined margins it was diagnosed as benign adenoma but turned out to be malignant on pathology as follicular carcinoma. Colloid goiter was most common presentation on ultrasound and it showed wide spectrum of appearance, majority being nodular with anechoic echotexture.Conclusions: High resolution grey scale ultra sound with color Doppler has emerged as initial modality of choice for evaluating the patient with thyroid enlargement

Comparison of real time PCR with phenotypic methods in bronchoalveolar lavage in diagnosis of sputum smear negative pulmonary tuberculosis patients

Background: Early diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis is of utmost importance for proper control of the disease in the patient. Diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis is usually by acid fast bacilli (AFB) smear examination and culture Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB). In this study, we have employed polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for MTB in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) along with AFB smear and culture MTB for early diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.Methods: A prospective observational study was conducted in the Department of Pulmonary Medicine, Era’s Lucknow medical college and Hospital, Lucknow over a period of two years. A total of 123 previously treated cases of pulmonary tuberculosis were enrolled for the study whose two sputum smear samples were negative for AFB. These patients underwent fibreoptic bronchoscopy and BAL was obtained which was sent for AFB smear, culture MTB and PCR for MTB.Results: The examination of BAL revealed the highest sensitivity for culture MTB at 87.4% followed by PCR for MTB at 73.8% and then AFB smear at 61.2%. PCR for MTB helped in diagnosing an additional 12% patients of pulmonary tuberculosis which were negative on AFB smear and an additional 6.8% patients which were negative on culture MTB.Conclusions: PCR for MTB is useful in making an early diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis especially in paucibacillary cases negative on AFB smear and also in some culture MTB negative patients

Lung cancer with multiple lung abscesses: an unusual presentation

Lung abscess is caused due to localized suppuration in the lung usually caused by microbial infection of the lung. Here we are describing an interesting case of multiple lung abscess associated with non-small cell lung cancer. The diagnosis was suspected on CT scan thorax and was confirmed by fibreoptic bronchoscopy and endobronchial biopsy. Hence, lung cancer should be suspected in any case of lung abscess when it is showing no signs of resolution even after aggressive conservative management with broad spectrum antibiotics

Prevalence of lifestyle diseases among Hindu priests of Central India

Background: Major risk factors for lifestyle diseases are present with priest’s lifestyle. Daily responsibility of priests includes, sitting mostly for long working hours & taking high calorie diet in form of Prasad. Predisposition to these may give rise to lifestyle diseases. Aim: To assess prevalence of lifestyle diseases (obesity & hypertension) among Hindu priests Method: A cross-sectional study done. Total sample size was 440. Simple random sampling was done. A pre-tested and semi-structured questionnaire contained Physical activity level (GPPAQ) & daily dietary calorie intake (24-hour recall). BMI & BP was measured. Results: Mean systolic & diastolic blood pressure of study participants were 131.25 ± 14.4 & 88.16 ± 10.4 respectively. 149(33.9%) of study participant were normal, 127(28.9%) High Normal, 108(24.5%) Grade 1 Hypertension, 32 (7.3%) in Grade 2 Hypertension& 24 (5.5%) were Optimal. Mean BMI of participants was 22.6 (SD ± 3.9). 277(63.0%) were normal, 88(20.0%) Pre-Obese, 47(10.7%) Underweight, 24(5.5% Obese Class I & 4 (0.9%) with Obese Class II. 188(42.7%) of study participant were inactive, 104(23.6%) moderately active, 88(20.0%) moderately inactive & 60(13.6) active. 224(50.9%) of study participant were having calorie intake over of recommended value, 176(40.0%) adequate intake & 40(9.1%) were deficient in their daily calorie intake. Statistically significant association was seen between hypertension with Obesity & Physical activity. Conclusion: Priests have an inactive lifestyle with high daily calorie intake which resulted in lifestyle diseases like obesity (6%) & hypertension (32%).   Key words: Priest, Obesity, Hypertension, level of physical activity, Ujjain

Physical Simulations in Classroom as a Pedagogical Tool for Enhancing Manufacturing Instruction in Engineering Technology Programs

Lean is a powerful philosophy that advocates minimization of waste within an organization. The adoption of Lean Manufacturing philosophy by major manufacturers has created a demand for qualified personnel in this area. Higher education is not far behind in incorporating this philosophy into their curriculum. A number of universities have started offering both graduate and undergraduate courses in Lean Manufacturing. Physical simulations are often an integral part of these courses. Simulation based Lean enterprise concepts have been introduced in an undergraduate course in mechanical engineering technology program at Old Dominion University. Results show increased student participation and better understanding of Lean concepts. This paper examines the use of simulations as a pedagogical tool and studies their impact on student learning in an undergraduate engineering technology course. The paper also discusses the assessment process to measure the impact of simulation-based instruction. An attitudinal survey has also been developed to assess the impact of the training program on student\u27s thinking

Evaluation of some Hydrobiological parameters in river Asan in Morena district

Industrialization, urbanization, population explosion and green revolution have deteriorated the various sources of water. The industrial effluents, sewage and polluted water from other sources when discharged into any stream or river not only cause pollution but drastically disturb the fauna & flora. The same is true for Asan River flowing in Madhya Pradesh. It, therefore, becomes a must to assess water quality of Asan at the downstream site (D) and upstream site (A) throughout its entire length in Morena district. It was since the beginning of 1970's that environmental pollution became a serious problem in India. Because of the rapid increase of population and concentration of factories around the coastal region of Asan. Significant alterations in hydrobiological parameters were observed

Estimation of leakage power and delay in CMOS circuits using parametric variation

SummaryWith the advent of deep-submicron technologies, leakage power dissipation is a major concern for scaling down portable devices that have burst-mode type integrated circuits. In this paper leakage reduction technique HTLCT (High Threshold Leakage Control Transistor) is discussed. Using high threshold transistors at the place of low threshold leakage control transistors, result in more leakage power reduction as compared to LCT (leakage control transistor) technique but at the scarifies of area and delay. Further, analysis of effect of parametric variation on leakage current and propagation delay in CMOS circuits is performed. It is found that the leakage power dissipation increases with increasing temperature, supply voltage and aspect ratio. However, opposite pattern is noticed for the propagation delay. Leakage power dissipation for LCT NAND gate increases up to 14.32%, 6.43% and 36.21% and delay decreases by 22.5%, 42% and 9% for variation of temperature, supply voltage and aspect ratio. Maximum peak of equivalent output noise is obtained as 127.531nV/Sqrt(Hz) at 400mHz

Carbon Nanotube–Purification and Sorting Protocols

Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have shown extraordinary mechanical, thermal, electrical, and electronic properties. Electronic properties of CNT are very sensitive to its diameter and chirality, making it metallicor semiconducting, depending upon its chiral vector. The extraordinary properties of CNTs have led to demonstration of several applications but commercial realisation of these devices require consistent qualityof CNTs, and these should be  free of any impurity. For development of electronic devices, CNTs should notjust be pure but also of similar length, diameter, and electronic behaviour. Such demanding requirements need development of elaborate purification and sorting protocols. In this paper,  a brief review of the existing technologies and the research done is presented.Defence Science Journal, 2008, 58(5), pp.591-599, DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.14429/dsj.58.169