Study of the Optical Properties of Zno Nano-structure at Different Ti Content

Zinc oxide (ZnO) and TZO samples having different Ti content were synthesized from doping to composite by Citrate sol-gel method (dissolving and react with citric acid) characterized according to their optical properties. The UV - vis characterization exhibiting good optical properties. The results show there are one absorption edge at pure and low Ti doping but at higher Ti% another edge appeared and slightly shifted around 400 nm. The maximum absorption nearly at 350 nm, and the band gap energy of Ti-doped ZnO increase from 3.16 to 3.20 eV achieving a blue-shift. A red shift from 3.07 to 3.19 eV in the visible range which has a very important application, this improves the optical properties of ZnO and gives an indication how to tune its band gap (increase or decrease by doping or composition)

Liquid Radioactive Wastes Treatment: A Review

Radioactive wastes are generated during nuclear fuel cycle operation, production and application of radioisotope in medicine, industry, research, and agriculture, and as a byproduct of natural resource exploitation, which includes mining and processing of ores, combustion of fossil fuels, or production of natural gas and oil. To ensure the protection of human health and the environment from the hazard of these wastes, a planned integrated radioactive waste management practice should be applied. This work is directed to review recent published researches that are concerned with testing and application of different treatment options as a part of the integrated radioactive waste management practice. The main aim from this work is to highlight the scientific community interest in important problems that affect different treatment processes. This review is divided into the following sections: advances in conventional treatment of aqueous radioactive wastes, advances in conventional treatment of organic liquid wastes, and emerged technological options

Modelling and Digital Mapping of the Infiltration Characteristics of Major Agricultural Soils

A study was attempted to assess the infiltration characteristics of major soils of Sohag governorate, Egypt. Twelve soil profiles were exposed and morphologically examined to represent the soils of the study area. Horizon-wise soil samples were taken and analyzed for physical and chemical properties. The infiltration field measurements were made for five hours using a double-ring infiltrometer, and the empirical Kostiakov’s infiltration model was applied. The results indicated that the soils were classified as Aridisols, Entisols, and Vertisols. Initial infiltration rates ranged between 0.80 and 6.67 m/day. The highest values (6.47 and 6.67 m/day) were observed in locations No. 11 and 12, where the coarse texture prevailed. The fine texture soils recorded the lowest values (0.80, 0.81, and 0.82 m/day) in locations No. 8, 4, and 7, respectively. Infiltration rate is classified as very rapid, rapid, moderately rapid, and moderate. A correlation was found between steady infiltration rates and sand, hydraulic conductivity, CaCO3 content, and organic carbon in order r=0.95, 0.93, 0.74, and 0.79. However, were found to be negatively correlated with the infiltration rates (r= -0.80, -0.91, -0.95, -0.97, -0.64, -0.91, respectively. Whereas bulk density showed an insignificant relationship (p=0.05) with infiltration rates in the order of r=0.13. GIS environment was used to generate different maps of soil parameters, and finally, the infiltration map was produced for the study area

Removal of Carcinogenic Hexavalent Chromium by Reduction with Iron in Presence of Accelerator Non Toxic Organic Compounds (Chalcone)

The focus of this work is on Cr, which has two predominant oxidation states of the atmosphere: + â€3, which is an essential nutrient in low doses, and +â€6, which is highly toxic and carcinogenic. We found that, the reduction of Cr6+ to Cr3+ was first order reaction and the rate controlling step is the diffusion of (Cr6+) from bulk to iron surface. Toxicity reduction method includes studding of 1-aryl-3-(1-phenylpyrazolo [3,4-b] quinoxalin-3-yl) -2-propenones derivatives or chalcone derivatives concentration, temperatures and rotation speeds effect, which exhibit a strong dependence and supported that the process is diffusion controlled. Thermodynamic parameter ΔG*, ΔH* and ΔS* are given. Mass transfer study of the process was correlated by the equation: Sh = 0.53Sc0.33Re0.38. The order of acceleration was confirmed by quantum calculations

Field efficiency and selectivity effects of selected insecticides on cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididea) and its predators

