Evolution of three biological markers during the selection process at the first iteration of each cycle.

<p>A) Evolution of the cell diameter. B) C: N ratio C) Chl a: Carbon ratio. Standard deviation was calculated on triplicate of independent measurements.</p

Relative fatty acid composition of the two new adapted strains in comparison with the initial W2X strain (n = 3; independent culture triplicates) as a % of total fatty acid.

<p>Relative fatty acid composition of the two new adapted strains in comparison with the initial W2X strain (n = 3; independent culture triplicates) as a % of total fatty acid.</p

Comparison between the new STurb and SFb strains and the initial W2X strain.

<p>A) Growth rate. B) Cardinal temperatures and thermal niche. Values are expressed as the mean ± standard deviation determined by a jackknife analysis. Groups marked with the same letter (a, b or c) are not statistically different (1% error, Student test). Different letters indicate groups statistically different.</p

Comparison of the total lipids (A) and lipid classes (B) between the adapted Sturb and SFb strains (n = 3; measurement triplicates) and the initial W2X strain (n = 3; independent culture triplicates) after nitrogen starvation.

<p>Comparison of the total lipids (A) and lipid classes (B) between the adapted Sturb and SFb strains (n = 3; measurement triplicates) and the initial W2X strain (n = 3; independent culture triplicates) after nitrogen starvation.</p

Temperature conditions applied during the 3 first cycles of the selection experiment in STurb and SFb.

<p>The same protocol with increasing temperature amplitudes was used for the following cycles (4 to 10).</p

Continuous selection pressure to improve temperature acclimation of <i>Tisochrysis lutea</i> - Fig 3

<p>A) Mean growth rates measured for SFb strain during each selection cycle (black circles), and theoretical growth rate calculated with the calibrated temperature model of the initial strain W2X (triangles) submitted to the same temperature conditions. Growth rate was measured at a minimum of 6 different dates on one culture (SFb, n>6), during the exponential phase to achieve a linear regression with error < 5% and thus an accurate growth rate determination. The vertical dashed lines indicate the amplitude of temperature variations during each cycle, and the horizontal continuous line corresponds to the mean temperature maintained constant at 28°C throughout the selection experiment. B) Time change of the selection coefficient measured in SFb. When measured during consecutive weeks of the same cycle, the selection coefficient increased with time (vertical arrows).</p

Temperature conditions applied during the selection experiment.

<p>A cycle was a set of temperature conditions (T_min and T_max) daily applied to culture during selection procedure.</p

Temperature conditions applied during the 3 first cycles of the selection experiment in STurb and SFb.

<p>The same protocol with increasing temperature amplitudes was used for the following cycles (4 to 10).</p

Experimental data from How do microalgae perceive light in a high-rate pond? Towards more realistic Lagrangian experiments

Experimental data obtained in the Lagrangian experimen