Evrişimsel sinir ağları kullanarak fare yüz buruşturması ölçeklendirme otomasyonu için çoklu kamera sistemi.

Over the past decade, convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have gained great progress on the area of computer vision. Many problems related to automation of image recognition or classification are now possible to be solved using CNN with an accuracy much more than a human can achieve. One of these problems is the automation of Mouse Grimace Scaling (MGS). It is such a time consuming and error-prone task even for an expert to classify the pain levels of a mouse for lots of images captured from videos. For this reason, it is essential to incorporate the benefits of popular machine learning algorithms into this research area. The purpose of this thesis is to achieve significant results for practical implementations along with improving the methodology for automation of MGS. In this thesis, a complete set of methodology starting from the mouse monitoring setup to building the neural network model for automation of MGS was studied and the results were compared with that of previous works. For detecting the mouse in video frames, the previously developed tracker algorithms and detection networks were used without change. The evaluation was performed by means of both classification and regression problem and transfer learning was adopted for the basis of the study. For regression, MAE of 0.226 was achieved for one cross-validation (CV) balanced set, and 0.26 was achieved for overall balanced sets (score range, 0 to 2). For binary-classification, 91.10% accuracy was achieved for one CV balanced set, while 82.45% was achieved for overall balanced setsThesis (M.S.) -- Graduate School of Natural and Applied Sciences. Electrical and Electronics Engineering

Çevresel Sürdürülebilirlik Uygulamaları Açısından BIST 100 Endeksinde Yer Alan İşletmelerin Performanslarının İncelenmesi

Bu çalışma ile Borsa İstanbul (BİST) 100 Endeksinde yer alan işletmelerin faaliyet alanlarına göre oluşturulmuş çevresel risk dereceleri ile çevresel sürdürülebilirlik performansları incelenmiş, ayrıca çevresel sürdürülebilirlik performansları açısından sürdürülebilirlik endeksinde yer alan işletmeler ile yer almayan işletmeler arasında bir farklılığın bulunup bulunmadığına da bakılmıştır. İşletmelerin faaliyet alanlarına göre risk derecelerinin belirlenmesinde, ‘‘BİST Sürdürülebilirlik Endeksi Araştırma Metodolojisi” dokümanından yararlanılmıştır. İşletmelerin çevresel sürdürülebilirlik konusundaki uygulamaları ISO 14001 Çevre, ISO 14064 Sera Gazı ve ISO 50001 Enerji Yönetim Sistemleri sertifikalarının varlığı ile ölçülmüştür. Yapılan inceleme sonucunda BİST 100 Endeksinde yer alan işletmelerin yarıdan fazlasının yüksek çevre riskine sahip olduğu belirlenmiştir

Learning curve for unilateral endoscopic totally extraperitoneal inguinal hernioplasty in a teaching hospital

INTRODUCTION: The present study is a description of the learning curve experienced and the process implemented to incorporate the increasingly common laparoendoscopic technique of totally extraperitoneal (TEP) inguinal hernia repair at our clinic.METHODS: Patients with a primary unilateral inguinal hernia who underwent laparoscopic TEP repair between May 2013 and May 2018 were included in the study. The patients were separated into 7 groups. The learning curve parameters (duration of operation, rate of conversion to open surgery, intraoperative and postoperative complications) were recorded and statistically compared.RESULTS: Of the 380 patients, 349 were male and 31 were female, and the mean age was 52±14.2 years. The mean duration of the operation was 46±25.9 minutes. There was a statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of surgical time. The duration of the operation plateaued at <1 hour after 60 surgeries. There was no statistically significant difference between the last 2 groups in terms of the duration of the operation. A total of 7 patients were converted to open surgery. There was no difference between groups in terms of the duration of hospitalization. The average follow-up period was 18 months (range: 3–63 months). Seroma and hematoma occurred in 3 patients and hernia recurrence was observed in 4 patients.DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: It was concluded that a surgeon who has already performed a certain number of inguinal hernia operations can complete the learning curve for TEP repair after 60 operations when the appropriate technical conditions are provided, and that subsequent surgeries can be performed in an optimal time with low complication and recurrence rates.Keywords:Duration of surgery, laparoendoscopic repair; learning curve; totally extraperitoneal

Intraperitoneal Ventralex™ ST Hernia Patch Application for Ventral Hernia Repair

Objective:Traditional methods commonly used in ventral hernia repair have a high recurrence rate. In patch repair, the recurrence rate is low, but there are many prosthetic materials. Ventralex™ ST hernia patch has small and medium sizes. We aimed to determine the results in ventral hernias.Methods:A single-center retrospective analysis was performed. Ventral hernias <3 cm were repaired using intraperitoneal Ventralex™ ST hernia patch between January 2015 and March 2017. Demographic characteristics, operative time, analgesic requirement, length of hospital stay, postoperative complications, and recurrences were recorded.Results:A total of 65 patients with umbilical, epigastric, and trocar site hernia underwent surgery. Thirty-four patients were female, and 31 were male. According to the localization, 43 patients had an umbilical hernia, 16 had an epigastric hernia, and six had trocar site hernia. Hernia size was <2 cm in 35 patients and 2-3 cm in 30 patients. The mean body mass index was 28 kg/m2. Wound infection was detected in two patients, and one patient had seroma. The mean follow-up was 17 months. No recurrence was observed during follow-up.Conclusion:Ventralex™ ST hernia patch is a safe prosthetic material that can be applied by open surgical technique with low complication and recurrence rates, especially in small and medium-sized umbilical, epigastric and trocar site hernias.Keywords:Ventral hernia, umbilical hernia, Ventralex™ hernia patc

