Greek atrocities in local press of Cyprus between 1958-1974

Bu çalışmada, Kıbrıs'taki Rum halkının 1958-1974 yılları arasında Türk halkına karşı yapmış olduğu mezalimler incelenmiştir. Bu çalışma ile Kıbrıs Türk halkının günümüzde bir devlet olabilme mücadelesini verirken bulunduğu şartlar ve bu mücadele için hem cephede hem de cephe gerisinde de halkın sağladığı katkının büyüklüğü ile dayanma azmi yerel basın gözüyle irdelenerek ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışmanın birinci bölümünde, 1571-1959 yılları arasında ‟Kıbrıs Adası'nın Tarihi" hakkında bilgi verilmiştir. Ada sırasıyla Hitit, Finike, Asur, Mısır, Persler, Photomeler, Lüzinyan, Roma, Bizans, Emevi, İngiltere ve Osmanlı Devleti tarafından yönetilmiştir. Bu dönemler içerisinde en iyi yönetildiği dönem Osmanlı idaresinde kaldığı dönem olmuştur. Osmanlı Devleti'nin son dönemlerinden itibaren Rumlar arasındaki milliyetçi fikirlerin artması ile Enosis fikri ortaya çıkmış ve bu fikir doğrultusunda hareket edilmiştir. Çalışmanın ikinci bölümünde ‟Kıbrıs Basın Tarihi" ele alınmış ve günümüze kadarki basın tarihinin gelişimi incelenerek Kıbrıs Milli Mücadelesindeki önemi ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışmanın üçüncü bölümünde 1958-1963 yılları arasında Rumların Türklere karşı giriştiği ilk şiddet olaylarından Sinde, Atlılar ve Üç Şehitler katliamları anlatılmıştır. Bu katliamlarla Türklere gözdağı vererek Türkleri adadan kaçırmak istenmiştir. Çalışmanın dördüncü bölümünde 1963-1974 yılları arasında yaşanan Kumsal Baskını, Ayvasıl, Arpalık, Geçitkale Katliamları ve Pilot Yzb. Cengiz Topel'in şehit edilişi anlatılmıştır. Vatanlarını terk etmeyen Kıbrıslı Türklere karşı şiddet olayları artmış, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti buna sessiz kalamamış ve tepki göstermiştir. Çalışmanın son bölümünde, 1974 yılında Rumların Enosis ve Akritas planlarını gerçekleştirmek için bir kez daha harekete geçmesiyle Alaminyo, Muratağa, Sandallar, Atlılar, Taşkent'de yapılan katliamlar ile birçok Türk'ün şehit edilmesi, öldürülen ve yaralı Kıbrıslı Türklerin topluca mezarlara gömülmeleri anlatılmıştır.In this work, Cypriot Greek's atrocities against the Turkish community between the years of 1958 - 1974 were examined. With this work, conditions of Turkish Cypriot people in their struggle to establish a sovereign state and importance of the contribution provided by the people both in front and behind the line for this struggle and also their willingness will be examined from the point of view of local press. In the first section of this study, information about "The History of Cyprus Island" between the years of 1571 and 1959 were given. The Cyprus island was ruled by Hittites, Phoenicians, Assyrians, Egyptians, Persians, Ptolemaics, Lusignans, Romans, Byzantines, Umayyads, Ottomans and British. It can be alleged that the best management was realized during the Ottoman rule. Rise of nationalist ideas among the Cypriot Greek Cypriots during the last periods of Ottoman Empire caused to born of the ENOSIS notion and activities of Greeks in accordance to it. In the second section of the work, history of press in Cyprus was examined, development of press to modern times was studied and importance of the press in the National Struggle of Cypriot Turks was illustrated. In the third section of the work, some of the earlier violent actions of the Greeks against the Turks; such as Sinde, Atlilar, Üçsehitler massacres was recited. These massacres were aiming to intimidate Turks and make them to leave the island. In the fourth section of this study, the Beach Raid, Ayvasıl, Arpalık, Gecitkale massacres and martyrdom of Pilot Lt. Cengiz Topel was described. By this time, the violences against the Cypriot Turkish people who had insisted to stay in their homes increased and Republic of Turkey reacted to the situation. In the last section of the study, martyrdom of Turks during the massacres of Alaminos, Murataga, Sandallar, Atlılar and Taskent conducted by the Cypriot Greeks who were acting for the purpose of the realization of the ENOSIS and Akritas and burial of killed or wounded Turks in mass graves

