Monosaccharide Distribution of Soils on a Toposequence in the Humid Tropical Rainforest, Southeastern, Nigeria

Soil monosaccharide distribution provides useful information about its carbohydrate origin and tendency for carbon sequestration. Monosaccharide (glucose, galactose, mannose, arabinose and xylose) distribution of soils on a toposequence in Mbano, southeastern, Nigeria was estimated by extracting 1g soil with 25 mls of 80% hot alcohol. Experimental design was a 2 x 3 x 5 factorial of horizon, physiography and monosaccharides in a randomized complete block setup with 3 replications. Also monosaccharide contents were correlated and regressed with soil properties. Mean monosaccharide contents averaged over horizons and physiography varied as 0.03, 0.07, 0.68, 0.74 and 0.88% in increasing order of glucose < galactose < mannose < xylose < arabinose. Also, averaged over horizon and monosaccharides, mean values were 0.62, 0.79 and 0.98% in increasing sequence of toe-slope < summit < mid-slope physiographic positions. Averaged over physiographic positions and monosaccharide contents, concentrations  of AB (0.670%) was distinctly (LSD 0.05) better than A (0.30%) horizons. Galactose+mannose/arabinose+xylose and mannose/xylose ratios were less than unity indicating that the carbohydrates were of plant origin. Also, mean arabinose/xylose and xylose/mannose ratios were greater than unity, signifying fresh plant tissues with high decomposition rates respectively. Soil monosaccharides correlated (P < 0.05) with the bulk density, clay, ECEC, moisture content, pH, total porosity, P and organic carbon with less than 20% of the monosaccharides accounted by the soil properties. In general, the soil carbohydrates originated from fresh rapidly decomposing plant tissues with poor tendency for carbon sequestration. Keywords: Monosaccharide, toposequence, carbon sequestration, humid tropics and southeastern Nigeri

Dyslipidemias in normotensive and hypertensive individuals.

The present work was carried out to compare the effects of age and antihypertensive therapy on lipid profile in hypertensive and normotensive individuals. A total of 150 individuals were used for the study.100 hypertensive under therapy were used and 50 normotensive served as control. Serum lipid (Cholesterol (T -chol) , triglyceride (TG), Phospholipids (PL),High density lipoprotein( HDL-chol ), Low density lipoprotein( LDLchol) and very low density lipoprotein (VLD L- chol) were biochemical parameters monitored. The normotensive studied had mean age of 50 \ub1 11 years and blood pressure of 117 \ub1 6 / 77\ub1 6 mmHg. The hypertensive had mean age of 55 \ub1 10 years and blood pressure of 177\ub125 /103 \ub1 10 mmHg. The study revealed that there was a highly significant effect of age on total cholesterol in hypertensive than normotensive individuals .The mean total cholesterol (T -chol) and triglyceride (TG) were (156\ub111, and 59 \ub1 4) mg/dl respectively for the normotensives; and hypertensive the means were 166 \ub1 13 for the T \u2013chol and 66\ub1 7 mg/dl for triglyceride (P<0.05). Similarly, a significant lower phospholipids level of 158\ub18 mg /dl was obtained for normotensives, hypertensives had a mean (165\ub1 11 mg/dl, P<0.05). However, HDL-chol was lower in hypertensives (57\ub1 10) mg/dl than in normotensives (64\ub1 13) mg/dl). Hypertensive patients also recorded higher mean values of LDL-chol (95\ub1 17) mg/dl than the normotensives with mean values of 81\ub1 15 mg/dl for LDL- chol. Marginally higher level of VLD L- chol was observed in hypertensive patients as well compared to normotensive individuals VLD L- chol(13\ub1 2)mg/dl and 12 \ub1 1 mg/dl for VLD Lchol(P<0.05). \ua9 JASE

Dyslipidemias in normotensive and hypertensive individuals.

The present work was carried out to compare the effects of age and antihypertensive therapy on lipid profile in hypertensive and normotensive individuals. A total of 150 individuals were used for the study.100 hypertensive under therapy were used and 50 normotensive served as control. Serum lipid (Cholesterol (T -chol) , triglyceride (TG), Phospholipids (PL),High density lipoprotein( HDL-chol ), Low density lipoprotein( LDLchol) and very low density lipoprotein (VLD L- chol) were biochemical parameters monitored. The normotensive studied had mean age of 50 ± 11 years and blood pressure of 117 ± 6 / 77± 6 mmHg. The hypertensive had mean age of 55 ± 10 years and blood pressure of 177±25 /103 ± 10 mmHg. The study revealed that there was a highly significant effect of age on total cholesterol in hypertensive than normotensive individuals .The mean total cholesterol (T -chol) and triglyceride (TG) were (156±11, and 59 ± 4) mg/dl respectively for the normotensives; and hypertensive the means were 166 ± 13 for the T –chol and 66± 7 mg/dl for triglyceride (P<0.05). Similarly, a significant lower phospholipids level of 158±8 mg /dl was obtained for normotensives, hypertensives had a mean (165± 11 mg/dl, P<0.05). However, HDL-chol was lower in hypertensives (57± 10) mg/dl than in normotensives (64± 13) mg/dl). Hypertensive patients also recorded higher mean values of LDL-chol (95± 17) mg/dl than the normotensives with mean values of 81± 15 mg/dl for LDL- chol. Marginally higher level of VLD L- chol was observed in hypertensive patients as well compared to normotensive individuals VLD L- chol(13± 2)mg/dl and 12 ± 1 mg/dl for VLD Lchol(P<0.05). © JASE