32 research outputs found

    Estimation of the Economic Efficiency of Cashew Nut Production in Benin

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    This study contributes to the debate regarding the competitiveness of developing countries in the context of globalization. To take advantage of this trend, developing countries will have to position themselves properly through new policies and efficiency in production. In Benin, new orientation of agricultural policy concerns the diversification of exported products. Therefore, and due to the decrease of international price of cotton which represents the main exported crop, cashew nut, the second exported crop by Benin, becomes more interesting for government policy. The study quantified cashew nut production farmers’ efficiency using a stochastic production frontier and a cost function combined with numerical classification. Primary data were collected from a stratified random sample of 262 farmers in Benin. Using numerical classification, we distinguished three classes from cashew nut producers with an average plantation area of 3.6; 8.9 and 20 hectares. The results showed that scale effect was absent because larger farmers were not more efficient than the small ones. Results also revealed significant inefficient of input use in cashew nut production in Benin. Yet, about 39 % and 61 % of the cashew nuts’ farmers were technically and economically inefficient, respectively, indicating that farmers could increase output and households income through better use of available resources. The study also revealed that the farmers who were technically and economically inefficient have less experience in of cashew nut production, less contact with the extension structure and are not member of a farmers’ association.Benin, efficiency analysis, exported products, cashew nut, policy, Crop Production/Industries,

    Application de la Programmation Stochastique DiscrĂšte Ă  l’évaluation de l’impact de la contrainte de crĂ©dit sur le revenu et la production agricoles dans la basse vallĂ©e de l’OuĂ©mĂ©

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    MalgrĂ© la mise en oeuvre des diffĂ©rentes politiques d’ajustement structurels dĂ©coulant de l’option du libĂ©ralisme Ă©conomique, l’économie bĂ©ninoise peine toujours Ă  dĂ©coller avec une agriculture Ă  dominance familiale et traditionnelle, subvenant difficilement aux besoins des populations sans cesse croissantes. Les mĂ©nages agricoles ruraux vivent toujours dans des situations contraignantes de crĂ©dit qui sont souvent considĂ©rĂ©es comme faisant partie des contraintes majeures au dĂ©veloppement agricole du pays. Ainsi, au regard de l’importance accordĂ©e au crĂ©dit dans les programmes de dĂ©veloppement, cette Ă©tude s’est proposĂ©e d’analyser la vulnĂ©rabilitĂ© des exploitations agricole Ă  la contrainte de crĂ©dit d’une part et, d’autre part, de faire une Ă©valuation ex antĂ© l’impact de la levĂ©e de cette contrainte sur la production et le revenu agricole de ces exploitations. L’étude a Ă©tĂ© rĂ©alisĂ©e dans la basse vallĂ©e de l’OuĂ©mĂ© et a utilisĂ© les donnĂ©es empiriques collectĂ©es auprĂšs de 54 exploitations agricoles. Ces donnĂ©es ont Ă©tĂ© complĂ©tĂ©es par les donnĂ©es secondaires de sources diverses. L’approche mĂ©thodologique adoptĂ©e a Ă©tĂ© la modĂ©lisation par la programmation linĂ©aire stochastique discrĂšte tenant compte des risques d’inondations. Le modĂšle de programmation Ă©laborĂ© a montrĂ© que les petites exploitations sont les plus vulnĂ©rables Ă  la contrainte de crĂ©dit. Ainsi, le modĂšle a estimĂ© respectivement Ă  2,62 ; 0,76 et 0,55 FCFA l’augmentation du revenu qui rĂ©sulterait de l’apport d’un francs CFA supplĂ©mentaire du crĂ©dit formel pour les petites, moyennes et grandes exploitations. En ce qui concerne l’impact de la levĂ©e de la contrainte sur la production et le revenu agricoles, les prĂ©dictions du modĂšle ont montrĂ© que cette levĂ©e pourrait permettre d’accroĂźtre la production du piment de 66% tout en rĂ©duisant celle du niĂ©bĂ© de 65%. Par ailleurs, l’impact de la levĂ©e de la contrainte de crĂ©dit sur le revenu agricole a Ă©tĂ© Ă©valuĂ© Ă  21,26% pour les exploitations moyennes.Programmation linĂ©aire, modĂ©lisation, production, revenu agricole, BĂ©nin, Agricultural Finance,

