An efficient algorithm for monitoring virtual machines in clouds

Cloud computing systems consist of a pool of Virtual Machines (VMs), which are installed physically on the provider's set up. The main aim of the VMs is to offer the service to the end users. With the current increasing demand for the cloud VMs, there is always a huge requirement to secure the cloud systems. To keep these cloud systems secured, they need a continuous and a proper monitoring. For the purpose of monitoring, several algorithms are available with FVMs. FVM is a forensic virtual machine which monitors the threats among the VMs. Our formulated algorithm runs on FVM. In this paper, we formulate the Random-Start-Round-Robin algorithm for monitoring inside FVM

Secondary School Students' Perceptions and Challenges Toward Online Learning During the Covid-19 Pandemic in Saudi Arabia

The main objective of this research is to examine secondary school students' perceptions and challenges toward online learning during the Covid-19 pandemic in Saudi Arabia. Through the analysis of suggestions by students, the study sought to extract solutions for improving the learning and teaching experience in the event that the pandemic continues. This process allows for the researcher to identify weaknesses of online learning and thus forge credible solutions. SPSS will be used to examine the data and analyze the findings. Given that the quantitative research method was favored as part of the design, the data was collected using a questionnaire which provided all the information needed to carry out descriptive statistical analysis. The aforementioned tool was distributed to a study sample of (763) male and female secondary school students in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The findings highlight students’ perceptions amid the pandemic, and these include a myriad of privileges which are unique to online learning such as flexibility and convenience, the acquirement and mastery of technological skills, as well as greater participation from all types of students, including those who shy away from face-to-face interactions. By contrast, the results also exposed some prominent challenges including feelings of isolation, stress, and ubiquitous forms of distractions. The study recommends that future studies explore the topic of gender and how it affects the outcomes of online learnin

A Comprehensive Analysis of Aromatic-Proton Mediated Hydrogen Bonds

Hydrogen bonds play critical role in folding, structure and recognition of biological macromolecules (e.g., proteins, RNA, DNA). In addition to classical hydrogen bonds (e.g., ─OH---O=, ─OH---O─, ─NH---O─ etc.), structural analysis of protein and nucleic acids, almost a decade ago, showed that hydrogen bonds (e.g., CH---O) with hydrogen atoms on aliphatic carbon atoms (hereafter, aliphatic-protons) also play very important role in the structure and function of biomolecules. Even though, protons of aromatic ring systems (hereafter, aromatic-protons) are more polar than the aliphatic-protons, systematic analysis of hydrogen bonds of aromatic-protons have not been carried out. Therefore, I carried out a systematic analysis of hydrogen bonds that are made with aromatic-protons of tryptophan, tyrosine and phenylalanine amino acids in high-resolution structures of proteins and their complexes using a computer program that I created in R- and Perl languages. The analysis showed that aromatic CH---O are very common in proteins and tryptophan-CD1 is the most frequent participant in aromatic CH---O hydrogen bonds. The normalized frequency of occurrences of aromatic CH---O hydrogen bonds are greater than that of the aliphatic CH---O hydrogen bonds. Therefore, like aliphatic CH---O hydrogen bonds we anticipate that aromatic CH---O hydrogen bonds are likely to play equally, if not more, important role in macromolecular folding, stability and recognition. The numerous examples of aromatic CH---O hydrogen bonds observed here provides a good source of information that can be probed further by experiments to validate their important contribution

The experience of transition from high school to university : a qualitative exploration of perceptions of first year female students at King Saud University