Evaluation of case series of delayed tularaemia

Tularemia is a zoonotic disease caused by the gram-negative bacterium Francisella tularensis. Clinical suspicion is extremely important and serology is the gold standard for diagnosis. The oropharyngeal form of tularemia in Turkey takes the form of outbreaks or sporadic cases. Delay in diagnosis is the major factor in complications. Five delayed cases of tularemia in the Marmara region of Turkey are described in this paper between 2009-2015 years. All patients’ diagnoses were confirmed with serology, and all had LAP on their neck regions. The lymphadenopathies persisted despite medical treatment four being excised by Ear Nose and Throat Clinic (ENT). Tularemia must be considered in the evaluation of masses on the neck, particularly in endemic areas. The most important factor in the successful management of tularemia is early initiation of treatment. The risk of suppuration and surgical interventions increases in delayed cases

Spontaneous Splenic Artery Aneurysm Rupture Diagnosed at Autopsy: A Case Report

Sudden death of a person whose current illness is unknown to him and his environment is called “sudden death” and an autopsy is needed to understand the cause of death. Cardiovascular diseases are the most common cause of sudden death. When the splenic artery reaches >1 cm in diameter, it is considered an aneurysm. The majority of splenic artery aneurysms (SAA) are asymptomatic and are usually detected incidentally on radiological imaging or autopsy. Except for splenic infarction and bleeding, fatal complications of rupture have been reported between 2% and 10%. In our study, a case in which the diagnosis of SAA rupture as the cause of death was detected at autopsy is presented. In splenic artery aneurysms, which are usually asymptomatic, complications such as rupture, which may result in high mortality, may develop. As a result, it can be encountered in emergency services with clinical pictures that require rapid intervention or in autopsies as sudden unexpected death cases. For these reasons, we think that incidental diagnoses should be kept in mind in cases requiring urgent intervention for clinicians and in postmortem examinations for forensic science experts

Sınıf II subdivizyon maloklüzyonda mandibular asimetrinin değerlendirmesi

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Sınıf II subdivizyon maloklüzyonlardaki mandibular iskeletsel asimetrilerin prevalansını, Sınıf I ve Sınıf II maloklüzyonlarla karşılaşırmalı olarak belirlemektir.Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışmaya her biri 40’ar bireyden oluşan 3 grup dahil edilmiştir: bir Sınıf I oklüzyon grubu (14 erkek ve 26 kadın; yaş ortalaması 14.68±1.86), bir Sınıf II oküzyon grubu (12 erkek, 28 kadın ; yaş ortalaması 14.02±1.74), ve sınıf II subdivizyon oklüzyon grubu (19 erkek and 21 kadın; yaş ortalaması 14.32±2.42). Her bir hasta için panoramik radyogramlarda(OPG) sekiz doğrusal ve bir açısal ölçüm yapılmıştır. Sağ ve sol ya da Sınıf I ve Sınıf II tarafların ölçümlerini kıyaslamak için Wilcoxon testi kullanılmıştır. Grup içi değerlendirmelerde P < 0,05 seviyesindeki asimetrilerin kıyaslanması için Kruskal-Wallis ve post-hoc Mann- Whitney U testleri kullanılmıştır.Bulgular: Sınıf I ve Sınıf II veya subdivizyon grubundaki bireylerin Sınıf I tarafları ve Sınıf II tarafları veya sağ sol tarafları arasında, yalnızca gonial açıda anlamlı farklılık gözlenmiştir (P < 0.05). Sınf II subdivizyon grubundaki kondil boyları ve korpus uzunluklarındaki asimetri indeksleri diğer gruplara kıyasla daha büyüktür (P < 0.05) ve diğer asimetri indeksleri açısından gruplar arasında anlamlı bir farklılık gözlenmemiştir (P < 0.05).Sonuçlar: Sınıf II subdivizyon grubundaki bireyler, Sınıf I ve Sınıf II gruplarındakilere kıyasla daha asimetrik mandibulaya sahiptir