    Gendered Impact of Irrigated Rice Schemes’ Governance on Farmers’ Income, Productivity and Technical Efficiency in Benin

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    Collective actions groups have many advantages and are sometimes essential, yet they can reinforce or perpetuate inter-and intra-gender inequalities when their functioning is left entirely subject to internal community dynamics and they are not well managed. This is well illustrated by the case of Koussin-Lélé rice scheme in the central Benin. This paper apply inequality indices and frontier production function to data from a sample of male and women rice farmers to analyze the gender inequalities in access to land and the governance of the groups, and their gender-differentiated impacts on farmers' productivity, technical efficiency and income. The results show that women are particularly discriminated against with regards to access to land, with significant negative impacts on their productivities and incomes. However, this discrimination did not have a significant impact on technical efficiency.Gender, land distribution, Rice, technical efficiency, productivity, income, Agricultural and Food Policy, Consumer/Household Economics, Demand and Price Analysis, Farm Management, Food Consumption/Nutrition/Food Safety, Food Security and Poverty, International Relations/Trade, Marketing, Productivity Analysis, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies,

    Evaluation des Strategies Optimales de Production et de Transformation du riz a Travers Une Analyse du Consentement Des Consommateurs au Benin: Application du Model Hedonique

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    Le prĂ©sent article vise Ă  analyser les facteurs dĂ©terminant la prĂ©fĂ©rence des consommateurs et leur consentement Ă  payer pour bĂ©nĂ©ficier des attributs du riz local et du riz importĂ©. Le modĂšle de prix hĂ©donique a Ă©tĂ© utilisĂ© pour dĂ©terminer les prix marginaux implicites des attributs du riz local et du riz importĂ©. Les donnĂ©es aussi bien quantitatives que qualitatives ont Ă©tĂ© collectĂ©es auprĂšs d’un Ă©chantillon de 233 mĂ©nages consommateurs de riz repartis dans deux dĂ©partements du BĂ©nin (Collines et Littoral). Il ressort des rĂ©sultats que pour le riz importĂ©, les prix marginaux implicites sont de 45,3FCFA pour l’absence de corps Ă©trangers, 46,25FCFA pour la disponibilitĂ© toute l’annĂ©e, 51,66 FCFA pour la blancheur, 16,21FCFA pour l’arĂŽme et 14,11FCFA pour la cohĂ©sion des grains. Quant au riz local, les consommateurs sont disposĂ©s Ă  payer marginal pour bĂ©nĂ©ficier des attributs tels que la cohĂ©sion (18,88 FCFA) et la forte capacitĂ© de gonflement (13,84FCFA). Pour les autres attributs tels que la disponibilitĂ© en pĂ©riode prĂ© rĂ©colte, la disponibilitĂ© en pĂ©riode de rĂ©colte ou de post-rĂ©colte et le goĂ»t, les prix marginaux implicites sont nĂ©gatifs pour le riz local : - 48,24 ; -39,94 et -51,56FCFA respectivement. Plusieurs efforts restent donc Ă  faire pour changer cette tendance.Demande, Prix implicite, Attributs, Riz local, Riz importĂ©, BĂ©nin, Farm Management,

    Compétitivité de la filiÚre anacarde au Bénin: une analyse des effets aux prix de référence