Cotton aphid, Aphis gossypii Glover (Homoptera: Aphididae) is a key pest of cotton plants in Egypt. A two-year field study was conducted at Faculty of Agriculture, Assiut University, Egypt, during 2013 and 2014 growing seasons to determined the efficiency of acetamiprid, imidacloprid, thiamethoxam, dinotefuran, pirimicarb and  malathion on cotton aphid and selectivity effects of these insecticides on Coccinella undecimpunctata L. and Chrysoperla carnea (Stephens). The results indicated that thiamethoxam, dinotefuran, acetamiprid and imidacloprid proved to be the most effective insecticides in reducing cotton aphid population up to 21 days after treatment throughout both seasons and caused an average reduction percentage ranged from 73.58 to 96.42%%, whereas pirimicarb and malathion showed the lowest reduction with an average ranged 38.08 to 66.68 % at different exposure dates during 2013 and 2014 seasons. In addition, the selectivity effects of acetamiprid, imidacloprid, pirimicarb and malathion reduced the population of C. undecimpunctata with an average ranged from 78.05 to 96.43% and were classified as harmful. Thiamethoxam reduced the population with an average ranged from 68.72 to 69.20% and was classified as moderately harmful. Dinotefuran showed a slightly harmful effect to C. undecimpunctata with an average reduction 44.3 and 41.81% during 2013 and 2014 seasons. On the other hand, acetamiprid and dinotefuran caused a significant reduction in the population of C. carnea with an average ranged from 28.28 to 56.52% and were classified as harmless. Thiamethoxam and imidacloprid reduced the population with an average ranged from 55.53 and 64.39% and were classified as moderately harmful. By contrast, malathion and pirimicarb showed the highest reduction in the population with an average ranged from 67.15 to 96.57% and were classified as harmful during both seasons. These results suggested that, the selection of a suitable insecticide in an IPM program to control the cotton aphid not only depends on its efficiency against the aphid but also its toxicity to natural enemies (predators and parasitoids) and its persistence

Mycobacterial CYP121 as a target for anti-TB drug discovery

Despite the introduction of the first line treatment regimen forty years ago and the continuous trials since that time to introduce new regimens, tuberculosis (TB) is considered to be the cause of considerable mortality worldwide. Recent research highlighted the Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb)CYP450s as potential drug targets. This article reviews mycobacterial CYP121 as a target for anti-TB drug discovery

Evaluation of IR Spectral Analysis and Dyeing Parameters for Plasma and /or Nano-Silver Treatments of Polyester and Nylon Fabrics

In our work of this paper, we study the effect of surface modification of polyester and nylon fabrics induced by DC plasma discharge and/ or nano-siliver treatments .DC plasma discharge was employed at first, as a function of plasma device parameters including different time, different current and different hydrostatic pressure using chemically inert working gas: argon or nitrogen. Optimization of the performance of the applied DC plasma discharge with various applied conditions were performed using Fourier Transform Infra-Red (FTIR) Spectroscopy spectral analysis, by following up the changes in the peak intensity values of the characteristic functional groups that characterize polyester fabric. Then the dyeing properties of different pretreated fabrics with plasma by the best conditions are subjected to nano-silver treatment by concentration 50 ppm under the effect of different dye concentrations, different dyeing temperature and different dyeing time. Finally, the fastness properties to light and washing for the treated samples were studied. The results obtained showed that both of the dyeing parameters and fastness properties were highly improved by the treatment of fabrics by either individual plasma treatment or combined DC cold plasma and nano-silver treatments

ASSOCIATION OF OBESITY WITH RS1421085 AND RS9939609 POLYMORPHISMS OF FTO GENE WITH T2DM IN EGYPTIAN FEMALES

Objective: Obesity has been described as a worldwide increasing health problem and risk factor of various disorders including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). So, our study aim to determine of common variants of fat mass and obesity associated gene polymorphisms rs1421085 and rs 9939609; confers risk of obesity and type 2 diabetic mellitus in Egyptian females.Methods: In this population rs1421085 and rs9939609 polymorphisms of fat mass and obesity (FTO) gene were genotyped in 105 obese patients and 100 healthy controls with ages 14-60 y were collected from Medicine Specialized Hospital, Mansoura University, Egypt during the period between Jul.-Oct. 2016, genotyping of SNPs was performed by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) assay, fasting blood glucose, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA IR), body mass index (BMI), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR) lipid profile was determined.Results: There was the significantly higher frequency of the AA compared to controls p=0.0001) of genotypers9939609. Also, cases have shown a significantly higher frequency of the C allele, p<0.00001) of rs1421085 genotype polymorphisms increased the risks of obesity. On the other hand, there were no significant correlations between genotypes and obesity-related (anthropometric body composition) parameters. Only the fasting blood glucose was significantly higher in the TA p=0.004).Conclusion: The FTO rs9939609 and rs1421085 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) was associated with increased risk of obesity in type 2 diabetic populations on Egyptian females