An extra-adrenal paraganglioma treated with radiotherapy

Abdominal paragangliomas (PG) are usually misdiagnosed as retroperitoneal masses originated from pancreas, kidney or adrenal gland. Although the optimum treatment of the disease is surgical excision, resection may not be proper secondary to advanced disease or close relationship with the main vessels.Case:A 72 year old female patient was suffering from right lumbar pain and feeling of fullness for last 1 year. In another medical center a computed abdomen tomography (CT) had been carried out which was showing a pancreatic mass. For further evaluation she was referred to our clinic. Physical examination revealed bilateral grade 2 lower extremity edema and an appendectomy scar. We repeated CT and performed three-dimensional reconstruction revealing of a 35x52x42 mm sized hypervascular mass which was separate from the pancreas. This mass was partially surrounding inferior vena cava and entering the aorta-caval groove. CT-guided trucut biopsy was performed. Pathology resulted as benign, low mitotic activity PG. She was diagnosed as extra-adrenal paraganglioma (EAPG). Being close to the main vessels, instead of surgical excision radiotherapy (RT) was decided. After completion of the treatment, abdominal pain and lower extremity edema disappeared. 6 months after RT on control CT, there was no progression in the size of the mass.PG is a rare tumor. Because of the risk of malignant transformation, decided treatment should be surgery. After confirmation of the diagnosis, for paragangliomas which has close relationship to main vessels RT is an alternative treatment

Subkostal Kesi Fıtığı Onarımında Yama Sabitlemede Sütür Kullanımı: Olgu Sunumu

Kesi fıtıklarında laparoskopi sıklıkla kullanılmaktadır. Zımba atıcılar sayesinde yama sabitleme oldukça kolaylaşmıştır fakat bu aletlerin subkostal bölgede etkinliği azalmaktadır. Transfasyal dikişler, zımba atıcılar için açısı zor ve riskli bölgelerde alternatif olarak kullanılabilirler

THE IMPACT OF GLOBALIZATION AND FINANCIAL REPORTING ON THE EFFICIENCY OF FINANCIAL MARKETS: AN ASSESSMENT FROM IT PERSPECTIVE

Bu çalışma, finansal raporlama ve küreselleşmenin finansal piyasaların etkinliği üzerindeki etkisine bilgi teknolojileri açısından bir bakış sunmaktadır. Bilgi teknolojilerindeki gelişmeler, ekonomileri birbirine entegre etmek suretiyle iş dünyasını yeniden şekillendirip küreselleşmeyi beraberinde getirmiştir. Ekonomi biliminin, kaynakların tahsisinde etkinliği öngördüğü dikkate alındığında; küreselleşmenin, etkinlik arayışının evrensel yolu haline geldiği görülmektedir. Bilgi, yüksek verimliliğe sahip üretim faktörlerinin üretim sürecine katılmasında önemli rol oynayan ve bu süreci başlatan temel bileşen olarak karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Finansal piyasaların, finansal raporlama mekanizmasının sağladığı nitelikli bilgiye olan ihtiyacı bilgi teknolojilerinin hayati rolünü ortaya koymaktadır. Dolayısıyla, finansal piyasaların etkin çalışması ve kaynakların yanlış tahsisinin önlenmesi için piyasa oyuncularının yüksek kalitede bilgi ile donatılması gereklidir

Intraperitoneal Ventralex Patch Applications in Ventral Hernia Repairs

Ventral hernias are among the common conditions in surgical practice and umbilical hernias are the most frequently encountered ones of them. The development of recurrence at the rates varying from 10% to 54% after the repair of ventral hernias with primary suture techniques (herniorrhaphy) have made patch repairs (hernioplasty) popular. In our clinic, a total of 71 patients were operated by using the Ventralex patch, one side of which was ePTFE and the other side was polypropylene and which could be administered intraperitoneally, between January 2015 and June 2017. Hernias larger than 3 cm were not included in the study. Small ventral hernias were repaired with open surgical method by intraperitoneal tension-free method. Of the patients, 40 were male and 31 were female, and the mean age was 47.5 (range 28-74) years. According to the ventral hernia typing, there were 46 cases with umbilical hernia (65%), 18 cases with paraumbilical hernia (26%), and 7 cases with trocar site hernia. All cases were operated under general anesthesia. Duration of operation, analgesic requirement, duration of hospitalization, postoperative complications, and recurrences were recorded. The mean duration of surgery was detected to be 35 min (range 22-60). All patients were applied analgesia on the first day after surgery and discharged one day after the operation. They were asked to come for the first control examination after 1 week and for the second control examination after 4 weeks. Minimal wound site infection was observed in two cases (2.8%). No recurrence developed in any case. In our study, we concluded that the Ventralex patch used in small ventral hernia cases that were operated with open technique is a prosthetic material that can safely be used owing to its advantages including low complication rate, ease of application and shorter hospitalization