Ownership Structure and Firm Performance in the Middle East: A Meta-Analysis

This paper applies a meta-analysis method to investigate the moderating impact of political stability on the relationship between ownership identities and firm performance in the Middle Eastern countries (i.e., the Arab World). The study collected 105 correlations from 46 previous studies with 11,999 observations in 11 Middle Eastern countries. The findings show that most ownership identities such as institutional ownership, government ownership, inside ownership, and family ownership have positive relationship with firm performance. Another interesting finding shows that in countries with political instability, the level of ownership identities such as institutional ownership, foreign ownership, and inside ownership play an important role in controlling companies, which leads to firm performance. The meta-analysis results reveal that different levels of political stability have an impact on the role of the majority shareholders. The findings provide evidence that the performance of ownership identities in the Middle Eastern countries remains effective, especially with the existence of fair protection rights and political stability

Corporate Governance Mechanisms and Voluntary Disclosure in Saudi Arabia

The main objective of this study is to examine the impact of internal and external corporate governance mechanisms on voluntary disclosure in Saudi Arabia. The sample consists of 87 companies from the Saudi Stock Market. The data are collected from the annual reports for the available financial years 2006 and 2007. It is found that corporate governance mechanisms play a vital role in providing quality reporting. Most corporate governance mechanisms, especially non-executive directors, board size, CEO duality, audit quality, and government ownership, have a significant contribution in providing quality voluntary disclosure. The findings of this study provide evidence on the effectiveness of corporate governance as a mechanism of monitoring power to provide users with adequate and sufficient information. The findings of this study have important implications for authority regulators, policy makers, shareholders and other users of reports who have an interest in best practices of corporate governance. Keywords: Corporate Governance, Voluntary Disclosure, Saudi Arabi

Instruments and risks in islamic financial institutions / Rashidah Abdul Rahman, Fauziah Hanim Tafri and Yaseen Al Janadi.

The nature of specific risks facing Islamic Financial Institutions (IFIs) together with the virtually unlimited number of ways available to them to provide funds through the use of combinations of the permissible Islamic modes of financing, profit and loss sharing (PLS) modes of financing and non-PLS, raises a host of issues among others in risk management. This paper presents and explains the different types of risks arising from Musharakah, Mudharabah, Murabahah, Salam, Istisna and Ijarah Islamic products. Further, it highlights how financial institutions that provide such Islamic financial contracts are exposed to several corresponding underlying risks, as well as how these risks are managed

Ownership Structure and Firm Performance in the Middle East: A Meta-Analysis

This paper applies a meta-analysis method to investigate the moderating impact of political stability on the relationship between ownership identities and firm performance in the Middle Eastern countries (i.e., the Arab World). The study collected 105 correlations from 46 previous studies with 11,999 observations in 11 Middle Eastern countries. The findings show that most ownership identities such as institutional ownership, government ownership, inside ownership, and family ownership have positive relationship with firm performance. Another interesting finding shows that in countries with political instability, the level of ownership identities such as institutional ownership, foreign ownership, and inside ownership play an important role in controlling companies, which leads to firm performance. The meta-analysis results reveal that different levels of political stability have an impact on the role of the majority shareholders. The findings provide evidence that the performance of ownership identities in the Middle Eastern countries remains effective, especially with the existence of fair protection rights and political stability

The Effect of Performance Accountability Reporting on Public Trust for NPOS in Qatar

Public trust is one of the main pillars in the continuous of Non-profit Organizations (NPOs). In order for an NPO to build public trust, they need to provide accountability. Thus, the study examines the performance accountability in the Qatari NPOs and the extent to which this accountability affects the public trust. The study used the survey to collect the data from the public who deal with NPOs in Qatar. The survey was developed to focus mainly on examining the relationship between public trust and NPOs’ performance. Furthermore, the survey focuses on measuring the public trust toward the activities provided by NPOs to society. Based on 77 responses, the results find that there is a sufficient level of accountability reporting among NPOs in Qatar. Furthermore, the relationship between accounting performance and public trust is significantly positive. The findings provide the implication that accountability reporting is important to build public trust in Qatar as one of the Middle East countries which most of these developing countries depend more on charities to help governments in social responsibility

Does government ownership affect corporate governance and corporate disclosure?

Purpose: This paper aims to examine the moderating effect of government ownership (GO) on the association between corporate governance (CG) and voluntary disclosure (VD). Design/methodology/approach: This study used multivariate analysis to examine the moderating variable. Findings: GO has a moderating negative effect on the association between CG factors [e.g. board size, non-executive directors (NEDs)] and VD, which indicates that GO plays a negative role in the effectiveness of CG. The study also found that audit quality is not affected by the influence of GO, indicating that companies without GO are better than companies with GO in terms of applying the best practices of CG to provide sufficient and high-quality disclosure. Originality/value: This study has important implications for governments to be more effective in implementing the best practices of CG. Additionally, the findings could have implications for authority regulators, policy makers and shareholders to require effective implications for CG to reduce the effects of GO the implementation of best CG practices and the disclosure of quality information. 2016, Emerald Group Publishing Limited.Scopu