25 research outputs found
Access to universities' public knowledge: Who's more regionalist?
Trabajo presentado a la "Technology Transfer Society (T2S) Annual Conference" celebrada en Bergamo (Italia) del 8 al 9 de Noviembre de 2013.Universities strive and are also requested to contribute to public knowledge both within and across local borders. Studies on the geography of knowledge flows have identified a localisation effect; however, studies for Europe do not use the region as the unit of observation and hence do not explore regional patterns. We hypothesise that the localisation of university knowledge flows is directly related to share of firm expenditure on research and development. To test so, we use references to universities in patent documents based on a dataset for 94 EU27 regions in the period 1997-2007. We build indicators for the university knowledge flows both inside and outside the applicant region, which we explain as a function of some proxies for regional research structure based on econometric estimations. We draw some conclusions which may be of practical value to understand the regional role of the private R&D expenditure in fostering local university knowledge flows.Trabajo presentado a la >Technology Transfer Society (T2S) Annual Conference> celebrada en bergamo (Italia) del 8 al 9 de Noviembre de 2013.Peer Reviewe
Política de rehabilitación urbana y entorno económico en el casco antiguo de Cádiz
El estudio pretende dar respuesta a las particularidades que tiene el Casco Antiguo de Cádiz,y por lo que se refiere a la política de rehabilitación, cuáles son sus objetivos, cómo se distribuyen sus recursos en el entorno de análisis. Atendiendo al resultado, cuál es el camino a seguir, si se impone un cambio de esquema, o por contra una continuidad en el planteamiento propuesto.177 págs
Trivianometrics, una competición académica por equipos en el aula de Econometría Financiera.
Memoria en formato artículo de los resultados del proyecto de innovación docente PI_14_011 realizado en la Universidad de Cádiz durante el curso 2013/14. El proyecto recibió el tercer premio de innovación docente y diploma de excelencia otorgado por la Unidad de Innovación Docente de la UCA y el Consejo Social de la Universidad de Cádiz. http://www.uca.es/recursos/doc/Unidades/Unidad_Innovacion/Innovacion_Docente/2013_2014/1266175410_285201512844.pdfMotivar a los alumnos para estudiar con regularidad y participar en clase es una tarea compleja pero fundamental en asignaturas de aprendizaje continuo, donde los nuevos conocimientos se fundamentan en conocimientos previos adquiridos en las mismas. Con el objeto de incrementar el interés y estudio de la asignatura, propusimos a los alumnos participar en una competición académica por equipos donde se pone a prueba sus conocimientos de Econometría Financiera. El diseño de Trivianometrics combina dos elementos fundamentales en el aprendizaje: 1) trabajo continuo durante el curso y 2) un incentivo a corto plazo que motive a superar las dificultades de la materia de estudio.
La competición se llevó a cabo durante el curso 2013/14 donde se creó una clasificación de equipos a partir de los puntos obtenidos en mini rondas de preguntas. Semanalmente, los alumnos tenían la posibilidad de ganar puntos para su equipo y mejorar la clasificación que se actualizaba al final de cada ronda. La distribución de los puntos se planificó de modo que se mantuviera el interés hasta el final. Tras desarrollarse la competición, se nombraron tres equipos ganadores que fueron recompensados con una nota extra en el examen y el reconocimiento público en clase con la entrega de un diploma de recuerdo.
Al final del curso, los alumnos rellenaron un encuesta de opinión sobre la utilidad y los efectos del Trivianometrics en su motivación, proceso de aprendizaje y nota final de la asignatura con resultados muy satisfactorios. Más del 70% de los alumnos encuestados consideró que la actividad había tenido efectos positivos en su estudio regular. Además, nos sorprendió gratamente que más de la mitad de los alumnos consideró más motivador el reconocimiento hacia los ganadores que los puntos extra en el examen.Unidad de Innovación Docente UCA, Universidad de Cádi
El uso de códigos QR para mejorar en Econometría. Una experiencia docente.