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    La politique agricole du BĂ©nin connaĂźt depuis quelques annĂ©es, de profonds changements. En effet, les diffĂ©rentes imperfections du marchĂ© et les risques liĂ©s Ă  la monoculture ont amenĂ© l’Etat Ă  opter pour une diversification agricole. Ainsi, neuf (09) filiĂšres dont la filiĂšre anacarde sont identifiĂ©es comme prioritaires. Cette Ă©tude utilise la Matrice d’Analyse des Politiques (MAP) pour Ă©valuer la compĂ©titivitĂ© des diffĂ©rents segments de la filiĂšre anacarde au BĂ©nin. A cet effet, une enquĂȘte quantitative est menĂ©e auprĂšs des diffĂ©rents acteurs Ă  savoir 198 producteurs, 61 commerçants et 7 transformateurs. Les rĂ©sultats issus de l’étude montrent que les systĂšmes de production, de commercialisation et de transformation de la filiĂšre sont tous compĂ©titifs. Les systĂšmes de production les plus compĂ©titifs sont ceux utilisant les plantules issues de sĂ©lection des semences amĂ©liorĂ©es comme mode de semi de l’anacarde. L’étude conclut aussi que la filiĂšre avec le systĂšme de transformation voit sa compĂ©titivitĂ© s’amĂ©liorĂ©e. Par contre, le systĂšme de commercialisation, dans son organisation actuelle ne favorise pas les producteurs. De tout ce qui prĂ©cĂšde, il est Ă  retenir que toute politique de diversification orientĂ©e vers le dĂ©veloppement de la filiĂšre anacarde sera bĂ©nĂ©fique pour les acteurs concernĂ©s et pour la nation. Cette politique devra surtout viser Ă  amener les producteurs Ă  pratiquer les systĂšmes de production les plus compĂ©titifs et Ă  rĂ©sorber les divergences d’intĂ©rĂȘts observĂ©es entre les producteurs qui sont les plus grands perdants et les commerçants

    Analyse des Determinants des Exportations Beninoises de Noix D'Anacarde

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    La dĂ©pendance du BĂ©nin d’une seule culture d’exportation a jusqu’ici fragilisĂ© son Ă©conomie. La filiĂšre cajou apparaĂźt comme l’une des plus intĂ©ressantes Ă  dĂ©velopper suite Ă  la crise cotonniĂšre. Cet article examine les facteurs qui expliquent les exportations des noix d'anacarde au BĂ©nin et leurs effets. Pour ce faire, la mĂ©thode d’estimation des ModĂšles Ă  Correction d’Erreur (ECM) est utilisĂ©e. Les rĂ©sultats rĂ©vĂšlent que l’augmentation de la production et la pratique d’un prix relativement bas permettra au BĂ©nin d’acroitre significativement le niveau actuel de ses exportations de noix cajou Ă  court et Ă  long terme. Mots clĂ©s : Noix de cajou, Exportations, ModĂšle Ă  correction d’erreur, BĂ©nin

    Analyse des Determinants des Exportations Beninoises de Noix D'Anacarde

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    La dĂ©pendance du BĂ©nin d’une seule culture d’exportation a jusqu’ici fragilisĂ© son Ă©conomie. La filiĂšre cajou apparaĂźt comme l’une des plus intĂ©ressantes Ă  dĂ©velopper suite Ă  la crise cotonniĂšre. Cet article examine les facteurs qui expliquent les exportations des noix d'anacarde au BĂ©nin et leurs effets. Pour ce faire, la mĂ©thode d’estimation des ModĂšles Ă  Correction d’Erreur (ECM) est utilisĂ©e. Les rĂ©sultats rĂ©vĂšlent que l’augmentation de la production et la pratique d’un prix relativement bas permettra au BĂ©nin d’acroitre significativement le niveau actuel de ses exportations de noix cajou Ă  court et Ă  long terme. Mots clĂ©s : Noix de cajou, Exportations, ModĂšle Ă  correction d’erreur, BĂ©nin.International Relations/Trade,

