The basic level of taxonomy of the concept "Visual Perception" : the case study of English and French verbs

The article deals with verb representation of visual perception in the English and French languages on the basis of construction of a complex cognitive model called the verb taxonomy of the concept VISUAL PERCEPTION. The model allows us to present a part of the lexical system of the English and French languages with account of the conceptual level, namely the concepts represented by verbs of visual perceptio

Another deep dimming of the classical T Tauri star RW Aur A

Context. RW Aur A is a classical T Tauri star (CTTS) with an unusually rich emission line spectrum. In 2014 the star faded by ~ 3 magnitudes in the V band and went into a long-lasting minimum. In 2010 the star suffered from a similar fading, although less deep. These events in RW Aur A are very unusual among the CTTS, and have been attributed to occultations by passing dust clouds. Aims. We want to find out if any spectral changes took place after the last fading of RW Aur A with the intention to gather more information on the occulting body and the cause of the phenomenon. Methods. We collected spectra of the two components of RW Aur. Photometry was made before and during the minimum. Results. The overall spectral signatures reflecting emission from accretion flows from disk to star did not change after the fading. However, blue-shifted absorption components related to the stellar wind had increased in strength in certain resonance lines, and the profiles and strengths, but not fluxes, of forbidden lines had become drastically different. Conclusions. The extinction through the obscuring cloud is grey indicating the presence of large dust grains. At the same time, there are no traces of related absorbing gas. The cloud occults the star and the interior part of the stellar wind, but not the wind/jet further out. The dimming in 2014 was not accompanied by changes in the accretion flows at the stellar surface. There is evidence that the structure and velocity pattern of the stellar wind did change significantly. The dimmings could be related to passing condensations in a tidally disrupted disk, as proposed earlier, but we also speculate that large dust grains have been stirred up from the inclined disk into the line-of-sight through the interaction with an enhanced wind.Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures, Accepted for publication in A&

Facing the wind of the pre-FUor V1331 Cyg

The mass outflows in T Tauri stars (TTS) are thought to be an effective mechanism to remove angular momentum during the pre-main-sequence contraction of a low-mass star. The most powerful winds are observed at the FUor stage of stellar evolution. V1331 Cyg has been considered as a TTS at the pre-FUor stage. We analyse high-resolution spectra of V1331 Cyg collected in 1998-2007 and 20-d series of spectra taken in 2012. For the first time the photospheric spectrum of the star is detected and stellar parameters are derived: spectral type G7-K0 IV, mass 2.8 Msun, radius 5 Rsun, vsini < 6 km/s. The photospheric spectrum is highly veiled, but the amount of veiling is not the same in different spectral lines, being lower in weak transitions and much higher in strong transitions. The Fe II 5018, Mg I 5183, K I 7699 and some other lines of metals are accompanied by a `shell' absorption at radial velocity of about -240 km/s. We show that these absorptions form in the post-shock gas in the jet, i.e. the star is seen though its jet. The P Cyg profiles of H-alpha and H-beta indicate the terminal wind velocity of about 500 km/s, which vary on time-scales from several days to years. A model of the stellar wind is developed to interpret the observations. The model is based on calculation of hydrogen spectral lines using the radiative transfer code TORUS. The observed H-alpha and H-beta line profiles and their variability can be well reproduced with a stellar wind model, where the mass-loss rate and collimation (opening angle) of the wind are variable. The changes of the opening angle may be induced by small variability in magetization of the inner disc wind. The mass-loss rate is found to vary within (6-11)x10^{-8} Msun/yr, with the accretion rate of 2.0x10^{-6} Msun/yr.Comment: 11 pages, 12 figures; accepted for publication in MNRAS. Typographical errors have been corrected after the proof stag

Analysis of the narrative structure of texts retold by preschool children with general speech underdevelopment

The paper analyzes theoretical approaches to the study of narrative texts from linguistic, narratological, and ontolinguistic positions. The scope of research covers the process of creation of a coherent narrative utterance by senior preschoolers with general speech underdevelopment. The aim of the paper consists in the description of the analysis of narrative texts generated by preschool children with general speech underdevelopment.В статье рассматривается процесс создания связного повествовательного высказывания у старших дошкольников с общим недоразвитием речи

Analytic and Synthetic Propositions: I. Kant’s Criticisms and N.O. Lossky's Intuitionism

