Brainiac Caspases: Beyond the Wall of Apoptosis

For the last two decades, caspases, a family of cysteine-aspartic proteases, have evolved from being considered solely as regulators of apoptosis or inflammation to having a wider range of functions. In this mini review, we focus on the most recent "non-apoptotic" roles of caspases in the CNS, particularly in neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes. Non-apoptotic caspase functions in microglia have already been reviewed extensively elsewhere. Here we discuss the involvement of caspases in the activation of the inflammasome, autophagy, and non-apoptotic forms of cell death such as necroptosis and pyroptosis. Also, we review the involvement of caspases in synapses and the processing of aggregates key to neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's, Alzheimer's and Huntington's diseases. Likewise, we mention the recently described involvement of caspases in mitochondrial biogenesis, which is a function independent of the enzymatic activity. We conclude discussing the relevance that "new" functions of caspases have in the CNS and the future of this field of researchEspaña Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad SAF2015-64171- R (MINECO/FEDER, EU)España Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (Programa Ramón y Cajal: RYC-2017-21804

La reforma de la Segunda Enseñanza

Copia digital : Junta de Castilla y León. Consejería de Cultura y Turismo, 201

Exploring cross-lingual word embeddings for the inference of bilingual dictionaries

Paper included in: Proceedings of TIAD-2019 Shared Task – Translation Inference Across Dictionaries co-located with the 2nd Language, Data and Knowledge Conference (LDK 2019) Leipzig, Germany, May 20, 2019.[Abstract]: We describe four systems to generate automatically bilingual dictionaries based on existing ones: three transitive systems differing only in the pivot language used, and a system based on a different approach which only needs monolingual corpora in both the source and target languages. All four methods make use of cross-lingual word embeddings trained on monolingual corpora, and then mapped into a shared vector space. Experimental results confirm that our strategy has a good coverage and recall, achieving a performance comparable to to the best submitted systems on the TIAD 2019 gold standard set among the teams participating at the TIAD shared task.Research supported by a 2017 Leonardo Grant for Researchers and Cultural Creators (BBVA Foundation), by Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (Grant TIN2017-85160-C2-1-R), and by Xunta de Galicia (Grant ED431B-2017/01). Marcos Garcia has been funded by a Juan de la Cierva grant (IJCI-2016-29598), and Marcos García-Salido by a post-doctoral grant from Xunta de Galicia (ED481D 2017/009). We gratefully acknowledge the support of NVIDIA Corporation with the donation of the Titan Xp GPU used for this research.Xunta de Galicia; ED481D 2017/009Xunta de Galicia; ED431B-2017/0