Old Copyright Suits May Be On the Rise Due to “Raging Bull”

A new door has opened regarding copyright infringement suits, both old and new, due to the ruling in Petrella v. MGM. The Copyright Act states that “no civil action shall be maintained under the provisions of this title unless it is commenced within three years after the claim accrued.” In simpler words, the statute of limitations for copyright infringement is three years. “If infringement occurred within three years prior to filing, the action will not be barred even if prior infringements by the same party as to the same work are barred because they occurred more than three years previously.” This post was originally published on the Cardozo Arts & Entertainment Law Journal website on March 8, 2017. The original post can be accessed via the Archived Link button above

Evaluation of the potentialities of a new beta-lyase enzyme in the release of S-volatile aromatic compounds in white and red wines

Mestrado Vinifera Euromaster - Instituto Superior de AgronomiaIn the past twenty years a rapid growing interest in thiols can be seen as a function of the amount of papers and research done on this topic, with the aim of understanding the biosynthesis of the main varietal thiols, as well as the desire to develop methods and ways to increase their concentration in wine. The aim of this research is to evaluate the potentialities of an additive in the form of β-lyase enzyme and the protocol used to utilize it. Two red varieties (Syrah and Touriga Nacional) and four white varieties (Alvarinho, Arinto, Encruzado and Viosinho) were used, grown and processed in Instituto Superior de Agronomia (ISA) in Lisbon, Portugal. To each varietal wine a control wine and a test wine (with enzyme addition) were made and compared for their chromatic characters and sensorial impression. Using the Statistical tools; t-Test, ANOVA, PCA and cluster analysis each treated wine was compared to its control. The results of this dissertation suggest that there are no significant differences between the treated wines and the control either in terms of chromatic characters or sensorial impressions, concluding that there may be loss of thiols to oxidation which requires a change in vinification scal

Inductive method for separable deformations

The Donald-Flanigan conjecture asserts that any group algebra of a finite group has a separable deformation. We apply an inductive method to deform group algebras from deformations of normal subgroup algebras, establishing an infinite family of metacyclic groups which fulfill the conjecture.Comment: 6 page

The Effect of Group Size on the Interplay between Dominance and Reproduction in Bombus terrestris

Social insects provide good model systems for testing trade-offs in decision-making because of their marked reproductive skew and the dilemma workers face when to reproduce. Attaining reproductive skew requires energy investment in aggression or fertility signaling, creating a trade-off between reproduction and dominance. This may be density-dependent because the cost of achieving dominance may be higher in larger groups. We investigated the effect of group-size in B. terrestris queenless workers on two major reproduction-dominance correlates: between-worker aggression, and pheromone production, aiming at mimicking decision-making during the transition of worker behavior from cooperation and sterility to aggressive reproductive competition in whole colonies. Despite the competition, reproductive division of labor in colonies can be maintained even during this phase through the production of a sterility signal by sterile workers that has an appeasement effect on dominant nestmates. Worker-worker aggression, ovary activation, and production of sterility-appeasement signals may therefore constitute components of a trade-off affecting worker reproduction decisions. By constructing queenless groups of different size and measuring how this affected the parameters above, we found that in all groups aggression was not evenly distributed with the α-worker performing most of the aggressive acts. Moreover, aggression by the α-worker increased proportionally with group-size. However, while in small groups the α-worker monopolized reproduction, in larger groups several workers shared reproduction, creating two worker groups: reproductives and helpers. It appears that despite the increase of aggression, this was evidently not sufficient for the α-worker to monopolize reproduction. If we compare the α-worker to the queen in full-sized colonies it can be hypothesized that worker reproduction in B. terrestris colonies starts due to a gradual increase in the worker population and the queen's inability to physically inhibit worker oviposition. This may shift the trade-off between cost and benefit of worker reproduction and trigger the competition phase

Using subthreshold events to characterize the functional architecture of the electrically coupled inferior olive network

The electrical connectivity in the inferior olive (IO) nucleus plays an important role in generating well-timed spiking activity. Here we combined electrophysiological and computational approaches to assess the functional organization of the IO nucleus in mice. Spontaneous fast and slow subthreshold events were commonly encountered during in vitro recordings. We show that whereas the fast events represent intrinsic regenerative activity, the slow events reflect the electrical connectivity between neurons ('spikelets'). Recordings from cell pairs revealed the synchronized occurrence of distinct groups of spikelets; their rate and distribution enabled an accurate estimation of the number of connected cells and is suggestive of a clustered organization. This study thus provides a new perspective on the functional and structural organization of the olivary nucleus and a novel experimental and theoretical approach to study electrically coupled networks

