5 research outputs found
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF LANDSCAPE FEATURES OF THE MINOR CAUCASUS (INCLUDING NAKHCHIVAN IN THE AZERBAIJAN TERRITORY) AND THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA, USA (DEATH VALLEY AND THE MOJAVE DESERT) FOR DEVELOPMENT OF TOURISM ECONOMY
In this report authors describe similar peculiarities of landscapes of Azerbaijan and the State of California, USA. Authors present natural features of these territories in order to analyze similarities of landscapes or their elements
Hardware Support for FPGA Â Resource Elasticity
FPGAs are commonly used in cloud computing due to their ability  to be  programmed  as a processor that serves a specific purpose; hence, achieving high performance at low power. On the other hand, FPGAs have a lot of resources available, which are wasted if they host a single application or serve a single userâs request. Partially Reconfiguration technology enables FPGAs to divide their resources into different regions and then dynamically reprogram those regions with various applications during runtime. Therefore, they are considered as a good solution to eliminate the underutilization resource problem. Nevertheless, the sizes of these regions are static; they cannot be increased or decreased once they are defined. Thereby, it leads to the underutilization of reconfigurable region resources. This thesis addresses this problem, i.e., how to dynamically increase/decrease partially reconfigurable FPGA resources matching an applicationâs needs. Our solution enables expanding and contracting the FPGA resources allocated to an application by 1) application acceleration requirements expressed in multiple smaller modules which are configured into multiple reconfigurable regions assigned to the application dynamically  and 2) providing a low - area - overhead, configurable, and isolated communication mechanism by adjusting crossbar interconnect and WISHBONE interface among those multiple reconfigurable regions. FPGA - kretsar har en förmĂ„ga  att programmeras som processorer med ett specifikt syfte vilket gör att de ofta anvĂ€nds i molnlösningar. Det tager hög prestanda med lĂ„g effektförbrukning. Ă
andra sidan disponerar FPGA - kretsar över stora resurser, vilka Àr bortkastade om de enbart anvÀnds av en applikation eller endast pÄ en anvÀndares förfrÄgan. Partiellt omkonfigurerbara teknologier tillÄter FPGA - kretsar att fördela resurser mellan olika regioner, och sen dynamiskt omprogrammera regioner med olika applikationer vid körning. DÀrför betraktas partiellt omkonfigurerbara teknologier som en bra lösning för att minimera underutnyttjande av resurser. Storleken pÄ regionerna Àr statiska och kan inte Àndras nÀr de vÀl definierats, vilket leder till underutnyttjande av de omkonfigurerbara regionernas resurser. Denna uppsats angriper problemet med dynamisk allokering av partiellt omkonfigurerbara FPGA - resurser utifrÄn applikationens behov. VÄr lösning möjliggör ökning och minskning av FPGA - resurser allokerade till en applikation genom 1) accelerering av applikationen genom att applikationen tilldelas flera mindre moduler konfigurerade till dynamiskt omkonfigurerbara regioner, och 2) tillhanda hÄllande av en effektiv konfigurerbar och isolerad kommunikationsmekanism, genom justering av crossbar - sammankoppling en  och  WISHBONE - grÀnssnittet hos de omkonfigurerbara regionerna
Hardware Support for FPGA Â Resource Elasticity
FPGAs are commonly used in cloud computing due to their ability  to be  programmed  as a processor that serves a specific purpose; hence, achieving high performance at low power. On the other hand, FPGAs have a lot of resources available, which are wasted if they host a single application or serve a single userâs request. Partially Reconfiguration technology enables FPGAs to divide their resources into different regions and then dynamically reprogram those regions with various applications during runtime. Therefore, they are considered as a good solution to eliminate the underutilization resource problem. Nevertheless, the sizes of these regions are static; they cannot be increased or decreased once they are defined. Thereby, it leads to the underutilization of reconfigurable region resources. This thesis addresses this problem, i.e., how to dynamically increase/decrease partially reconfigurable FPGA resources matching an applicationâs needs. Our solution enables expanding and contracting the FPGA resources allocated to an application by 1) application acceleration requirements expressed in multiple smaller modules which are configured into multiple reconfigurable regions assigned to the application dynamically  and 2) providing a low - area - overhead, configurable, and isolated communication mechanism by adjusting crossbar interconnect and WISHBONE interface among those multiple reconfigurable regions. FPGA - kretsar har en förmĂ„ga  att programmeras som processorer med ett specifikt syfte vilket gör att de ofta anvĂ€nds i molnlösningar. Det tager hög prestanda med lĂ„g effektförbrukning. Ă
andra sidan disponerar FPGA - kretsar över stora resurser, vilka Àr bortkastade om de enbart anvÀnds av en applikation eller endast pÄ en anvÀndares förfrÄgan. Partiellt omkonfigurerbara teknologier tillÄter FPGA - kretsar att fördela resurser mellan olika regioner, och sen dynamiskt omprogrammera regioner med olika applikationer vid körning. DÀrför betraktas partiellt omkonfigurerbara teknologier som en bra lösning för att minimera underutnyttjande av resurser. Storleken pÄ regionerna Àr statiska och kan inte Àndras nÀr de vÀl definierats, vilket leder till underutnyttjande av de omkonfigurerbara regionernas resurser. Denna uppsats angriper problemet med dynamisk allokering av partiellt omkonfigurerbara FPGA - resurser utifrÄn applikationens behov. VÄr lösning möjliggör ökning och minskning av FPGA - resurser allokerade till en applikation genom 1) accelerering av applikationen genom att applikationen tilldelas flera mindre moduler konfigurerade till dynamiskt omkonfigurerbara regioner, och 2) tillhanda hÄllande av en effektiv konfigurerbar och isolerad kommunikationsmekanism, genom justering av crossbar - sammankoppling en  och  WISHBONE - grÀnssnittet hos de omkonfigurerbara regionerna
Towards Hardware Support for FPGA Resource Elasticity
FPGAs are increasingly being deployed in the cloud to accelerate diverse
applications. They are to be shared among multiple tenants to improve the total
cost of ownership. Partial reconfiguration technology enables multi-tenancy on
FPGA by partitioning it into regions, each hosting a specific application's
accelerator. However, the region's size can not be changed once they are
defined, resulting in the underutilization of FPGA resources. This paper argues
to divide the acceleration requirements of an application into multiple small
computation modules. The devised FPGA shell can reconfigure the available PR
regions with those modules and enable them to communicate with each other over
Crossbar interconnect with the Wishbone bus interface. For each PR region being
reconfigured, it updates the register file with the valid destination addresses
and the bandwidth allocation of the interconnect. Any invalid communication
request originating from the Wishbone master interface is masked in the
corresponding master port of the crossbar. The allocated bandwidth for the PR
region is ensured by the weighted round-robin arbiter in the slave port of the
crossbar. Finally, the envisioned resource manager can increase or decrease the
number of PR regions allocated to an application based on its acceleration
requirements and PR regions' availability.Comment: Preprint of paper presented at Euromicro Conference on Digital System
Design (DSD'22