Determination of operation parameters and indicators of surface miners in marble quarrying

The growth in marble quarrying requires the implementation at mining enterprises new high-performance equipment. In this connection, it is advisable to consider the possibility of use in the development of marble deposits surface milling miners. To improve the efficiency of their operation it is necessary develop a technique of operational definition of surface miners` basic parameters according to conditions existing at marble mining enterprises. Experience shows that when choosing miner`s model the determination of its parameters can be carried out using regression dependences. As a result of processing initial information about technical characteristics of surface miners the dependences determining connection between milling width, engine power and operating weight were obtained. In the largest Russian Koelginskoe marble deposit during 2014-2015 chronometer monitoring the work of surface milling miner Wirtgen 2500SM were conducted in different modes and conditions. In the study miner`s speed was varied from 7 to 9 m/min and cutting depth from 0.1 to 0.15 m. Surface miner worked according to the shuttle scheme with a turn at the end of the site. Rock was loaded into dump trucks with carrying capacity of 25-30 tons. Processing of observational results allowed to get dependence for the operational definition of miner`s performance in marble deposits developing. A nomogram for determining the engine power, weight and miner`s operational performance with different milling widths was constructed. Dependences obtained during the study can be used when selecting miner for a particular deposit, as well as when forecasting engine power, operating weight and performance of surface miner`s perspective models

ОСОБЕННОСТИ КОМПЛЕКСООБРАЗОВАНИЯ КСИЛЕНОЛОВОГО ОРАНЖЕВОГО С Bi(III) И ЕГО СПЕКТРОФОТОМЕТРИЧЕСКОЕ ОПРЕДЕЛЕНИЕ В ФАРМАЦЕВТИЧЕСКИХ ПРЕПАРАТАХ

The complexation features of Bi(III) with xylenol orange (XO) have been studied. It was found that three complexes of different stoichiometry have been formed in the studied system. The complex composition of Bi(III) : XO = 1 : 1 (λ = 540 nm, ε = 17000, log β = 10.5) has been formed at pH = 1.0 in reagent excess, and its dimerization with the formation of the complex stoichiometry 2 : 2 (λ = 560 nm, ε = 24000, log β = 17.8) has been observed in excess of Bi (III). The complex composition of Bi(III) : XO = 1 : 2 has been formed with weak light absorbing properties (λ = 500 nm, ε = 9000, log β = 9.9) at pH = 6.8. The complexation mechanism of Bi(III) with XO has been proposed based on the totality of the spectrophotometric data and its theoretical interpretations. In the acidic environment (pH = 1.0) the coordinating ion is Bi3+ and coordinated ligand is an ionized by sulfo-groups reagent form. At pH = 6.8, the ion chelator is BiOH2+, and XO reacts in ionized by sulfo and carboxyl groups form. The effect of extraneous ions on the absorbance value of the complex Bi (III) with a XO at pH = 1.0 was studied. The complex with molar ratio 1 : 1 is recommended as an analytical form. Beer’s law holds in the Bi(III) concentrations range 0.4-10.0 μg/cm3. The detection limit is 0.12 μg/cm3 and the limit of quantification is 0.37 μg/cm3. The simple method of spectrophotometric determination of Bi(III) with xylenol orange in pharmaceuticals has been developed.Keywords: spectrophotometric analysis, complexation, xylenol orange, bismuth (III), pharmaceuticals(Russian)DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2016.20.3.007 A.N. Chebotarev, D.V. Snigur, V.P. Dubovyiy  Odessa I.I. Mechnikov National University ul. Dvorianskaya, 2, Odessa, Ukraine, 65082Изучены особенности комплексообразования Ві(ІІІ) с ксиленоловым оранжевым (КО) и установлено, что в исследуемой химической системе образуется три комплекса разной стехиометрии. При рН = 1.0 в избытке реагента образуется комплекс состава Ві(ІІІ) : КО = 1 : 1 (λ = 540 нм, ε = 17000, log β = 10.5), а в избытке Ві(ІІІ) наблюдается его димеризация с образованием комплекса состава 2 : 2 (λ = 560 нм, ε = 24000, log β = 17.8). При рН = 6.8 образуется комплекс состава 1 : 2 со слабыми светопоглощающими свойствами (λ = 500 нм, ε = 9000, log β = 9.9). На основании совокупности спектрофотометрических данных и их теоретической интерпретации предложен химизм комплексообразования Ві(ІІІ) с КО. В кислой среде (рН = 1.0) координирующим ионом является Bi3+, а координированным лигандом – ионизированная по сульфо-группе форма реагента. При рН = 6.8 комплексообразователем выступает ион BiОН2+, а КО вступает в реакцию в ионизированной по сульфо- и карбоксильным группам форме. Изучено влияние посторонних ионов на величину оптической плотности комплекса Ві(ІІІ) с КО при рН = 1.0. В качестве аналитической формы рекомендован комплекс состава 1 : 1, при использовании которого закон Бэра выполняется в диапазоне концентраций Ві(ІІІ) 0.4-10.0 мкг/см3. Нижний предел обнаружения – 0.12 мкг/см3, предел количественного определения – 0.37 мкг/см3. Предложена методика спектрофотометрического определения Ві(ІІІ) в фармацевтических препаратах с ксиленоловым оранжевым, характеризующаяся относительной погрешностью определения не превышающей 3.5 %.Ключевые слова: спектрофотометрический анализ, комплексообразование, ксиленоловый оранжевый, висмут(ІІІ), фармацевтические препараты DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15826/analitika.2016.20.3.00

