Vitamin D Level and Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphisms in Iranian Azeri Turkish Patients With Autoimmune Thyroid Diseases

The Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITDs) are among the most common endocrine disorders. Vitamin D as an immunomodulator and Vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene polymorphisms may be effective in AITDs pathogenesis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the vitamin D level and VDR BsmI and TaqI polymorphisms in Iranian Azeri Turkish patients with AITDs. This case-control study included 121 adults with AITDs and 117 non-AITDs controls. Serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D was measured by electrochemiluminescence (ECL) immunoassay. BsmI and TaqI polymorphisms were assessed by polymerase chain reaction fragment length polymorphism technique. The serum level of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in AITDs patients were lower than controls (P=0.03). The frequencies of TT, TC, CC, T and C genotypes/alleles at TaqI (rs731236) marker were 52.1%, 34.7%, 13.2% , 69.4% and 30.6% in AITDs and 44.4%, 41.9%, 13.7%, 65.4% and 34.6% in controls, respectively. The frequencies of AA, AG, GG, A and G genotypes/alleles at BsmI (rs1544410) marker were 14%, 64.5%, 21.5% , 46.3% and 53.7% in AITDs and 26.5%, 58.1%, 15.4%, 55.6% and 44.4% in controls, respectively. BsmI (rs1544410) GG+AG genotypes and G allele were more frequent among patients with Hashimoto compared with control group (86.6% vs. 73.5% (OR: 2.34, 95% CI: 1.16-4.70, P = 0.014) and 54.29% vs. 44.44% (OR: 1.48, 95% CI: 1.02-2.15, P = 0.038), respectively). Vitamin D status can be related to AITDs pathogenesis. BsmI (rs1544410) GG+AG genotypes and G allele may play an important role in the predisposition to Hashimoto.

Synbiotic as an adjunctive agent can be useful in the management of hyperglycemia in adults: An umbrella review and meta-research of meta-analysis studies

Background: The available evidence about the possible effects of synbiotics on glycemic indices is not conclusive. In this regard, an umbrella meta-analysis was conducted with the aim of providing a better estimate of the overall effects of synbiotic supplementation on glycemic indices. Methods: The following international databases were systematically searched until January 2022: PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, Web of Science, and Google Scholar. Results: A meta-analysis of 13 studies revealed a significant decreases in fasting blood sugar (FBS) (ES = -0.40, 95 % CI: −0.64, −0.15; p = 0.002, I2 = 69.2 %, p < 0.001), HOMA-IR (Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance) (ES = -0.55; 95 % CI: −0.79, −0.30, p < 0.001, I2 = 48.4 %, p = 0.042), and insulin (ES = -1.58; 95 % CI:-2.50, −0.67; p < 0.001, I2 = 95.0 %, p < 0.001) following synbiotic supplementation. Conclusion: The current umbrella of meta-analyses suggests that synbiotic supplementation can improve FBS, HOMA-IR, and insulin levels. Overall, synbiotics can be recommended as an adjunctive anti-hyperglycemic agent

Curcumin supplementation contributes to relieving anthropometric and glycemic indices, as an adjunct therapy: A meta-research review of meta-analyses

Background: Curcumin, a natural polyphenolic compound, can affect anthropometric and glycemic indices; however, the findings of existing meta-analyses are controversial. Study design: The current umbrella meta-analysis was performed among present systematic reviews and meta-analyses to investigate the effect of curcumin supplementation on anthropometric and glycemic indices. Methods: A comprehensive systematic search was performed on Embase, PubMed, WOS, Scopus, and Cochrane Library to obtain peer-reviewed papers published before 30/November/2021. meta-analysis was conducted using the random-effects model. Results: 12 meta-analyses were included in the current study. Our results have revealed that the curcumin supplementation can significantly decrease body mass index (BMI) (ES: −0.26; 95 % CI: −0.38, −0.14, p < 0.001; I2 = 0.0 %, P = 0.842), body weight (BW) (ES: −0.55; 95 % CI: −0.99, −0.12, p = 0.013; I2 = 81.1 %, p < 0.001), waist circumference (WC) (ES: −0.66; 95 % CI: −1.23, −0.09, p = 0.023; I2 = 72.4 %, p = 0.003), fasting blood sugar (FBS) (ES: −1.63; 95 % CI: −2.36, −0.89, p < 0.001; I2 = 88.4 %, p < 0.001), homeostasis model assessment-estimated insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (ES: −0.38; 95 % CI: −0.48, −0.28, p < 0.001;I2 = 35.9 %, p = 0.142), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (ES: −0.44; 95 % CI: −0.67, −0.21, p < 0.001;I2 = 65.0 %, p = 0.014), and insulin (ES: −0.86; 95 % CI: −1.52, −0.21, p = 0.010; I2 = 92.5 %, p < 0.001). Conclusion: These findings recommend curcumin supplementation as a favorable intervention to improve anthropometric and glycemic indices

