5 research outputs found

    Plant diversity & abundance, Aspen stand characteristics

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    This data was collected in the field during the summer of 2007. The excel file contains all data used in our analyses. Data is separated into different sheets. We sampled the grassland matrix and aspen stands using Modified-Whittaker plots (Stohlgren et al. 1995 Vegetatio). We identified all species at the level of microplot (mp - 10 per plot), subplot (sp - 2 per plot), midplot (mi - 1 per plot) and wholeplot (wp - i.e., the entire plot). Within each microplot we measured the percent cover of herbaceous plants using Daubenmire cover classes (Daubenmire 1959 Northwest Science). Aspen stands that were not sampled, but were included to calculate stand connectivity, are coded in the distance matrix with letters (i.e., a,b,c etc.), while stands that were sampled are coded numerically

    Controlling Styrene Maleic Acid Lipid Particles through RAFT

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    The ability of styrene maleic acid copolymers to dissolve lipid membranes into nanosized lipid particles is a facile method of obtaining membrane proteins in solubilized lipid discs while conserving part of their native lipid environment. While the currently used copolymers can readily extract membrane proteins in native nanodiscs, their highly disperse composition is likely to influence the dispersity of the discs as well as the extraction efficiency. In this study, reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer was used to control the polymer architecture and dispersity of molecular weights with a high-precision. Based on Monte Carlo simulations of the polymerizations, the monomer composition was predicted and allowed a structure–function analysis of the polymer architecture, in relation to their ability to assemble into lipid nanoparticles. We show that a higher degree of control of the polymer architecture generates more homogeneous samples. We hypothesize that low dispersity copolymers, with control of polymer architecture are an ideal framework for the rational design of polymers for customized isolation and characterization of integral membrane proteins in native lipid bilayer systems
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