Memoria final en formato artículo del proyecto de innovación docente PI_13_016. El proyecto fue llevado a cabo durante el curso académico 2012/13 y recibió un accésit y diploma con mención de excelencia por la Unidad de Innovación Docente y el Consejo Social de la Universidad de Cádiz. http://www.uca.es/recursos/doc/Unidades/Unidad_Innovacion/Innovacion_Docente/2012_2013/891466831_195201411523.pdfLos teléfonos móviles, máximos representantes de la integración tecnológica en nuestra sociedad, siguen ampliando su oferta de aplicaciones para facilitar nuestra vida diaria. Sin embargo, el mundo formativo continúa sin dar el paso definitivo a estos nuevos dispositivos. Con el trasfondo de que nuestros estudiantes empiecen a utilizar sus móviles en actividades formativas (m-learning) y con el objetivo de facilitar el aprendizaje de la asignatura de Econometría, se desarrolló una serie de actividades disponibles en el móvil mediante la lectura de códigos QR que permiten a los alumnos afianzar conceptos sobre la materia de estudio. Al finalizar el curso se realizó una encuesta de opinión cuyos resultados se analizaron para detectar los factores que influyen en el uso del móvil en las actividades que se pusieron a disposición de los estudiantes. Los principales resultados muestran la importancia de tener un conocimiento previo en la lectura de códigos QR para que los alumnos consideren esta actividad una ventaja en lugar de un inconveniente. Asimismo, se detectó que ventajas del móvil como la inmediatez de uso y la portabilidad pueden quedar menoscabadas por la lentitud de las conexiones de datos y el reducido tamaño de las pantallas de estos dispositivos.Unidad de Innovación Docente UCA, Universidad de CádizEl archivo contiene la memoria en formato artículo: 4 página
Effects of co-patenting across national boundaries on patent quality. An exploration in pharmaceuticals
This paper explores three novel research questions. First, is an increase in
the number of countries involved in ownership of a co-patent an effective
way to enhance patent quality? Second, if the objective is to raise patent
quality, which are the right countries to collaborate with? And third, does
cooperation with partners located in a tax haven affect patent quality?
The empirical methodology relies on forward citations as an indicator of
quality, and patent co-ownership as a measure of international
collaboration. Our econometric findings show that, first, the average
effect of international collaboration is a 4.9% increase in patent quality
compared with those patents for which the assignees come from a
single country (once we controlled for patent characteristics). When the
number of countries in which the assignees are based increases, the
effect of this wider collaboration on patent quality is also greater,
though only for up to a maximum of five countries. Second, to produce
patents of better quality, the most suitable countries with which to
collaborate were found to be the United States, Switzerland, Japan,
Germany and the United Kingdom. Finally, collaboration with firms
located in a country categorized as a tax haven does not have any
significant impact on patent quality
Effects of knowledge spillovers between competitors on patent quality: what patent citations reveal about a global duopoly
This paper analyses the effects on patent quality of a type of spillovers arising from the disclosure of patent information by firms engaged in competition in a global duopoly. Both firms are involved in producing new technologies and they do not cooperate on joint patents. In this context, we explored whether the disclosure of crucial knowledge in the patents of one of the firms affects the patent quality of its respective competitor. The empirical methodology relies on forward citations as an indicator of quality, and backward citations to the competitor as a measure of spillovers. We estimated several count models with a sample of 7750 patent families (divided into subsamples) owned by two large companies, Airbus and Boeing. Our econometric findings show that, for technologies in which the two firms account for the majority of the global patents, neither of the firms in the duopoly was able to harness spillovers from the rival to improve the quality of its patents. However, knowledge from the competitor becomes relevant, at least for one of the focal firms, in explaining patent quality of other technologies in which the two firms do not exert a dominant position.This work was supported by the Spanish Ministry of Economy, Industry and Competitiveness [Grant Number ECO2016-79436-R], [AEI/FEDER/UE]. Previous versions of the paper were presented at the 2018 Technology Transfer Society Annual Conference (Valencia), the 2019 International Open and User Innovation Conference (Utretcht), and the 2019 annual International Conference on Economics and Security (Madrid). The authors express their thanks to colleagues at these conferences for their helpful suggestions. The authors are also very grateful to two anonymous reviewers for their constructive and insightful comments
Does technological diversification spur university patenting?