Mechanistic and therapeutic insight into the effects of cinnamon in polycystic ovary syndrome: a systematic review

Abstract Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is one of the most common endocrine diseases in the women at their reproductive age. Nowadays, the use of herbal compounds for lesser side effects, as compared to drug treatments, has become popular for the prevention and reduction of the complications of this disease. Evidence suggests that cinnamon, given its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties, can be associated with reduced metabolic complications from chronic non-communicable diseases. This systematic review aimed to determine the potential effect of cinnamon on the metabolic status in the PCOS. PICO framework for current systematic review was Population (P): subjects with PCOS; Intervention (I): oral cinnamon supplement; Comparison (C): the group as control or administered placebo; and Outcome (O): changed inflammatory, oxidative stress, lipid profile, glycemic, hormonal and anthropometric parameters and ovarian function. PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, ProQuest and Google Scholar were searched from their very inception until January, 2020, considering specific keywords to explore the related studies. Out of 266 studies retrieved by the search strategy, only nine were eligible for evaluation. All clinical trials, animal studies, and published English-language journal studies were eligible for this review. The results showed that increased high-density lipoprotein and insulin sensitivity were increased by the cinnamon supplementation while low-density lipoprotein, triglyceride, and blood glucose were decreased in patients with PCOS. However, the results related to the potential effects of cinnamon on body weight and body mass index were inconsistent, thus calling for further studies. Also, despite improved results regarding the effect of cinnamon on oxidative stress and ovarian function, further studies are required to explore the precise mechanisms. Overall, the effects of cinnamon on the improvement of metabolic status in PCOS were promising. However, to observe clinical changes following cinnamon supplementation in PCOS, more clinical trials with higher doses of cinnamon and a longer duration of intervention are needed

The global prevalence of depression, anxiety, and sleep disorder among patients coping with Post COVID-19 syndrome (long COVID): a systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Background Post COVID-19 syndrome, also known as "Long COVID," is a complex and multifaceted condition that affects individuals who have recovered from SARS-CoV-2 infection. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to comprehensively assess the global prevalence of depression, anxiety, and sleep disorder in individuals coping with Post COVID-19 syndrome. Methods A rigorous search of electronic databases was conducted to identify original studies until 24 January 2023. The inclusion criteria comprised studies employing previously validated assessment tools for depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders, reporting prevalence rates, and encompassing patients of all age groups and geographical regions for subgroup analysis Random effects model was utilized for the meta-analysis. Meta-regression analysis was done. Results The pooled prevalence of depression and anxiety among patients coping with Post COVID-19 syndrome was estimated to be 23% (95% CI: 20%—26%; I2 = 99.9%) based on data from 143 studies with 7,782,124 participants and 132 studies with 9,320,687 participants, respectively. The pooled prevalence of sleep disorder among these patients, derived from 27 studies with 15,362 participants, was estimated to be 45% (95% CI: 37%—53%; I2 = 98.7%). Subgroup analyses based on geographical regions and assessment scales revealed significant variations in prevalence rates. Meta-regression analysis showed significant correlations between the prevalence and total sample size of studies, the age of participants, and the percentage of male participants. Publication bias was assessed using Doi plot visualization and the Peters test, revealing a potential source of publication bias for depression (p = 0.0085) and sleep disorder (p = 0.02). However, no evidence of publication bias was found for anxiety (p = 0.11). Conclusion This systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrate a considerable burden of mental health issues, including depression, anxiety, and sleep disorders, among individuals recovering from COVID-19. The findings emphasize the need for comprehensive mental health support and tailored interventions for patients experiencing persistent symptoms after COVID-19 recovery