The subject of the study is the development of epistemological and logical doctrine by outstanding Russian philosopher Nikolay Onufriyevich Lossky in connection with the influence of Immanuel Kant’s philosophy on him. The formation of Lossky’s logical and epistemological views followed the path of development and, at the same time, creative “overcoming” of Kant’s critical philosophy. Special attention is paid to solving the problem of analytic and synthetic propositions in Lossky’s system of logic based on the epistemology of intuitionism and ideal-realism. Relying on Kant’s achievements in transcendental logic, related to the discovery of synthetic propositions a priori, justification of the possibility of universal and necessary synthetic propositions, Lossky comes to his own original view of the problem “analytic - synthetic”, manifested in the statement of all propositions (including the propositions of mathematics and logic) as having a synthetic structure, the rejection of analytic propositions, the extension of this position to the theory of inference, according to which syllogism is also synthetic. The views of N.O. Lossky on the problem of correlation between traditional logic and modern mathematical logic are considered. The text of N.O. Lossky’s article “Analytic and Synthetic Propositions and Mathematical Logic”, which has not been published in Russian before, is analysed. The introduction of new archival material into the scientific turnover will make it possible to outline more clearly the contours of N.O. Lossky’s logic as the most important part of his philosophical system, to study the development of the thinker’s logical ideas in the 1950s at the late stage of his work (the American period of the Russian philosopher’s life and work) and to understand the specifics of his “discussion” with representatives of neopositivism (R. Carnap, B. Russell, L. Wittgenstein)

Early markers of pathological left ventricular remodeling in patients after ST-elevation myocardial infarction according to speckle-tracking echocardiography

Aim. To assess early predictors of pathological remodeling in patients after ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) using speckle-tracking echocardiography (STE).Material and methods. The study included 114 STEMI patients aged 52 (44; 58) years. A two-dimensional echocardiography was performed with the analysis of standard parameters and STE with an analysis of strain and rotational characteristics of the myocardium. In addition, brain natriuretic peptide and troponin-I concentration was determined. The development of pathological post-infarction remodeling within 12-month follow-up was assessed as an end point. Depending on the outcome, 2 groups were formed: group 1 — patients with pathological remodeling (PR), n=45 (39,5%), group 2 — patients without PR, n=69 (60,5%).Results. Early remodeling was detected in 24 (53,3%) people, mid-term — in 15 (33,4%), and late remodeling — in 6 (13,3%). In the PR group, heart failure (HF) was detected in 100% of patients, while in non-PR group, 23 (33,3%) patients had no signs of HF.In the early period of myocardial infarction, each of following indicators with high sensitivity and specificity predicts postinfarction pathological dilatation: global longitudinal strain (GLS) &lt;11,7%, global circular strain (GCS) &lt;12,4%, and a Twist decrease to 7,8o. A multivariate logistic regression model was created for the formation of pathological remodeling in patients with STEMI, which included GLS, global radial deformation (GRS), end-systolic volume index (ESVI), determined on days 7-9 of STEMI.Conclusion. GLS, GCS, and left ventricular Twist are independent highly sensitive and specific predictors of pathological remodeling. The following early predictors of postinfarction pathological dilatation have been established: reduced GLS  in combination with higher GRS and left ventricular ESVI

New Indicators of Myocardial Work in Healthy Individuals

Aim. To study in healthy individuals the gender and age characteristics of left ventricular (LV) myocardial work indicators, their correlations with global LV deformity indicators and echocardiographic parameters characterizing LV systolic and diastolic functions.Materials and methods. 70 Healthy individuals (n=70; 34 men and 36 women; aged 39.3±8.9 years) were included in the study. The echocardiographic examination determined the standard parameters and indicators of myocardial work: global work efficiency (GWE), global constructive work (GCW), global wasted work (GWW), global myocardial work index (GWI); as well as the myocardium deformation characteristics: global longitudinal deformation (GLS), global radial deformation (GRS) and global circular deformation (GCS). Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to investigate the relationship between parameters. A correlation was considered weak at r≤0.3, moderate at 0.3&lt;r&lt;0.7, and strong at r≥0.7.Results. The average value of global work efficiency (GWE) in men was 97% (96; 98), in women – 98% (97; 98). Global constructive work (GCW) in men was 2343.8±350.4 mm Hg%, in women – 2362.2±343.8 mm Hg%. The average value of global wasted work (GWW) in men was 46 mm Hg% (27; 75), in women – 44 mm Hg% (33; 55.5). The global myocardial work index (GWI) in men was 2069.9±356.4 mm Hg%, in women – 2055.7±339.9 mm Hg%. No significant differences were found in the comparative analysis of performance indicators. The analysis of correlations found that the myocardial work indicators didn't have significant correlations with age. Ejection fraction was moderately correlated with GWI (r=0.45) and GCW (r=0.49). Global longitudinal strain was strongly correlated with GWI (r=0.77) and GCW (r=0.77). Global radial strain correlated moderately directly with GWI (r=0.4) and GCW (r=0.4). Global circular strain was moderately correlated with GCW (r=0.35). A strong negative correlation was found between the GWE indicator and the post systolic contraction index (PSI) (r=-0.85). At the same time, PSI and GWW had a strong positive correlation (r=0.85).Conclusion. Indicators of LV myocardial work in healthy individuals do not have gender differences. The efficiency of the work of the myocardium depends primarily on the deformation of the LV, while the constructive work is determined by the volume characteristics. The wasted work indicator depends on the number of segments that peak in the post-systolic period