Covariant Quantum Dynamical Semigroups: Unbounded generators

A survey of the probabilistic approaches to quantum dynamical semigroups with unbounded generators is given. An emphasis is made upon recent advances in the structural theory of covariant Markovian master equations. The relations with the classical Levy-Khinchin formula are elucidated. As an example, a complete characterizations of the Galilean covariant irreversible quantum Markovian evolutions is given in terms of the corresponding quantum master and Langevin equations. Important topics for future investigation are outlined.Comment: 14 pages,Latex, no figures, submitted to the Semigroup Volume, Group 21, Goslar 199

Local Magnetohydrodynamic Characteristics of the Plasma Stream generated by MPC

This paper investigates the spatial distributions of electrical current which flows inside the plasma stream generated by a magnetoplasma compressor (MPC). Two different modes of MPC operation with different gas supply scenarios have been applied in the experiments presented here. The first is the operation mode with a pulse injection of xenon into the interelectrode space, and the second is the operation mode with residual helium in the chamber and local injection of xenon directly into the compression zone. The maximum value of the electric current observed outside the MPC channel is 15 ÷ 20% of the total discharge current. Electric current vortices were discovered in the plasma stream. The amplitude of the current in the vortices reaches 50% of the total discharge current. The maximum EUV radiation power was measured in the mode of MPC operation with local xenon injection. Power in the wave range 12.2 ÷ 15.8 nm achieves up to 16 ÷ 18 kW

Local Magnetohydrodynamic Characteristics of the Plasma Stream generated by MPC

This paper investigates the spatial distributions of electrical current which flows inside the plasma stream generated by a magnetoplasma compressor (MPC). Two different modes of MPC operation with different gas supply scenarios have been applied in the experiments presented here. The first is the operation mode with a pulse injection of xenon into the interelectrode space, and the second is the operation mode with residual helium in the chamber and local injection of xenon directly into the compression zone. The maximum value of the electric current observed outside the MPC channel is 15 ÷ 20% of the total discharge current. Electric current vortices were discovered in the plasma stream. The amplitude of the current in the vortices reaches 50% of the total discharge current. The maximum EUV radiation power was measured in the mode of MPC operation with local xenon injection. Power in the wave range 12.2 ÷ 15.8 nm achieves up to 16 ÷ 18 kW

Surface modification of Nd-Fe-B based materials with pulsed helium plasma streams