Technological diversity, or the breadth of technological knowledge embedded
in patented inventions, refers to the range of different technological or economic fields
covered by a patent. This paper explores the role of diversification scope in encouraging
the production of new patents in European universities by including the diversification
scope as an explanatory variable in a patent production function. We hypothesize that the
more diversified the patented technology in the university, the greater the production of
new patents in subsequent periods. To test this hypothesis we rely on a cross-sectional
sample of patents owned by 141 European universities across Europe in 2001–2004. Our
empirical findings support the hypothesis of diversification, which means that the production
of new patents can be spurred by promoting or stimulating greater levels of
technological diversification. This result is robust to both the use of various measures of
diversification and to different econometric specifications
The Production of Academic Technological Knowledge: an Exploration at the Research Group Level
Public research institutions have a key role in a knowledge-based society as they lead
scientific research and generate patentable technology directly applicable to industrial
productive processes. In this paper, we address the latter role. Several well-known
papers have dealt with the production of university patents at the level of universities
and laboratories; however, despite the relevance of research groups in national research
systems, their capacity as producers of patents has been neglected. In this paper, we fill
this gap by testing the effect of previous collaborations and the scientific background of
the group on the production of knowledge, measured by the number of patents. In the
framework of a knowledge production function, we estimate several empirical count
models with a sample of 1120 research groups affiliated to the three major public
research institutions in Spain. Our findings suggest that the production of patents at the
research group level is positively and significantly correlated with the variables capturing
private collaboration and scientific background. The results also point to significant
differences in the production of technological knowledge across institutions and
areas of research
Specialization versus diversification of university technological knowledge across european regions
Este artículo explora la relación entre los patrones regionales de diversificación/especialización del conocimiento tecnológico generado por las universidades en Europa y sus efectos en la producción de nuevos resultados tecnológicos universitarios medidos por las patentes. Nuestra base de datos incluye 4.580 patentes universitarias relativas a 202 regiones de la Unión Europea-15 para el período 1998-2004. Diversas especificaciones econométricas revelan que la estrategia de diversificación de la producción del conocimiento tecnológico universitario favorece la producción de nuevas patentes universitarias en periodos posteriores. La especialización tiene efectos positivos y significativos en los sectores de alta tecnología.This paper explores the relationship between regional patterns of university technological diversifica-tion/specialization in Europe and its effects on the production of new university technological outcomes as measured by patent counts. Our dataset contains 4,580 university-owned patents related to 202 regions of European Union-15 for the period from 1998 to 2004. Several econometric specifications reveal that a diversification strategy in the production of university technological knowledge favours the generation of subsequent new university patents. Specialization has a positive and significant effect in high-technology sectors
Civil–Military Patents and Technological Knowledge Flows Into the Leading Defense Firms
Drawing upon 106,181 patent applications by the world’s largest defense firms and
241,571 patent citations (2002–2011), this article has two main objectives. The first
is to explore the factors affecting the production of mixed patents (those with
potential dual applications in both military and civilian spheres). The second is to
identify the causes of the use of military knowledge for civilian inventions (spin-off)
and the use of civilian knowledge in military patented technologies (spin-in). Our
calculations show highly significant coefficients for the variables capturing the
“military technological capability” and the size of the company in explaining the
production of mixed technologies. The spin-off process is affected by the military
technological capability, the size of the firm, and the location. The spin-in mechanism
is explained by the military technological capability and the location of the firm, while
the size of the company is not relevant
