Housing Tenure Choice and Housing Affordability in Nigeria: A Comparative Analysis of Owners and Renters of Organized Private Sector Housing

Housing tenure choice is one key decision that a household must make. This decision has been established to have direct implications for household housing affordability. This research assessed and compared the housing affordability of owners and renters of organized Private Sector Housing delivery in Nigeria. Data were collected from eleven (11) states and the Federal Capital Territory across the six (6) geo-political zones of Nigeria. A cross-sectional survey design was adopted with multi-stage sampling technique employed to select estates residents for interview. Structured questionnaire were administered on 10% (1,950) heads of households randomly selected from all the occupied houses. The study revealed that 48% of the residents were owners and 52% renters. It was discovered that more owners than renters are under severe housing affordability stress/burden. While 29% of owners enjoy “normal housing affordability” (housing expenditure of 1% - 30%), 41% of renters enjoyed such. Also, while 36% of owners enjoyed “tolerable housing affordability” (30.1% - 50% housing expenditure), 41% of the renters fall within that range. Furthermore, while 35% of owners are theoretically under severe housing affordability stress/burden (with >50% housing expenditure), only 18% of the renters are. The study confirmed that renters enjoyed better housing affordability than the owners. Major policy implications include the need for housing policy and delivery in Nigeria to recognize and facilitate rental housing while steps should be taken to relieve the burden of home ownership by working on mortgage penetration, cost of building materials and other incidental expenses of ownership so as to enhance housing affordability of Nigerians

2. Urban violence & urban design: Infrastructures in Time and Space

Introduction The urban environment is the locus of various forms of violence. The city is a meeting point for peoples from diverse cultural, racial and religious backgrounds, a place where they struggle for scarce economic resources as well as political power. The heterogeneity of the urban environment makes it an attractive place for thieves, rapists, assassins, murderers, etc., who can commit crimes with little fear of recognition. According to Gibbert and Gugler (1982), a city provides the..

4. Coping mechanisms

Introduction As presented in chapter one and from observations of available statistics and daily media reports, there is copious evidence that the incidence of urban violence is high in Lagos. A critical analysis of the information collected from this study confirms that reports of violence in Lagos are real. This chapter presents an in-depth analysis of the characteristics of urban violence in Lagos and documentation of the reaction of Lagos residents to it. Characteristics of Urban Violence..

5. Public and private security organizations in Lagos

Introduction All over the world, the incidence and intensity of crime have been increasing. Most countries of the world are, therefore, looking for additional ways of combating the rising wave and increasing sophistication of urban violence. A 1990 survey by the United Nations revealed that while most countries of the developed world spend an average of 2 to 3 per cent of their annual budgets on crime control, those of the developing world spend an average of 9 to 14 per cent. This is spent o..

3. Lagos: A Socio-economic Profile of Selected neighbourhoods

Lagos: The context of the study It is an undisputable fact that in Nigeria today, Lagos remains the most complex metropolitan centre of regional population and organization; a major focus of political, financial and cultural power for its own residents, and for people in neighbouring states; and after Abuja — the Federal Capital — it is the commercial/industrial capital, the major port of entry and exit from Nigeria, and the most significant city in the country. On the one hand, the role whic..

6. Summary, suggestions and policy recommendations

Introduction Various suggestions were made by the respondents on how to make metropolitan Lagos a better place to live and work, a Lagos free from daylight robbery, car snatching and the like, where the residents will sleep with both eyes closed (see highlighted text, p. 113). These suggestions include both the orthodox and the radical. They include, for example, how to make the police more effective in combating crime; although many still look towards the improvement of urban infrastructures..

Preface

In 1993, when some scholars from the University of Ibadan made a proposal to the Institut Français de Recherche en Afrique (IFRA) — French Institute for Research in Africa, to study the increasing spate of urban violence in Africa, it was not anticipated that the scope of the study would increase at such a fast pace in the following years. The Institute agreed to fund the project and an international symposium was organized in Nigeria in 1994, with the aim of focusing attention on the issue o..

I. Introduction

About a decade ago, on November 4, 1985, the Times International of London reported that crime was prevalent in Nigeria. Lives were no longer safe... the nation was being crippled by an insecurity problem posed by criminals. Prominent Nigerians, whose interests cut across all walks of life, had their lives terminated through gruesome murders. Announcements concerning stolen vehicles were a daily feature on the news. Now, more than ten years later, the situation has become more frightening. No..