17 research outputs found
Stalinist Repression in Estonia: State of the Research and Open Questions
This article focuses on the research of Stalinist repression in Estonia, observing the work done within the past 25 years. Understandably, many studies have concentrated on victims and repressive institutions. The public concern for the topics in the 1990s has considerably declined in recent years. Although by today we have an
excellent overview of committed acts of violence, there are numerous aspects that require in-depth research. It is necessary to notice not only the victims and perpetrators, but also common citizensâ forms of action both in crucial and everyday situations. The engagement of fellow-citizens in various punishment operations, staging âguiltâ and confrontation, and other similar maneuvers caused tensions in the population and as such facilitated the established control over society. Mapping various measures taken by the state and the experiences gained by different social groups is an essential stage in interpretation of tough times. This work needs to be continued
Cleansing and Compromise
RĂ©sumĂ©Ăpuration et compromis : la SSR dâEstonie en 1944-1945En 1944, alors que lâArmĂ©e rouge occupait de nouveau lâEstonie, commença une immense vague de purges. Plus du tiers de lâensemble des arrestations dues au rĂ©gime stalinien se firent au cours de ces 15 mois, le nettoyage de lâEstonie -- en prĂ©paration dĂšs 1941 sur le sol soviĂ©tique -- Ă©tant une prioritĂ© de la politique soviĂ©tique dans cette rĂ©publique. Seuls les territoires anciennement occupĂ©s par les Allemands connurent de telles mesures. Lâarticle analyse cette vague rĂ©pressive qui, Ă lâorigine, visait ceux qui avaient « collaborĂ© avec les Allemands » mais sâĂ©tendit par la suite aux « nationalistes bourgeois ». En marge des persĂ©cutions, se constituait un appareil bureaucratique rassemblant des informations sur un quart de la population. Lâon peut nĂ©anmoins dĂ©celer les Ă©lĂ©ments dâune politique de compromis. Stalin procĂ©da Ă des amnisties et des lĂ©galisations afin dâaffaiblir la rĂ©sistance et de sâattacher les habitants de ces territoires nouvellement conquis dont un grand nombre, y compris des criminels de guerre, Ă©chappa Ă la rĂ©pression. Le rĂ©gime ayant besoin dâEstoniens qualifiĂ©s pour diriger la RSS dâEstonie, il fit preuve dâune relative tolĂ©rance Ă lâĂ©gard de « dĂ©viances ». La combinaison de rĂ©pression et de compromis faisait partie intĂ©grante de la politique stalinienne.AbstractIn 1944, the Red Army recaptured Estonia and a large-scale cleansing campaign began. In barely 15 months, more than one third of all political arrests during Stalinist rule took place, and cleansing was the Soviet Unionâs top priority policy in Estonia. Similar measures were taken all over formerly German occupied territory. Preparations for those actions had already been started in the Soviet rear since 1941. The paper analyses this wave of cleansing initially aimed at âcollaborators with the Germansâ and later mainly targeted at âbourgeois nationalists.â Behind the persecution was a bureaucratic apparatus which, through time, collected information about a quarter of the population. Apart from persecution, elements of a policy of compromise are also visible. Stalin used amnesties and legalization to weaken resistance and win over the population in newly acquired territories. Many people, including some war criminals, evaded persecution. Because the regime needed qualified ethnic Estonians to run the Estonian SSR, it practiced some toleration of âdeviation.â The combination of cleansing and compromise was part and parcel of Stalinist policy
Eesti halduse ja institutsioonide ajalugu
BeSt programmi toetusel valminud kursusel kĂ€sitletakse Eesti ala haldusliku korralduse ajalugu, institutsioonide arenguid valitud teemade ning rĂŒhmade lĂ”ikes. Kursusel omandatav teadmine aitab kiiremini orienteeruda arhiivifondide materjalides ning ĂŒles leida vajalikke dokumente
Poliitiline vĂ€givald Eestis 1905â1960
Kursus vĂ”tab vaatluse alla poliitilise surve ning sellega kaasnenud vĂ€givalla kasutamisega enim seonduvad sĂŒndmused ja perioodid alates 1905. a revolutÂŹsiÂŹoo-nist kuni inimeste vabanemiseni NĂ”ukogude vangilaagritest ja sundasumiselt. Kursuse pĂ”hirĂ”hk on erineva isikuloolise materjali (mĂ€lestused, kirjad, pĂ€evikud, intervjuud jm) kaudu tutvustada ja teadvustada materjalis avalduvaid eripalgelisi kogemusi ning sĂŒndmuste mĂ€letamise viise. SeelĂ€bi testib kursus ĂŒhtlasi meie tĂ€naseid teadmisi lĂ€himinevikus toimunu kohta