Student retention has been one of the critical areas affecting university staff and students. Efforts to understand and remedy this problem have drawn research attention to the issue of transition. This study explored the problems faced by first year female students during transition to King Saud University in Saudi Arabia. Qualitative research was conducted, using an interpretive case study framework, over a longitudinal time-scale. The viewpoints of 21 participants from three faculties were captured through three phases of semi-structured interviews: one within the third week of the first semester, one at the end of the first semester, and one in the middle of the second semester. The purpose of doing so was to obtain insight into how students’ perceptions of the academic, social, and institutional (for example, support) aspects of the university changed over time as they acquired new experiences in the university setting.The findings indicate that first-year students often did not sufficiently understand the differences between high school and university in term of their responsibilities as independent learners. They were therefore unprepared for the academic and social changes they faced. Students often struggled to cope with the university’s academic demands, as they lacked a prior realistic comprehension of the learning and teaching mode in university. Socially, students were somewhat isolated at university, as a result of not participating in extra-curriculum activities and having limited relationships with lecturers. Their university participation was mainly confined to academic work. Over time, many of the students recognized the limitations of the academic skills and strategies they brought to university. First semester examinations prompted a crisis, which encouraged students in the second semester, to devote more time to their studies, to enhance their skills and competence, and to seek help from inside and outside sources. The findings challenge some aspects of existing theory. For example, students did not show a clear linear progression through the transition stages, with a marked separation from their former life. They also adopted support strategies that potentially expand the notion of communities of practice

The Perceptions of Academic Leaders for the Twenty-First Century Skills Necessary for Higher Education Students in Light of the Knowledge Society Requirements

The study aimed to identify the perceptions of academic leaders for the twenty-first century skills necessary for higher education students in light of the knowledge society requirements. To achieve the objectives of the study, the researcher used the descriptive analytical method, and a study tool that was prepared and verified for its validity and reliability. The study sample consisted of (224) academic leaders of Saudi official universities in the Saudi capital Riyadh. The results of the study showed that the perceptions of the study sample for the 21st century skills necessary for higher education students was high. The results of the study also showed that the degree of compatibility of higher education programs and practices with the 21st century skills was medium. The results of the study also indicated that there were no statistically significant differences at (α ≤ 0.05) to estimate the study sample of the twenty-first century skills necessary for higher education students due to the variables (academic specialization, academic rank, job position). The study recommended the need to formulate and adopt a renewable vision of universities based on the reality, needs, and philosophy of the society, and the development of curricula to be compatible with the 21st century skills necessary for higher education students

Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidant Activity of Salvadora persica extracts

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are founded in many health diseases and often generated from biological reactions or external factors. Natural antioxidant based on the prevention or treatment of complicated diseases has attracted an important deal of research interest. Phytochemical screening, total phenolic and flavonoid contents and hydrogen peroxide radical scavenging assays for evaluation of Salvadora persica (SP) in vitro antioxidant analysis of aqueous, methanolic and ethanolic extracts of roots were determined. It was found that the aqueous water gave the highest total extract yield followed by ethanol and methanol. Qualitative phytochemical screening showed the presence of different phytochemicals in water, methanol and ethanol extracts. Aqueous extract dispalayed the largest total phenolic contents followed by ethanolic and methanolic extracts while methanolic extract showed the higher flavonoids content than the ethanolic and aqueous extracts. Hydrogen peroxide scavenging method revealed that the aqueous and ethanolic extracts have good scavenging ability compared to gallic acid which used as positive control. there were strong negative significant correlations between hydrogen scavenging and phenolic contents (-0.369), but not with the contents of flavonoids. Also, the results revealed that there was a strong negative correlation between flavonoids and total phenolics. The results clearly indicate that root aqueous extract of Salvadora persica is having effective antioxidant activity. &nbsp

Knowledge, Attitude, Practice and Prevalence of dental caries in school children (Age12 to 16 years) in Najran, Saudi Arabia

Aim: To assess the knowledge, attitude, and oral health care practices and to study the prevalence of dental caries among male school students in Najran city, Saudi Arabia. Materials and Method: This study is a questionnaire based cross sectional study involving 300 school going children aged between 12 to 16 years. The children were selected using stratified random sampling method. Dental caries was recorded using Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT) index. Data on oral health knowledge, attitude, and behavioral practices were collected by means of a self-administered questionnaire. Results: The rate of caries prevalence is 76.3% and the incidence of dental caries was found to be highest in the age group of 16 years. A majority of the students (62%) said they used toothbrush while 50% of the students reported the use of a chewing stick. Conclusion: Lack of knowledge regarding oral health predisposes to dental caries. Children who had not been exposed to a dental visit for a long time tend to fear dental visits. Keywords: Knowledge, Attitude, Practice, dental caries, school children, Najra