Electroconvulsive Therapy:a Video-Based Educational Resource Using Standardized Patients

Objective Video-based depictions of electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) can be useful for educational purposes, but many of the readily available resources may worsen already stigmatized views of the procedure. Educators' common reliance on such material highlights the paucity of equipoised depictions of modern ECT well suited for the training of health professionals. The authors developed and tested a new educational module enhanced by videotaped depictions of a simulated patient undergoing the consent, treatment, recovery, and follow-up phases of ECT. Methods The didactic intervention interspersed 7 short video clips (totaling 14 min) into a 55-min lecture on treatment-resistant depression. The session, part of an intensive course of preclinical psychiatry, was delivered online through synchronous videoconferencing with Zoom. The primary outcome measure was change in theQuestionnaire on Attitudes and Knowledge of ECT(QuAKE). Results Fifty-three out of 63 (87%) eligible second-year medical students completed assessments at baseline and after exposure to the didactic intervention. QuAKE scores improved between baseline and endpoint: the Attitudes composite increased from 49.4 +/- 6.1 to 59.1 +/- 5.7 (pairedt10.65,p <0.001, Cohen'sd0.69), and the Knowledge composite from 13.3 +/- 1.2 to 13.9 +/- 0.8 (pairedt3.97,p <0.001, Cohen'sd0.23). Conclusions These video-based educational materials proved easy to implement in the virtual classroom, were amenable to adaptation by end-use instructors, were well received by learners, and led to measurable changes in students' knowledge of and attitudes toward ECT

Tell Me What Is Good About This Property: Leveraging Reviews For Segment-Personalized Image Collection Summarization

Image collection summarization techniques aim to present a compact representation of an image gallery through a carefully selected subset of images that captures its semantic content. When it comes to web content, however, the ideal selection can vary based on the user's specific intentions and preferences. This is particularly relevant at Booking.com, where presenting properties and their visual summaries that align with users' expectations is crucial. To address this challenge, we consider user intentions in the summarization of property visuals by analyzing property reviews and extracting the most significant aspects mentioned by users. By incorporating the insights from reviews in our visual summaries, we enhance the summaries by presenting the relevant content to a user. Moreover, we achieve it without the need for costly annotations. Our experiments, including human perceptual studies, demonstrate the superiority of our cross-modal approach, which we coin as CrossSummarizer over the no-personalization and image-based clustering baselines

Co-constructive Patient Simulation:A Learner-Centered Method to Enhance Communication and Reflection Skills

INTRODUCTION: In simulation sessions using standardized patients (SPs), it is the instructors, rather than the learners, who traditionally identify learning goals. We describe co-constructive patient simulation (CCPS), an experiential model in which learners address self-identified goals. METHODS: In CCPS, a designated learner creates a case script based on a challenging clinical encounter. Topics that are difficult to openly talk about may be especially appropriate for the CCPS model. The script is then shared with an actor who is experienced working as an SP in medical settings. An instructor with experience in the model is involved in creating, editing, and practicing role play of the case. Following co-creation of the case, learners with no prior knowledge of the case (peers or a supervisor) interview the SP. The clinical encounter is followed by a group debriefing session. RESULTS: We conducted six CCPS sessions with senior trainees in child and adolescent psychiatry. Topics that are difficult to openly talk about may be especially appropriate for the CCPS model – without overt guidance or solicitation, the scripts developed by learners for this series involved: medical errors and error disclosure; racial tensions, including overt racism; inter-professional conflict; transphobia; patient-on-provider violence; sexual health; and the sharing of vulnerability and personal imperfections in the clinical setting. CONCLUSION: CCPS provides an alternative multi-stage and multi-modal approach to traditional SP simulation sessions that can adapt iteratively and in real time to new clinical vicissitudes and challenges This learner-centered model holds promise to enrich simulation-based education by fostering autonomous, meaningful, and relevant experiences that are in alignment with trainees’ self-identified learning goals