    Taux et dĂ©terminants de l’adoption des technologies agricoles : cas des

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    In spite of the socio-economic importance of yam, his production is still facing serious constraints as no availability and inadequacy of seed tubers. In order to cope with these constraints, International of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) has developed improved varieties of which we have TDrs’ varieties. Many years after their extension in Benin, it’s then important to evaluate their adoption rate and identify factors which determine this adoption. This study’s aim is to contribute to this evaluation. Data used came from 202 yam producers randomly selected in villages pertain to Borgou and Collines’s regions. The framework developed by Reed et al. (1991) and the counterfactual outcomes framework estimating the Average Treatment Effect have been respectively used to analyze on the one hand yam producers’ perceptions and on the other hand the rate and determinants of the TDrs varieties’ adoption. Results indicate that the information rate is 44 % and the main factors determine information access are the participation on trials activities, being member of yam producers’ association, contact with extension agents and the revenue proving by yam production. The results also reveal that aptitude to a good pounded yam, yield, markets value and aptitude to be consumed as boiled yam are the main criteria that yam producers are looked for when choosing any yam varieties. Aptitude to a good pounded yam remains the only criterion not met by the TDrs varieties promoting. The adoption of theses varieties is influenced by producers’ access to information, their age and their perception about aptitude to be transformed in chips and markets value. The TDrs population adoption rate is estimated to be 37 % in 2007 and is projected to reach up to 65 % in the long term

    Taux et dĂ©terminants de l’adoption des technologies agricoles : cas des

    No full text
    In spite of the socio-economic importance of yam, his production is still facing serious constraints as no availability and inadequacy of seed tubers. In order to cope with these constraints, International of Tropical Agriculture (IITA) has developed improved varieties of which we have TDrs’ varieties. Many years after their extension in Benin, it’s then important to evaluate their adoption rate and identify factors which determine this adoption. This study’s aim is to contribute to this evaluation. Data used came from 202 yam producers randomly selected in villages pertain to Borgou and Collines’s regions. The framework developed by Reed et al. (1991) and the counterfactual outcomes framework estimating the Average Treatment Effect have been respectively used to analyze on the one hand yam producers’ perceptions and on the other hand the rate and determinants of the TDrs varieties’ adoption. Results indicate that the information rate is 44 % and the main factors determine information access are the participation on trials activities, being member of yam producers’ association, contact with extension agents and the revenue proving by yam production. The results also reveal that aptitude to a good pounded yam, yield, markets value and aptitude to be consumed as boiled yam are the main criteria that yam producers are looked for when choosing any yam varieties. Aptitude to a good pounded yam remains the only criterion not met by the TDrs varieties promoting. The adoption of theses varieties is influenced by producers’ access to information, their age and their perception about aptitude to be transformed in chips and markets value. The TDrs population adoption rate is estimated to be 37 % in 2007 and is projected to reach up to 65 % in the long term.yam, information, adoption, ATE, TDrs varieties, Benin, Crop Production/Industries, Research and Development/Tech Change/Emerging Technologies,

    Fish farming systems diversity and implications in the Republic of Benin: Fish farm types and their economic performance

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    Fish farming is promoted in the Republic of Benin to meet the demands of fish con sumption and increase exports to neighbouring countries. Targeting fish farm policy interventions to increase the efficiency of heterogeneous fish farming systems is a challenge. Farm type delineation allows for simplifying the diversity in fish farming systems. Multivariate statistical techniques combined with the Calinski and Harabasz pseudo F statistic and bootstrapping were applied to determine the realistic num ber of fish farm types. Four fish farm types were identified and characterised based on farm intensity, species diversification, and the management capacity of operators. Furthermore, profits and both labour and capital productivity increased continuously from the extensive fish farms to the semi-intensive farms. They also vary widely within farm types across the country. These farm types may be supported by appropriate fish farming promotion policy interventions. Most importantly, training programs must be tailored to each farm type to strengthen the technical and managerial capacity of the fish farmers. KEYWORDS bootstrap, Calinski and Harabasz pseudo F statistic, cluster analysis, fish farm typology, Jaccard coefficient, typology stabilit
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