Effects of the Activator and Twin Block on Facial Soft Tissue Thickness in Class II Division 1 Patients

Objective:The purpose of this study was to evaluate and compare the effects of the activator and Twin Block appliances on soft tissue thickness in Class II division 1 patients.Materials and Methods:Soft tissue thickness measurements were obtained from standardized lateral and posteroanterior cephalograms taken at the beginning and end of the time the appliances were used. The study patients consisted of 3 different groups: the control group (group I) comprised 30 patients (13 male, 17 female; mean age: 12.15 6 0.61 years); the activator group (group II) comprised 30 patients (12 male, 18 female; mean age: 12.15 6 0.68 years); and the Twin Block group (group III) comprised 30 patients (14 male, 16 female; mean age: 12.10 6 0.62 years). In the present study, 12 linear anthropologic points were measured. Intragroup comparisons were analyzed using the paired samples t test; and for the intergroup comparisons, the ANOVA and Tukey tests were used at the p , 0.05 level.Results:According to the intragroup comparisons, there were significant differences in groups II and III in the skeletal measurements (SNB, ANB, L1-NB, UL-E plane, and LL-E plane), and in the soft tissue thickness measurements (labrale superius, stomion, labiomental, pogonion, and gnathion) (p,0.05). When the treatment changes were compared between the groups, there were no significant differences between groups II and III. However, between groups I and II or III there were significant differences in the measurements of the SNB, ANB, L1-NB, UL-E plane, LL-E plane, and labiomental soft tissue thicknesses.Conclusions:Both the activator and Twin Block therapies improved the mandibular advancement in Class II patients and affected the soft tissue thickness in a similar way; only the labiomental region was affected

Mechanical Properties of Different Aesthetic Archwires

Objectives:In response to patient demands for better aesthetics in orthodontics, manufacturers have developed different aesthetic wires and brackets. The aim of this study were to evaluate the mechanical properties of archwires. Thus, color properties and surface roughness of the different aesthetic archwires were analyzed.Materials and Method:Seven brands of aesthetic archwires were evaluated for color and roughness measurements. The color measurement of each sample was performed using a spectrophotometer. A profilometer was used to measure surface roughness. For roughness, Ra (average roughness), Rq (root mean square roughness), and Rz (maximum peak to valley height) parameters were used. A Kruskal-Wallis test was used to compare intergroup differences. For pairwise comparisons, a Mann- Whitney U test was used.Results:Intergroup comparisons revealed remarkable differences between groups for all parameters. The surface roughness and Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage L*a*b* color values were statistically different from each other for all intergroup comparisons (p , .001).Conclusion:Having different color options for aesthetic wires gives clinicians an advantage in terms of the ability to choose archwires that are more harmonious with individual teeth in terms of bracket color and thus provide a more aesthetic appearance

Usefulness of the uric acid and CHA2DS2-VASc score in prediction of left atrial thrombosis in patients with mitral stenosis and sinus rhythm

Background: The risk of thrombus formation in the left atrium is known to be very high in patients with both mitral stenosis (MS) and atrial fibrillation (AF). However, that risk should not be ignored in patients with MS in sinus rhythm (SR). The aim of this study was to determine the clinical, echocardiographic, and biochemical factors that could have a determining role in the formation of a left atrial (LA) thrombus in patients with MS in SR. Method: A total of 207 consecutive patients with MS who underwent both transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) and transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) for diagnosis or to investigate the presence of a thrombus in the LA and appendage were enrolled in this study. Results: LA thrombus was detected in 21 of 207 patients. CHA2DS2-VASc score was not found to be a predictor of LA thrombosis in patients with MS in SR, despite the higher CHA2DS2-VASc scores observed in those patients. The mitral valve area and mitral valve gradient were not predictive of LA thrombus development; however, LA anteroposterior diameter (LAAPD) was found to be a predictor of LA thrombosis. Levels of high sensitivity-C-reactive protein and uric acid were higher in the patients with LA thrombosis, but only uric acid was found to be a predictor of LA thrombosis in multivariate analysis. Conclusions: A larger LAAPD and an elevated serum uric acid level were found to be independent predictors of LA thrombosis in patients with MS in SR.