X-ray amorphous Nd₂Fe₂₃B₃ phase have been synthesized under the interaction of accelerated helium plasma with Nd₈Fe₈₇B₅ and Nd₄,₅Fe₇₇B₁₈,₅ alloys. Microstructure and composition of modified layer have been examined.Рентгеноаморфна фаза Nd₂Fe₂₃B₃ синтезована при взаємодії імпульсних потоків гелієвої плазми зі сплавами Nd₈Fe₈₇B₅ і Nd₄,₅Fe₇₇B₁₈,₅. Досліджено мікроструктуру і склад модифікованого шару.Рентгеноаморфная фаза Nd₂Fe₂₃B₃ синтезирована при взаимодействии импульсных потоков гелиевой плазмы со сплавами Nd₈Fe₈₇B₅ и Nd₄,₅Fe₇₇B₁₈,₅,5. Исследованы микроструктура и состав модифицированного слоя

The complexation features of xylenol orange with Bi(III) and its spectrophotometric determination in pharmaceuticals

The complexation features of Bi(III) with xylenol orange (XO) have been studied. It was found that three complexes of different stoichiometry have been formed in the studied system. The complex composition of Bi(III) : XO = 1 : 1 (λ = 540 nm, ε = 17000, log β = 10.5) has been formed at pH = 1.0 in reagent excess, and its dimerization with the formation of the complex stoichiometry 2 : 2 (λ = 560 nm, ε = 24000, log β = 17.8) has been observed in excess of Bi (III). The complex composition of Bi(III) : XO = 1 : 2 has been formed with weak light absorbing properties (λ = 500 nm, ε = 9000, log β = 9.9) at pH = 6.8. The complexation mechanism of Bi(III) with XO has been proposed based on the totality of the spectrophotometric data and its theoretical interpretations. In the acidic environment (pH = 1.0) the coordinating ion is Bi3+ and coordinated ligand is an ionized by sulfo-groups reagent form. At pH = 6.8, the ion chelator is BiOH2+, and XO reacts in ionized by sulfo and carboxyl groups form. The effect of extraneous ions on the absorbance value of the complex Bi (III) with a XO at pH = 1.0 was studied. The complex with molar ratio 1 : 1 is recommended as an analytical form. Beer’s law holds in the Bi(III) concentrations range 0.4-10.0 μg/cm3. The detection limit is 0.12 μg/cm3 and the limit of quantification is 0.37 μg/cm3. The simple method of spectrophotometric determination of Bi(III) with xylenol orange in pharmaceuticals has been developed.Изучены особенности комплексообразования Ві(ІІІ) с ксиленоловым оранжевым (КО) и уста- новлено, что в исследуемой химической системе образуется три комплекса разной стехиометрии. При рН = 1.0 в избытке реагента образуется комплекс состава Ві(ІІІ) : КО = 1 : 1 (λ = 540 нм, ε = 17000, log β = 10.5), а в избытке Ві(ІІІ) наблюдается его димеризация с образованием комплекса состава 2 : 2 (λ = 560 нм, ε = 24000, log β = 17.8). При рН = 6.8 образуется комплекс состава 1 : 2 со слабы- ми светопоглощающими свойствами (λ = 500 нм, ε = 9000, log β = 9.9). На основании совокупности спектрофотометрических данных и их теоретической интерпретации предложен химизм комплексо- образования Ві(ІІІ) с КО. В кислой среде (рН = 1.0) координирующим ионом является Bi3+, а коорди- нированным лигандом – ионизированная по сульфо-группе форма реагента. При рН = 6.8 комплек- сообразователем выступает ион BiОН2+, а КО вступает в реакцию в ионизированной по сульфо- и карбоксильным группам форме. Изучено влияние посторонних ионов на величину оптической плот- ности комплекса Ві(ІІІ) с КО при рН = 1.0. В качестве аналитической формы рекомендован комплекс состава 1 : 1, при использовании которого закон Бэра выполняется в диапазоне концентраций Ві(ІІІ) 0.4-10.0 мкг/см3 . Нижний предел обнаружения – 0.12 мкг/см3 , предел количественного определения – 0.37 мкг/см3 . Предложена методика спектрофотометрического определения Ві(ІІІ) в фармацевти- ческих препаратах с ксиленоловым оранжевым, характеризующаяся относительной погрешностью определения не превышающей 3.5 %