The effects of antitrombin ııı on lung injury in a model of experimental acute pancreatitis

Acute pancreatitis, especially in the severe form, is a well-known disease causing both local intraabdominal and remote organ disturbances, including lungs. As a natural inhibitor of serine proteases, antithrombin was previously shown to attenuate the tissue damage after ischemia-reperfusion, sepsis, and shock in several organ systems. Here, we examined the effects of antithrombin on pulmonary injury in a rat acute pancreatitis model. Thirty male Wistar-Albino rats underwent median laparotomy and randomized into three groups: group I (control) bilio-pancreatic duct was dissected but not ligated (n=10), group II (acute pancreatitis group) bilio-pancreatic duct was ligated (n=10), and group III (AT treated group) AT III 250 U/Kg was injected following bilio-pancreatic duct ligation (n=10). After observation time (48 hours) animals were sacrificed and myeloperoxidase activity together with tissue wet/dry ratio in the lung parenchyma were assessed and compared. There was a statistically significant increase in the quantity of myeloperoxidase activity and tissue wet/dry ratio of lungs in the acute pancreatitis group when compared to the control group. Treatment of animals with antithrombin partly reduced the pulmonary injury characterized by increased tissue wet/dry ratio and myeloperoxidase activity. But this reduction was not found to be statistically significant. Beneficial effects of AT in preventing pulmonary injury following experimental models of sepsis and ischemia-reperfusion have been reported previously. In our model of experimental acute pancreatitis, AT showed some attenuating effect on pulmonary injury despite it was limited when compared to that of ischemiareperfusion and sepsis models. This result suggests that some other confounding factors may be involved in the mechanisms of pulmonary injury related to acute pancreatitis. We believe that further detailed studies are needed to elucidate the exact mechanisms of that injury.Akut pankreatitte gelişen akciğer hasarına Antitrombin III'ün etkisi araştırıldı. 30 adet rat üç gruba ayrıldı ( n=10). Grup I (Kontrol grubu): Laparotomi ve bilio-pankreatik kanal hazırlığı yapıldı. Grup II (Akut pankreatit grubu):Bilio-pankreatik kanal bağlanarak akut pankreatit ve akciğer hasarı oluşturuldu. Grup III (Tedavi grubu): Bilio-pankreatik kanal bağlandı ve Antitrombin III verilerek akciğer dokusunun ıslak/kuru ağırlık oranı ve miyeloperoksidaz aktivitesindeki değişimler ölçüldü. Grup II ve III de miyeloperoksidaz aktivitesi ve ıslak/kuru ağırlık oranındaki artış kontrol grubuna göre anlamlı derecede yüksek saptandı (p<0.0001). Grup III de miyeloperoksidaz ve ıslak/kuru oranında azalma görüldü. Fakat bu değişim istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bulunmadı. Literatürde deneysel iskemi-reperfüzyon ve sepsis modellerinde gelişen akciğer hasarı üzerine olumlu etkileri bildirilen Antitrombin III'ün, çalışmamızda oluşturulan pankreatite bağlı akciğer hasarını kısmen azalttığı, fakat bu etkinin iskemi-reperfüzyon ve sepsis modellerine göre çok daha sınırlı kaldığı görülmektedir. Bu da pankreatite bağlı akciğer hasarının oluşum mekanizmasında etkili başka faktörlerin olabileceğini düşündürmektedir. Bu konuda altta yatan mekanizmaları aydınlatmak için ileri çalışmalara ihtiyaç vardır